Single nuclear medicine functional imaging (including SPECT and PET) couldn't fully meet the demand of clinical diagnosis because of its own limits, thus the multimodality imaging equipment integrated anatomical and functional images has became the development trend of the nuclear medicine and even the entire medical imaging. Following the earliest SPECT-CT and PET-CT which having been widely used in clinic, the newest PET-MR has also been applied to clinical practice. PET-MR combined MR images with PET function image is substantial to the clinical diagnosis of cerebral nervous system diseases, cardiovascular system diseases and tumor, etc. In this paper, we reviewed the current application situation and prospects of PET-MR in cerebral nervous system diseases.

Objective To prospectively study the diagnostic and therapeutic status and prognosis in elderly patients with coronary heart disease(CHD) in national 3rd class-A level hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) or integrative western and Chinese medicine(IWCM) in Beijing and Tianjin. The problems and strategies of their in-hospital treatment and secondary prevention of CHD were analyzed combining with follow-up clinical events. Methods Using individualized Information Acquisition Platform of CHD, we collected in-hospital clinical information of CHD patients and then followed up for one year. The diagnostic and therapeutic conditions of elder CHD patients were evaluated based on clinical guidelines. The outcome-related indices were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and muhi-factors analysis. Results The average age of 1864 elderly CHD patients was (72.2±6.8) years, among those 1113 cases were male and 751 cases were female. The major accompanied diseases were hypertension, diabetes, cerebrovascular disease and hyperlipidemia.The standard-reaching rate of blood-lipid level of CHD patients with hyperlipidemia was as follows:TC 74.1%, TG 32. 9%, LDL-C 19. 4%, HDL-C 87. 8%, while it was 64.6% ( systolic pressure)and 84.70% ( diastolic pressure) respectively in CHD with hypertension. As for in-hospital treatment:β-receptor blocker 69.6%, ACEI/ARB 68. 4%, lipid-lowering statina 63. 6%, revascularization 29.1%. During the 12 months of follow-up, cardiogenic death 72 cases (4. 3%, 72/1682), other reasons 5 cases (0. 3%), acute myocardial infarction (AMI) 9 cases (0. 5%), revascularization 15cases (0. 8%). The multi-factors analysis showed that AMI, cardiac dysfunction could increase the incidence rate of endpoint events. Meanwhile, lipid-lowering statins, none of peripheral vessels disease, revaseularization, IWCM treatment, age below 75 years were related with the decreased incidence rate of endpoint events. Conclusions The standard-reaching rates of hlood-lipids (TG,LDL-C) of elderly CHD patients in TCM or IWCM hospitals in Beijing and Tianjin are insufficient,and revascularization should be intensified. There is still certain gap between the usage of ACEI/ARB,β-receptor blocker, lipid-lowering statins and related guidelines, and secondary prevention of CHD must be strengthened. It is the main strategy in preventing cardiovascular events to follow clinical guidelines in medical practice, control multiple risks factors and intervene comprehensively.

According to the basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the pathogenetic factors such as platelet activation, adhesion, congregation and thrombosis fall into the category of blood stasis, while the pathological changes such as tissue necrosis, oxidative stress injury and inflammation, etc, are far beyond the etiological category of blood stasis. The toxin or the combination and transformation of toxin and blood stasis of TCM are involved in the pathogenesis of thrombotic cerebro-cardiovascular diseases. It is significant to recognize and stress the combination and transformation of toxin and stasis in pathogenicity so as to enrich TCM etiology and improve TCM clinical efficacy in the treatment of cerebro-cardiovascular and thrombotic diseases.

Objective:To observe the additional effects of Xin Qing-ning Tablets,a representative herb with the effect of activating blood circulation and detoxication(ABCD) consisting of rhubarb extractives,on the serum in ammatory markers and blood lipids in stable coronary heart disease(CHD) patients receiving standardized statins treatment.Methods:Thirty stable CHD patients were randomized to three groups(10 in each group):the control group treated with standardized statins;the ABC and ABCD group,treated with Dan Qi Tablets or Xin Qing-ning Tablets respectively in addition to standardized statins treatment.After one month treatment,the concentrations of high-sensitivity C reaction protein(hs-CRP),Tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?) in serum,blood lipid and blood-stasis syndrome score(BSSS) of CHD patients before and after treatment were determined.Results:The ABCD group showed superior e ects in reducing the concentration of hs-CRP in serum[a di erence of(6.83?4.99)mg/L]as compared with the control group(1.90?2.15)mg/L and the ABC group(1.49?1.48)mg/L(P

AIM: To observe the effects of six common traditional Chinese herbs of activating blood, paeoniae rubra radix, salviae miltiorrhizae radix, ligustici, rhizome, notoginseng radix, pruni persicae semen and wine staemed radix et rhizome, on atherosclerotic plaque structure and stabilization in ApoE gene-deficient mice. METHODS: Four sections of the aortic root were choosen and stained with hematoxylin and masson. All sections were measured with Image-ProDR○ Plus Version 4.5.1 (IPP) software. RESULTS: Compared with the model group, plaque area corrected by cross-sectional vessel wall area reduced significantly in salviae miltirrhizae radix treatment group, lipid core area reduced in paeoniae rubra radix group, pruni persicae semen and wine steamed radix et rhizome treatment group, minimum thickness of fibrous cap became thicker significantly in salviae miltiorrhizae radix, ligustici, rhizome, pruni persicae semen and wine steamed radix et rhizome treatment group. CONCLUSION: These Chinese herbs may stabilize the atherosclerotic plaques in ApoE gene-deficient mice by interfering their structure, but their effects do not parallel with their activating blood efficacy in traditional Chinese medicine.

To evaluate the clinical effects of Shengmai Injection in treating coronary heart disease (CHD) based on correct syndrome differentiation and incorrect syndrome differentiation.

Objective:To further understand the etiological distribution of fever of unknown origin (FUO) in patients underwent 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT imaging, and to explore the significance of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the diagnosis of different types of diseases in FUO patients. Methods:From January 2013 to August 2019, the clinical and PET/CT image data of 466 FUO patients (194 males, 272 females, age: 3-91(52.7±20.9) years) in Peking University People′s Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The etiological distribution of FUO patients was analyzed according to the final clinical diagnosis. PET/CT imaging manifestations were analyzed for different types of diseases in FUO patients. The role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in differential diagnosis for FUO was evaluated through clinical questionnaire. Data were analyzed by using χ2 test. Results:The common disease types in FUO patients were rheumatic and immune disease (48.7%, 227/466), infection (28.5%, 133/466) and malignant tumor (11.2%, 52/466). For PET/CT imaging, 95.5% (445/466) of the patients were positive, of which 313 (70.3%, 313/445) were found to have focal lesions, and the other 132 (29.7%, 132/445) showed only nonspecific abnormal uptake. Lesions in different types of diseases were varied in the location, morphological changes as well as FDG uptake. The results of the questionnaire showed that PET/CT imaging could benefit 95.9% (447/466) of the patients in the FUO diagnosis and treatment. PET/CT reached direct etiological diagnosis of malignant tumors more frequently than other types of diseases ( χ2 values: 14.408-25.466, all P<0.001). PET/CT helped or directly reached the etiological diagnosis of rheumatologic diseases more frequently than infection and unknown cause group( χ2 values: 7.922, 9.647, both P<0.05). Conclusion:18F-FDG PET/CT imaging has high clinical value in the diagnosis of FUO etiology and can provide multilevel diagnostic information.

In order to help the standardized residency training of nuclear medicine residents, the standardized residency training base of nuclear medicine residents in Peking University People's Hospital, combined with forty-five nuclear medicine departments of teaching hospital, established the WeChat official account of "Standardized Residency Training of Nuclear Medicine" and submitted one teaching case per week. The appearance of the WeChat official account of "Standardized Residency Training of Nuclear Medicine" has made up for the shortcomings of insufficient teaching cases in a single training base, strengthened the training of residents' imaging diagnostic thinking, and promoted mutual learning among the bases. By writing teaching cases, instructors and residents have opened up ideas, increased knowledge, improved self-learning ability, and cultivated imaging diagnostic thinking. With the flexible and practical features of the WeChat official account, the consciousness and sustainability of residents' learning have been enhanced.

Cardiometabolic disease (CMD), characterized with metabolic disorder triggered cardiovascular events, is a leading cause of death and disability. Metabolic disorders trigger chronic low-grade inflammation, and actually, a new concept of metaflammation has been proposed to define the state of metabolism connected with immunological adaptations. Amongst the continuously increased list of systemic metabolites in regulation of immune system, bile acids (BAs) represent a distinct class of metabolites implicated in the whole process of CMD development because of its multifaceted roles in shaping systemic immunometabolism. BAs can directly modulate the immune system by either boosting or inhibiting inflammatory responses via diverse mechanisms. Moreover, BAs are key determinants in maintaining the dynamic communication between the host and microbiota. Importantly, BAs via targeting Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and diverse other nuclear receptors play key roles in regulating metabolic homeostasis of lipids, glucose, and amino acids. Moreover, BAs axis per se is susceptible to inflammatory and metabolic intervention, and thereby BAs axis may constitute a reciprocal regulatory loop in metaflammation. We thus propose that BAs axis represents a core coordinator in integrating systemic immunometabolism implicated in the process of CMD. We provide an updated summary and an intensive discussion about how BAs shape both the innate and adaptive immune system, and how BAs axis function as a core coordinator in integrating metabolic disorder to chronic inflammation in conditions of CMD.