Compelling evidences have shown that various types of cancer,including hepatocellular carcinoma,are originated from stem cells.The occurrenee,chemoresistance,metastasis and recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma are associated with a small population of cells called cancer ster cells.Although the origin of hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatic cancer stem cells remain controversial after a decade of intensive investigation,increasing scholars tend to believe that hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatic cancer stem cells can derive from malignant transformation of hepatic stem cells being exposed to various kinds of carcinogens.In this review,we mainly focus on the recent progress on malignant transformation of hepatic stem cells.

Objective:To investigate the effects of extraction orthodontic treatment on the upper airway dimensions in young adult patients with malocclusion,and to evaluate the relationship between changes in the craniofacial morphology,position of incisor and upper airway dimensions.Methods:26 patients with upper and lower first premolar extraction and 21 patients without extraction were recruited.Cephalometry and dental cast analysis were performed pretreatment and posttreatment.Results:No statistical difference was found in the parameters of the upper airway dimensions in both non-extraction group and extraction group after treatment.In linear correlation analysis,SPAS was positively correlated with cephalometric variables U1-Y and L1-Y.MAS and IAS was positively correlated with cephalometric variables SNB,U1-Y and L1-Y.The multiple regression analysis revealed that the change of U1-Y had a significant positive effect on SPAS and IAS,and the change of L1-Y also had a significant positive effect on SPAS and MAS.Conclusion:The upper airway dimensions can not be altered during extraction orthodontic treatment,while the changes of incisors are significant associated with the change of the upper airway dimensions.

Objective To study the proliferation and differentiation patterns of hepatic stem cells from mice cultured in vitro isolated identify their characteristics.Methods Mice were divided into 5 groups according to the pregnant (embryo days,ED13,ED15 and ED18) or born age (day0 and 3).Hepatic stem cells were isolated and cultured in vitro.The amount of the stem cells as well as their growing situation and differentiation pattern were observed and compared among different groups and markers of stem cells (CD117,CD90.1,CD49f,c-Met),hepatic cells(AFP) were used to identify the cultures.Resulls The cells with best situation of growing as colonies were obtained from ED15 group.Their expression of specific markers suggested that they were hepatic stem cells.The stem cells isolated from ED15 mice in subculturing proliferated in line pattern and differentiated in reverse line pattern.The expression of AFP varied as normal distribution as cell differentiation development.Conclusion Most cells have characteristics of hepatic stem cells isolated from fetal liver and the number of these cells decreases gradually as embryo duration prolongs.The hepatic stem cells proliferate in line pattern and differentiate into hepatic cells after in vitro culture.

Objective To construct a sequence tag library of HepG2 cells by serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE). Methods Total RNA of HepG2 cells was extracted using a Trizol agent. The double strand cDNA were reverse-translated from mRNA which was isolated from total RNA. According to the protocol of SAGE, a sequence tag library of HepG2 cells was constructed. The transcript, which was represented by each tag, was analyzed by consulting the GenBank and UniGene, and the abundance of the tags was analyzed by SAGE analysis software. Results A total of 14 181 SAGE tags out of 15 586 tags were steadily and effectively amplified and the lengths of the tags were between 200-3000 bp. After sequence analysis of the tags, 2023 specific genes were revealed. Conclusions The use of improved reverse transcription agent kit may guarantee obtaining the full length cDNA, which provides materials for the construction of SAGE library. SAGE is a powerful method to investigate the gene expression profile, and it establishes a foundation for gene researches.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of Yiqing capsules and Cefaclortablets in the treatment of simplex anaphylactoid purpura. Methods In this randomized,simple-blind, controlled study, all of 191 simplex anaphylactoid purpura patients,the throat secretion Group A βhemolytic streptococci antigen test was positive ,92 patients of control group were treated Cefaclor tablets and regular treatment,99 patients of test group were Yiqing capsules and Cefaclor tablets. Results After 10 days treatment,the clinical efficacy of the test group and the control group were 91.9% ,75.0% ,the test group was obviously higher than that of the control group(P ＜ 0.01), and the negative rate of the throat secretion Group A βhemolytic Streptococci antigen test of the test group was higher than that of control group, (P ＜0.01). the commencements of response of the test group was earlier than that of the control group(P ＜0. 01) ,the frequencies of recurrence of the test group were lower than that of the control group (P ＜ 0. 05).Conclusion Yiqing capsules combined cefaclor in treatment of simplex allergic purpura could improve efficacy, and reduce the treatment time.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adipose Tissue ; injuries ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Massage ; Young Adult

Objective:To compare the accuracy of renal calyceal fornix puncture and complication between non-vascular contrast-enhanced ultrasound (NV CEUS) and conventional ultrasound guided in percutanous nephrolithotomy for nephrolithiasis patients with slight or no hydronephrosis.Methods:This randomized controlled trial was conducted in nephrolithiasis patients with slight or no hydronephrosis in our hospital from May 2018 to June 2019. The patients were randomized to receive NV CEUS or conventional ultrasound guided PCNL.Inclusion criteria: age 18-70 years old and nephrolithiasis patients with slight or no hydronephrosis. Exclusion criteria: pregnant women, functional solitary kidney, abnormal anatomy or high-risk of intestinal injury, acute urinary tract infection, coagulation dysfunction or taking drugs that affect blood coagulation, heart failure, severe arrhythmia or other high-risk diseases, abnormal renal function (SCR > 1.2-fold upper limit), or severe obesity (BMI>40 kg/m 2). Patients in both groups underwent anterorenal pyelography of renal fistula. Data of the study were recorded: the decrease in hemoglobin, the puncture time, the success rate of one needle puncture, the time of hospital stay, the stone for free, and postoperative renal fistula anterograde pyelography to confirm whether the puncture was performed through the calyces. Results:A total of 48 patients were enrolled, 24 patients in each group, the preoperative parameters were comparable between the two groups(all P>0.05). The puncture accuracy of calyces fornix in experimental group and control group was 87.50%(21/24) and 41.67%(10/24), respectively.The hemoglobin drop was 2.0(0.0, 12.0) and 14.0(7.0, 17.0) g/L, the puncture time was 40.0(28.5, 53.0) and 70.0 (55.5, 84.5) seconds, and the success rate of one needle puncture was 95.83%(23/24) and 75%(18/24). The differences between the two groups were statistically significant (all P<0.05). No blood transfusion, interventional embolization, septic shock and other serious infection complications were found in the two groups. Conclusions:For nephrolithiasis patients with slight or no hydronephrosis, NV CEUS guided can significantly improve the accuracy of calyx vault puncture, shorten the puncture time and reduce bleeding compared with conventional ultrasound guided PCNL.

Objective To summarize the management experiences of pancreatic injuries during laparoscopic urologic surgery.Methods From June 2003 to August 2008,395 laparoscopic operations for upper urinary or adrenal diseases were performed.4 cases of pancreatic injuries which all occurred in left side introperiotoneal procedures were identified with the incidence of 1%.2 men and 2women were involved with the mean age of 45.3(range 32~76y).2 injuries occurred during left radical nephrectomy and 2 during left adrenalectomy.All the injuries located at tail of pancreas with transaction injuries in 2 cases,and mild laceration in 2 cases.Only 1 case had received open surgery for pancreatic debridement,another 3 cases had received clamp and endo-GIA occlusion laparoscopically with local styptic powder aspersing and drainage.Absolute diet,gastrointestinal decompression,,transvenous-use of Somatostatin and hyperalimentation were given routinely.Results The mean blood,urine and drainage fluid diastase that were(648?136)U、(1278.6?368.4)U and(1368.5?428.2)U respectively elevated in all 4 cases postoperatively.Only 1 case had high fever and blood WBC after operation.The mean drainage and hospital stay was 14.2 and 24.6 days.No sequelae was found.Conclusion The tail of pancreas is the most predilecting location of pancreatic injury in laparoscopic urological surgery.The key of ensuring a good prognosis is early detection and suitable management.A severe laceration of the main excretory pancreatic duct need a open surgical management,conservative managements are suitable for a small tear and mild contusion of pancreas.

Objective To study the effects of olanzapine on glucolipid metabolism,liver function and prolactin level in childhood onset schizophrenia(COS) to provide reference for clinical medication.Methods Thirty-eight patients with COS aged 13-17 years old were treated with olanzapine for at least two weeks.The changes of body mass,alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase (AST),total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG),glucose (GLU) and prolactin (PRL) were detected and compared between before and after treatment.Results The body mass after medication in children patients was significantly increased,average increase by (3.50-t-1.90)kg (P＜0.01).The levels of ALT,AST,TC,TG and PRL after treatment were higher than before treatment (P＜0.05).However,there was no statistically significant difference in blood GLU level between before and after treatment(P=0.598).The body mass change before and after treatment was positively correlated with ALT and AST levels(r=0.366,0.377,P＜0.05);whereas the PRL level before and after treatment was negatively correlated with the body mass change (r=-0.432,P＜0.01).Conclusion Olanzapine can lead to the body weight gain and increase of ALT,AST,TC,TG and PRL levels in COS patients.

With the continuous development of the cancer stem cell theory,biomarkers for CSCs (Cancer stem cells) have gradually become the hot issues in tumor research.As the most commonly used CSCs biomarker,CD44 gains lots of attentions.This paper will review recent research about CD44 molecule and its powerful role in regulating tumor progenesis and progression.