Long segmental fixation with TSRH posterior instrumentation for 19 patients who had unstable thoracolumbar fracture was performed between October 1992 and April 1995. The patients were followed for an average of 22 months. Measurements of the deformity angle, kyphosis, vertebral height, and the intervertebral angle were made. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to configurations of instruments for lower segmental fixation. For one group, only hooks were used, and for the others group pedicular screws and lateral offset hooks were used together at the same segment. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to anlyze the correctability following long segmental fixation and to compare one segmental fixation using both screws and lateral offset hook systems with two segmental fixation using hook systems for distal fixation. There was an overall correction of kyphosis at follow-up of 6.9degrees (27.1%) after a loss of 4.3degrees from operative correction. Overall correction of deformity angle was 8.2degrees (32.2%). Loss of vertebral height at final follow-up was 4.4%. And loss of intervertebral angle was 2.0degrees at follow-up. There was no difference of overall results between the hook group and the pedicular screw with lateral offset hook group. However, there was a significant improvement of the correction of kyphosis and restoration of vertebral height in patients who underwent operation within 7 days after injury, as compared to delayed operation. Therefore, the timing of surgery is the most important factor in order to correct the deformity caused by unstable thoracolumbar fractures. There was no significant loss of correction and no metallic failure. Therefore, rodding long with the method of one segment distal fixation using screws and lateral offset hook together can provide excellent correctability, maintenance of correction, preservation of distal lumbar joints, prevention of implant failure and complication.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Joints ; Kyphosis

No abstract available.
Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Classification*

Hand dermatitis of silk industry workers had been a troublesome problern for a long time. It was said the cause was due to toxic reaction by denatured pupae and physical reaction from high water temperaturc. During Augnst and September 1973, patch test was performed with pupa and cocoon to 680 workers in 4 separate silk factories in order to persue the factors which may cause their hand dermatitis. Among 475 workers who had performed first patch test, only 12 workers in one of four factories showed positive reaction in pupa and we came to know that only that factory had used formalin in order to protect denaturation of pupae and cocoons. Second patch test with pupa and 1% formalin was repeated to 130 subjects including 6 of 12 positive cases in the first pateh test. Five Subjects shosved positive reaction in pupa, also 5 in 1% formalin and 2 of them showed positive reaction in both pupa and 1% formalin. In the second patch test, 3 of 6 who had been positive in pupa at first patch test were positive at pupa. It seemed to be that toxic or allergic theory is not enough to explain clearly the cause of hand dermatitis in silk industry workers. Further stucly is necessarv to elucidate how the silk fiber, water temperature and parasites in the pupa and cocoon contribute to the hand dermmatitis.
Dermatitis ; Formaldehyde ; Hand ; Parasites ; Patch Tests* ; Pupa ; Silk*

No abstract available.
Cardiovascular Diseases* ; Thyroid Gland*

Dermabrasion involves the removal of the epidermis and the upper dermis by means of a motor-driven rotary abrasive instrument or a brush using ethyl chloride or dichlorotetrafluoroethane(Freon) as the evaporative refrigerant-anesthetic. Kurtin(1952) developed this refrigeration-abrasion method and named it skin planing. The technique of skin planing was introduced to Korea in early 1960s and it was extensively used for corrective surgery of scar induced by small pox until early 1970s. The indication for dermabrasion includes correction of scars, prophylaxis and correction of aging of the skin, removal of congenital nevoid anomalies, malignant and benign skin tumors, tattoos and others. The authors dermabased the cutaneous lesions of xeroderma pigmentosum, angiofibroma (adenoma sebaseum), nevus sebaceus of Jadassohn, epidermal verrucous nevus and linear porokeratosis, using Stryker' pneumatic powered dermabrader, with successful results. The technique of dermabrasion and the literature were briefly reviewed.
Aging ; Angiofibroma ; Cicatrix ; Dermabrasion* ; Dermis ; Epidermis ; Ethyl Chloride ; Korea ; Nevus, Sebaceous of Jadassohn ; Porokeratosis ; Skin ; Skin Diseases* ; Xeroderma Pigmentosum

Wilson disease gene (WND) locus is presumed to be located in chromosome 13q. There are studies on the clinical heterogeneities and variations between ethnic groups in Europe, North America, and the Middle East and it requires the study of another ethnic group, especially Asian population for the confirmation. This study was an anlysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism of the Wilson's disease with the probes on D13S26, D13S31, and D13S59, The subject was 34 persons of seven families. The serum ceruloplasmin and the serum copper were also measured. The results were as follows: 1) The Wilson disease gene was also presumed to be located in chromosome 13q area in Korean patients and D13S25, D13S26, D13S31 and D13S59 gene loci were also linked to Wilson disease of Koreans. The lod score of D13S25 was 1.45 (theta =0: D13S59, 1.13 (theta =0): D13S26, 247 (theta =0). 2) Three siblings of Wilson disease patients were diagnosed as carriers by the analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism. 3) In Wilson disease patients, the serum ceruloplasmin and copper was 6.8+/1.8dl, and 64.7+/-38.6microg/dl respectively and it is 18.8+/-6.1 mg/dl and 65.3+/-10.6microg/dl respectively in heterozygotes.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Ceruloplasmin ; Copper ; Ethnic Groups ; Europe ; Genetic Linkage* ; Hepatolenticular Degeneration* ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Lod Score ; Middle East ; North America ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Siblings

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Nodule* ; Ultrasonography*

BACKGROUND: There are reviews with regard to the treatment of pigmented nevi present on the palms, soles, and genitalia. One advocated that pigmented nevi on thesa locations should be prophylactically removed to avoid their tuture development into malignant melanoma, while the other believes that this is not practicable. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine the incidence rates and clinical characteristics and to discuss the management of pigrnented nevi, developed on these areas of the Korean men. METHOD: We examined 1,537 Korean men, between 19 and 21 rears old, to evaluate the pigmented nevi on their palms, soles, and genitalia. RESULTS: Atleast 1 pigmented nevus appeared in 314(20.4%) men on the palms, 189(12.3%) on the soles, and 117(7.6%) on the genitalia. The sizes(mean diameter) of nevi on genitalia, soles, and palms were 4.5mm, 3.1mm, and 2.3mm respectively. The color of the nevi was darkest on the penile shaft(4.3 point) and then glans penis(3.9 points), soles(3.2 points), palms(2.5 points) in decreasing orders of the points. Most of the nevi was consistent with type 1 by Levers clinical classification and their incidence were 357 on palms, 211 on soles, and 128 on genitalia. Among the 21 nevi of type 2, 13 nevi appeared on the soles, and noine of type 3 and type 5 were found. The distribution of the nevi on the palms was of a rather uniform and scattered pattern, whereas, on the soles, they were distinctly concentrated in the midfoot. Tkie nevi on the glans penis appeared larger and more irregular in outline than those on the penile shaft. CONCLUSION: The plantar nevi were larger, darker, and had greater incidence of elevated type compared with the palmar nevi. From this observation, particular attenticn should be paid to the presence of pigmented nevi on the soles.
Classification ; Genitalia* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Melanoma ; Nevus* ; Nevus, Pigmented ; Penis

To determine the types of metabolic a cidosis using anion gap in acute infantile diarrhea and to correlate it with clinical outcome, we examined 103 infants admitted with acute diarrhea. The serum electrolytes (sodium, potassium, chloride, phosphorus), creatinine, CO2 content and anion gap were measued on first admission day. They were classified group A with normal anion gap (8~16mEq/L) and group B with increased anion gap (>16mEq/L). The results were as follows. 1) The number of group A with normal anion gap (11.6+/-3.3mEq/L) was 62 and the number of group B with incresed anion gap(21.1+/-5.5mEq/L) was 38. 2) The duration of diarrhea was significantly prolonged in group B (9.0+/-2.5 days), compared with group A (5.9+/-1.1 days)(p<0.001). 3) The duration of admission was significantly prolonged in group B(5.6+/-2.2 days), compared with group A (4.+/-01.4days)(p<0.001). 4) Infants in group B, compared with group A, were significantly more severe dehydrated (p.
Acid-Base Equilibrium ; Acidosis* ; Creatinine ; Diarrhea ; Diarrhea, Infantile* ; Electrolytes ; Humans ; Infant ; Potassium