No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Constriction, Pathologic*

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Dental Pulp Cavity* ; Humans ; Incisor*

The measurement of the relative X-ray abssorption coefficient (CT No.) and the size of the lesion on CT ishighly valuable in the diagnosis of the certain disease, guide to treatment planning, and follow-up of patientunder treatment. But as the CT is a synthetic image, CT No. and size displayed in CT are greatly influenced byvarious factors such as KVp, slice thickness, scan time, CT No. of the surrounding, geometry of lesion in gantry,window width(W.W) and window level(W.L) etc. The study was performed ot evaluate the accuracy and error range ofthe CT measurement, including CT No. and size affected by various conditons using phantom model designed byauthor., Author also propose the optimum window width and window level for measurement of real size on CT. Theresulsts are as follows; 1. The CT No. of the lesion increases as the CT N. of surround increase if the CT No. ofthe lesion is below-100 H.U., while the CT No. of the lesion decreases as the CT No. of surround increases if theCT No. of the lesion is above 900 H.U. 2. The CT No. increases as photon influx (mAs) during scan increases. The higher the CT No. of the lesion, the greater the degree of increases are. 3. If the CT No. of the lesion is greater than that of surround, the size of the lesion increases as window level decreases. The narrower the windowwidth, the larger the difference between the maximum and minimum value of measurement and the steeper the slope ofchange is. 4. The window width affects the size if the measured size is sufficiently different from the true size.5. The greater the difference between the CT No. of the lesion and that of surround, the greater the differencebetweeen the maximum and minimum value of measurement. and as the CT No. of surround increases, the differencebetween the minimum and maximum value also increases. 6. The optimal window width and level for size measurementareas follows; Soft tissue
Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies

Various measurements of cerebral ventricles in 50 normal newborn infants were performed, using ultrasonography. In transverse scan using linear array real-time scanner with 3 MHz transducer, the ratio of the distance between the falx and lateral wall of lateral ventricle to the hemispheric width was measured, In coronal scan through the anterior fontanelle using gray scale B-mode scanner with 5 MHz trand ucer, the ratios of the bifrontal diameter of the lateral ventricles to externally measured biparietal diameter and to head circumference were measured. Width of frontal horn at 5mm distance from the lateral end of frontal horn was also measured. In addition, the presence of cavum septi pellucidi was investigated in coronal scan. The result are as follows; 1. The lateral ventricle/hemispheric width ratio in transverse scan was 0.31±0.03. 2. Bifrontal diameter of lateralventricle/biparietal diameter ratio was 0.20±0.02 and bifrontal diameter of lateral ventricle/head circumference ration was 0.054±0.006. 3. Width of frontal horn was about 1mm and maximum width was 2 mm. 4. There was no significant difference in ventricular size between male and female, and among different gestation ages. 5. Cavumsepti pellucidi was found in 44 neonates (88%) among 50 normal neonates in coronal scan.
Animals ; Cerebral Ventricles ; Cranial Fontanelles ; Female ; Head ; Horns ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Lateral Ventricles ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Transducers ; Ultrasonography

A case of a pleomorphic giant cell tumor of the pnacreas in a 54 year old man is presented. It produced hugecystic mass in the pancreatic area ultrasonographically. Also multiple loculated pancreatic pseudocyst andmultiple low densities in liver were presented in CT. Pathologically this case was a form of giant cell carcinomawhich was called as epulis-osteoid type, but the osteiod component in this case was not conspicuous.
Carcinoma, Giant Cell ; Giant Cell Tumors ; Giant Cells ; Liver ; Pancreas ; Pancreatic Pseudocyst

OBJECTIVES: We used a questionnaire to measure the oral health literacy of Korean adults. We then evaluated the validity and reliability of the questionnaire. METHODS: This questionnaire was developed using a literacy assessment tool from the National Institute of Korean Language, Republic of Korea. The survey was composed of instructions for dental treatment and oral health information. The components were sub-classified into three cognitive processes (realistic, deductive, and critical domains). Of the 337 university students who received the questionnaire, 84.3 percent responded. We calculated the reliability of the questionnaire using Cronbach's α, to assess the item discrimination and difficulty as well as effectiveness of distracters. RESULTS: We found that the reliability of the 24 items in the questionnaire was 0.89. The mean item discrimination and difficulty values were 0.53 and 0.71. The percentage of correct answers was higher than the effectiveness of the distracters in all items. The mean number of answers to the oral health information data (72.1) was higher than that to dental treatment instructions (63.9). The mean number of answers to the items in the realistic domain (76.1) was higher than that to the items in the deductive (69.4) and critical (65.9) domains. Neither gender nor university major had a significant effect on the percentage of correct answers. CONCLUSIONS: Sixty percent of university students were found to have the government-recommended level of oral literacy. Therefore, better oral health education is required to ensure that all individuals meet government-recommended levels.
Adult* ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Education ; Humans ; Literacy* ; Oral Health* ; Reproducibility of Results ; Republic of Korea

No abstract available.
Humans ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory* ; Peritonitis*

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to develop and appraise an oral health literacy assessment tool for upper elementary school students. METHODS: Twenty-eight preliminary assessment items were developed on the basis of various types of oral health education literature for children. They contained verbal and functional sections and they were classified into 2 cognitive processes (literal and inferential). The questionnaires were analyzed using the testAn v.1.0 program for identified Cronbach's α, item discrimination, and difficulty through classical test theory. A final evaluation tool was developed and selected by conducting three surveys and 20 items. RESULTS: The final survey was completed by 132 fifth and sixth grade elementary school students in Seoul. The Cronbach's α value, item discrimination, and difficulty were .71, .38, and .75, respectively. The mean score for oral health literacy of children was 14.9 (±3.2, theoretical range: 0-20, 75% correct answers). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that this tool could be relied on to help determine the level of oral health literacy in children and in preparing appropriate oral health education programs for children.
Child ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Education ; Humans ; Literacy* ; Oral Health* ; Seoul