Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) and conventional-transbronchial needle aspiration (C-TBNA) in mediastinal and lung hilar lesions. Method 301 cases of lung hilar and mediastinal lesions were selected from 2010 to 2016. Among them, 183 cases underwent TBNA, and the other 118 cases received EBUS-TBNA technology. During the research, the associations of diagnostic positive rate and complications were analyzed in order to explore the advantage and the value of EBUS-TBNA. Results The positive rates of EBUS-TBNA in central groups (2R, 4L, 4R, 7) were higher than in the peripheral groups (10R, 10L, 11R, 11L) (P < 0.05). When studying the lymph node group 2R, 4R and 7R, the positive rate of EBUS-TBNA is much more significant than conventional TBNA (P < 0.05); When biopsying at the lymph node group R4 and group 7, one needle positive rate of EBUS-TBNA were much more superior than TBNA (P < 0.05), the three needles cumulative positive rate of EBUS-TBNA almost reach the total positive rate(P > 0.05), an approving effect of puncture can be acquired; The accuracy and sensitivity of EBUS-TBNA in the diagnosis of lung hilar and mediastinal lesions were much better than conventional TBNA (P < 0.05), especially the diagnostic positive rate of EBUS-TBNA in benign diseases was higher (P < 0.05); The complications rates in both two technologies were not significantly different (P > 0.05), there were no severe complications during the operations in all cases. Conclusion EBUS-TBNA is useful in diagnosis of mediastinal and hilar lesions of unknown reason, and significant in diagnosis of bronchial and extrabronchial diseases. It is an efficiency and safe operation while further application studies are needed.

Objective To evaluate the value of bronchoscope-guaided different combined interventions in the treatment of patients with malignant severe central airway stenosis.Methods A total of 48 patients with malignant severe central airway stenosis were selected and divided into group A treated with combined interventions including high-frequency electrotome + argon plasma coagulation (APC) + freezing (n =31),while another 17 with combined interventions including high-frequency electrotome + APC + freezing + tracheal stent implantation were designed as group B.The response rate (RR) after initial interventional treatment and the middle-and short-term clinical efficacy after 6-month follow up were observed,and corresponding complications and adverse events were recorded.Results The RR of all patients was 100％,in which group B was significantly better in the increase of airway diameter and increase rate of cross sectional area (CSA) (P ＜ 0.05),but was significantly lower in polypnea index than group A (P ＜ 0.05),but there was no significant difference between two groups in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) in the expected value (FEV1％)(P ＞0.05).During 6-month follow-up,there were significant differences in the average monthly interventional therapeutic frequency and average remission period between two groups (P ＜0.05).No patients had complications immediately after interventional process.During the 6-month follow-up,4 8 patients had different-degree chest pain,hemoptysis and retention of secretes.Conclusion Bronchoscope-guided different combined interventions have excellent efficacy in the treatment of patients with malignant severe central airway stenosis.

Objective To evaluate the value of bronchoscope-guaided different combined interventions in the treatment of patients with malignant severe central airway stenosis.Methods A total of 48 patients with malignant severe central airway stenosis were selected and divided into group A treated with combined interventions including high-frequency electrotome + argon plasma coagulation (APC) + freezing (n =31),while another 17 with combined interventions including high-frequency electrotome + APC + freezing + tracheal stent implantation were designed as group B.The response rate (RR) after initial interventional treatment and the middle-and short-term clinical efficacy after 6-month follow up were observed,and corresponding complications and adverse events were recorded.Results The RR of all patients was 100％,in which group B was significantly better in the increase of airway diameter and increase rate of cross sectional area (CSA) (P ＜ 0.05),but was significantly lower in polypnea index than group A (P ＜ 0.05),but there was no significant difference between two groups in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) in the expected value (FEV1％)(P ＞0.05).During 6-month follow-up,there were significant differences in the average monthly interventional therapeutic frequency and average remission period between two groups (P ＜0.05).No patients had complications immediately after interventional process.During the 6-month follow-up,4 8 patients had different-degree chest pain,hemoptysis and retention of secretes.Conclusion Bronchoscope-guided different combined interventions have excellent efficacy in the treatment of patients with malignant severe central airway stenosis.