Objective To compare the similarities and differences in changes of cardiac muscle structure between the rat models of chronic cor pulmonale induced by hypoxia and active immunization of M2-muscarinic receptor under light microscope and electron microscope, and to explore the dependablity of the antibody effects on cardiac architecture. Methods The 48 healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: (1) Hypoxia group: the typical model of chronic cor pulmonale was established according to XUE's method; (2) Active immunization group was immunized by M2-muscarinic receptor peptide; (3) Control group was fed in normal condition; (4) Cyclosporin A group: the hypoxia group plus cyclosporin A treatment at the same time. The antibody against M2-muscarinic receptor was detected by SA-ELISA, and the pathological exemplar of cardiac muscle was observed by light microscope and transmission electron microscope. Results (1) Antibody level of M2-muscarinic receptor; the P/N values gradually increased along with the process of experiment, and the max value in active immunization group was 5. 13. At the end of the second week, the value in hypoxia group increased to 2.08, but was still less than in active immunization group (4.66). (2) Under light microscope: in hypoxia group and active immunization group, the hearts displayed significant alterations including disorder of cardiac muscle fiber, necrosis of myocardial cells together with the infiltration of inflammatory cells. There were no differences in light microscopic findings between hypoxia and cyclosporin A group. (3) Under transmission electronic microscope examination in both active immunization group and hypoxia group, the hearts showed s1imilar significant alterations such as focal cardiac muscle fiberlysis, loss of normal muscle fiber banding pattern, mitochondrial swelling and condensation, sarcoplasmic vacuolation and deposition of dense granules in both the sarcoplasmic and muscle fiber. The contour of myocyte was irregular and plasma membranes were discontinuous in some cells. All altered myocytes were fairly widely distributed throughout the myocardium. The interstitium showed edema, deposits of flocculent serum protein, activated fibroblasts and increased amounts of collagen fibers. No obvious alterations were observed in cyclosporin A group. Conclusions The positive rate and the titer of antibody against M2-muscarinic receptor are obviously increased in the rat model of chronic cor pulmonale, which indicates that there is a relationship between the antibody against M2-muscarinic receptor and the pathogenesis of chronic cor pulmonale.

Objective: To investigate the awareness of nutrition and health knowledge among adult residents in Hangzhou City, so as to provide insights into improving human nutrition and health. Methods: The permanent residents at ages of 18 to 64 years were sampled using a multi-stage stratified random sampling method from 13 counties (districts) of Hangzhou City from June to July, 2021. Participants' demographics and awareness of nutrition and health knowledge were collected using the Questionnaire on Nutrition and Health Knowledge among Chinese Adult Residents, and the awareness of nutrition and health knowledge was analyzed among participants with different demographic features. Results: A total of 5 106 questionnaires were allocated, and 4 920 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 96.36%. The respondents included 2 575 men (52.34%) and 2 345 women (47.66%), and had a mean age of (39.89±12.85) years. The median score of nutrition and health knowledge was 67.50 (interquartile range, 16.50) points, and the awareness of nutrition and health knowledge was 24.49%, while the awareness of dietary recommendation, food characteristics, nutrition and disease, food choice and food safety was 15.89%, 16.77%, 54.17%, 26.36% and 60.69%, respectively. The awareness of nutrition and health knowledge was significantly lower among men than among women (21.01% vs. 28.32%, P<0.05), and among urban residents than among rural residents (22.94% vs. 27.34%, P<0.05). There were significant differences in the awareness of nutrition and health knowledge among residents in terms of age, occupation and educational level (P<0.05). Conclusions Age, gender, region, occupation and educational level may affect the awareness of nutrition and health knowledge among adult residents in Hangzhou City. Health education about nutrition and health knowledge requires to be reinforced with adaptations to characteristics of residents.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the plasma galectin-3 level and the severity of cerebral artery atherosclerosis as well as the prognosis of patients with large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) stroke.Methods According to the TOAST classification,105 patients with LAA stroke,50 patients with small artery occlusion (SAO) stroke,33 patients with asymptomatic cerebral artery stenosis,and 60 healthy controls were enrolled.The plasma galectin-3 level was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.According to the number of cerebral arteries with atherosclerosis,the LAA group was divided into single-branch lesions group (n =30),double-branch lesions group (n =30) and multi-branch lesions group (n =45).Plasma galectin-3 levels were compared among the three subgroups,and the associations between galectin-3 and the severity of cerebral atherosclerosis were analyzed.The LAA group patients were followed up for three months,and the value of galectin-3 on predicting the prognosis of patients with LAA stroke was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the modified Rankin scale (mRS) scores.Results The plasma galectin-3 level in LAA group ((13.64 ± 3.08) ng/ml) was significantly higher than in SAO group ((12.20 ± 2.88) ng/ml) and control group ((11.89 ± 2.93) ng/ml;t =2.790,3.617,P =0.006,0.000).Besides,the plasma galectin-3 level in asymptomatic stenosis group ((13.94 ± 2.89) ng/ml) was significantly higher than in SAO group and control group (t =2.695,3.238,P =0.009,0.002).However,the differences between asymptomatic stenosis group and LAA group,SAO group and control group were not statistically significant.In LAA group,the plasma galectin-3 level in multi-branch lesions group ((15.02 ±2.94) ng/ml) was significantly higher than in double-branch lesions group ((13.47 ± 2.88) ng,/ml) and single-branch lesions group ((11.73 ± 2.43) ng/ml;t =2.261,5.080,P =0.027,0.000).The plasma galectin-3 level in double-branch lesions group was significantly higher than in single-branch lesions group (t =2.532,P =0.014).The plasma galectin-3 level and the range of atherosclerosis and mRS scores were positively correlated (r =0.433,0.629;P =0.000,0.000).The area under the ROC curve of plasma galectin-3 level and prognosis was 0.812 (95％ CI O.726-0.897,P =0.000).Conclusions The plasma galectin-3 level was found associated with the severity of cerebral artery atherosclerosis,but not with acute onset of LAA and SAO stroke.Galectin-3 may be involved in the inflammatory pathogenesis and development of cerebral atherosclerosis,and may have the potential to become a plasma marker for evaluating the severity of cerebral artery atherosclerosis and judging the prognosis of patients with LAA stroke.

Objective To select the tag SNPs of TLR2 gene in the Chinese population with bioinformatics techniques.Methods We ascertained the assayed scope of the TLR2 gene with the aid of NCBI database and downloaded SNP genotype data of TLR2 gene in the Chinese population from Hapmap database.Then Haploview (version 4.0) was used to calculate linkage disequilibrium (LD) statistics.Haplotype blocks were constructed throughout the TLR2 gene according to the upper and lower 95% confidence bound of the D'value.Meanwhile,we selected the tag SNPs based on r~2 values and the LOD value between SNPs and picked up the representative haplotypes in accordance with the proportion of each haplotype in the haplotype blocks,respectively.Results We constructed 2 haplotype blocks within the TLR2 gene and selected 3 tag SNPs containing 3013 A/G,19216 T/C and 22215 G/T in the Chinese population.Meanwhile,we identified the representative haplotypes of which the tag SNP would be on behalf of every haplotype block.Conclusion The SNPs of 3013 A/G,19216 T/C and 22215 G/T,the most representative SNPs in the whole TLR2 gene in the Chinese population,could be selected as tag SNPs to guide their association studies between the TLR2 gene and sepsis.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases among farmers,land less peasants and urban population in a certain area of Anhui Province,to explore the relationship between the lifestyles of landless peasants and their chronic non-communicable diseases.Methods A total of 761 valid questionnaires were collected by cross-sectional epidemiological study,including 119 farmers,259 landless peasants and 383 urban groups.The enumeration data was analyzed by x2 test and the measurement data analyzed by variance.The risk of chronic non-communicable diseases in each group was analyzed by Logistic regressions.Results General demographic characteristics showed that there were differences in three groups of people in the respects of drinking,eating habits and physical activity and other lifestyles (all P ＜ 0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that the onset risk of hypertension and overweight obesity in the famer group and the landless peasant group was lower than that in the urban group,but higher than that in the peasant group.After adjusting for confounding factors,the prevalence of hypertension in the farmer group (OR =0.20,95％ CI:0.12-0.33) and the lost land group (OR =0.65,95％ CI:0.44-0.95) was lower than that in the urban group,the overweight obesity in the farmer group (OR =0.44,95％ CI:0.27-0.74) and the lost land group(OR =0.67,95％ CI:0.47-0.96) was lower than that in the urban group.The incidence of atherosclerosis in the farmer group (OR =2.48,95 ％ CI:1.45-4.23) and the lost land group(OR =2.00,95％ CI:1.33-3.02) was higher than that in the urban group.Conclusions The living style of landless peasants is different from those of rural group and urban group,and the incidence of hypertension and overweight obesity is higher than that of farmers.We should take interventions against chronic non-communicable diseases in landless peasants.

OBJECTIVETo detect the expression of cytokines by acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells before and after exposure to arsenic trioxide.

METHODSDiagnoses were performed according to the FAB cytological classification criteria and cytogenetic criteria. Bone marrow or blood samples from APL patients were collected in heparinized tubes, then primary APL cells were separated by traditional Ficoll-Hypaque density centrifugation and purified after adherence to plastic surfaces. IL-1(beta), IL-6, IL-8, TNF alpha and G-CSF levels in the leukemia cell culture supernatants were detected by ELISA. At the same time, nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction test was used to detect the differentiation of APL cells.

RESULTSAfter 96 hours exposure to arsenic trioxide, 10 - 6 mol/L in vitro or 10 mg/d in vivo, APL cells showed a significant increase of IL-1(beta) (P < 0.05) and G-CSF (P < 0.05) production, and a significant decrease of IL-6 (P < 0.05) and IL-8 (P < 0.05). However, there was no obvious variation of TNF alpha when compared with APL cells without exposure to arsenic trioxide. On the other hand, the proliferation ratio of APL cells in vitro was statistically correlated to the IL-1(beta) secretion ratio or G-CSF secretion ratio. The cell number ratio in patients with detectable IL-1(beta) or G-CSF was higher than that without detectable IL-1(beta) or G-CSF.

CONCLUSIONIL-1(beta) and G-CSF secretion may play an important role in the proliferation of APL cells after exposure to arsenic trioxide.

Arsenicals ; pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytokines ; secretion ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; secretion ; Humans ; Interleukin-1 ; secretion ; Interleukin-6 ; secretion ; Interleukin-8 ; secretion ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; metabolism ; Oxides ; pharmacology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; secretion

OBJECTIVETo investigate the anti-cancer effect of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) combined with doxorubicin and explore the mechanism.

METHODSHepatocellular cancer HepG2 cells exposed to LMWH, doxorubicin, or both were evaluated for cell viability with MTT assay and for changes in their migration ability using wound healing assay and Transwell migration assay. The changes in cellular expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and MMP-2 mRNA and proteins were analyzed with quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting, and ELISA was used to determine heparanase (HPA) concentration in the cell culture medium.

RESULTSHepG2 cells exhibited suppressed proliferation in response to LMWH and doxorubicin treatments. The combined treatment caused a significantly higher inhibition rate of cell migration than LMWH and doxorubicin alone. LMWH enhanced doxorubicin-induced down-regulation of MMP-9, MMP-2 and HPA in the cells.

CONCLUSIONSLMWH can enhance the inhibitory effect of doxorubicin on the migration of HepG2 cells, the mechanism of which may involve the down-regulation of MMP-9, MMP-2 and HPA expressions.

Cell Movement ; drug effects ; Cell Survival ; Down-Regulation ; Doxorubicin ; pharmacology ; Glucuronidase ; chemistry ; Hep G2 Cells ; Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; RNA, Messenger ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction

Objective:To compare the awakening effects of enriched environmental quantitative stimulation and conventional rehabilitation on patients with consciousness disorder after traumatic brain injury (TBI).Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 60 patients with consciousness disorder after TBI admitted to Hospital of Zhejiang Provincial Armed Police Corps from October 2021 to October 2022, including 38 males and 22 females, aged 26-72 years [(41.6±13.2)years]. The injury was located at the frontal and temporal lobe in 37 patients, at the brain stem in 9, and at the thalamus in 14. The types of injury included cerebral contusion and laceration in 36 patients and intracerebral hematomas in 24 patients. The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score on admission was 5-8 points in 11 patients, 9-12 in 34, and 13-15 in 15. Disease course was (19.2±5.4)days. A total of 30 patients received conventional rehabilitation treatment (conventional rehabilitation group) and 30 patients received enriched environmental quantitative stimulation on the basis of conventional rehabilitation treatment, which lasted 4 cycles in 28 days (quantitative stimulation group). The Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) score, Activities of Daily Living (ADL) score, and brainwave α/δ ratio (ADR) before treatment and at the second and fourth treatment cycles were compared between the two groups. The incidence of complications at the end of the fourth treatment cycle and the rate of favorable outcome of Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) at the last follow-up were compared between the two groups.Results:All the patients were followed up for 6-12 months [(8.3±2.5)months]. There were no significant differences in CRS-R score, ADL score, or brainwave ADR between the two groups before treatment ( P>0.05). At the second treatment cycle, they were (13.03±0.73)points, (14.83±0.95)points and 0.35±0.11 respectively in the quantitative stimulation group, which were all higher than those in the conventional rehabilitation group [(11.18±0.14)points, (8.74±0.43)points and 0.29±0.09 respectively] ( P<0.05). At the fourth treatment cycle, they were (17.83±0.23)points, (52.93±10.75)points and 0.44±0.11 respectively in the quantitative stimulation group, which were all higher than those in the conventional rehabilitation group [(13.67±0.35)points, (40.56±7.15)points and 0.37±0.07 respectively] ( P<0.05). The CRS-R score, ADL score, and brainwave ADR at the second treatment cycle were significantly higher than those before treatment, and they were even higher at the fourth treatment cycle than those at the second treatment cycle ( P<0.05). At the end of the fourth treatment cycle, the incidence of complications in the quantitative stimulation group was 13.3% (4/30), which was lower than that of the conventional rehabilitation group [36.7% (11/30)] ( P<0.05). At the last follow-up, the favorable outcome rate of GOS was 80.0% (24/30) in the quantitative stimulation group, which was superior to 66.7% (20/30) in the conventional rehabilitation group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Compared with the conventional rehabilitation treatment, enriched environmental quantitative stimulation for patients with consciousness disorder after TBI achieves enhanced consciousness level, activity of daily life and electroencephal reactivity, together with decreased incidence of complications and improved prognosis.

OBJECTIVETo compare the efficacy and toxicity of the chemotherapeutic regimen containing pirarubicin and mitoxantrone on the treatment of relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in adults.

METHODSIn this open prospective multicentre study, we randomly assigned patients with relapsed or refractory AML to receive TAE regimen (pirarubicin+cytarabine+etoposide) versus MAE regimen (mitoxantrone + cytarabine + etoposide). The efficacy and toxicity were compared between the two groups.

RESULTS56 patients entered this clinical trial. The complete remission (CR) rate on TAE arm was 79.0% versus 55.6% on MAE arm with the overall response (OR) rates of 86.8% versus 88.9%, respectively. The CR was higher on TAE arm (P=0.035) but with no significant difference between the two groups regarding the overall response (OR) rate. The regimens were well tolerated in both groups. Hematologic and non-hematologic toxicity were similar except relatively lower the mean dosage of G-CSF, red blood cells and platelets transfusion on TAE arm. No significant differences were seen between the two groups regarding the overall survival and relapse free survival rates.

CONCLUSIONTAE regimen might be an effective salvage therapy in patients with relapsed or refractory AML.

Adult ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Dactinomycin ; administration & dosage ; Doxorubicin ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; Etoposide ; administration & dosage ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; drug therapy ; Methotrexate ; administration & dosage ; Prospective Studies ; Recurrence ; Remission Induction