The histopathological observation was made on 48 cases of benign prostatic hypertrophy which had been admitted to the Department of Urology, Chung-Ang University Hospital from January, 1971 to December, 1981. The results were as follows: 1. Histopathologically the fibromyoadenomatous type was 22 cases (45.8%) and the fibroadenomatous type 17 cases (35.4%), the fibromuscular type 9 cases (16.7%), muscular type 1 case (2.1%). There was no special difference between each histopathological type in age distribution. 2. Mean size of removed prostatic tissue was 81.1cm3 in fibroadenomatous type, 71.8cm3 in fibromyoadenomatous type, 25.0cm3 in muscular type, 20.0cm3 in fibromuscular type. The type of which weight was more than 50 gm was fibromyoadenomatous type. 3. Additional lesion such as inflammation, infarction or cancer was notedin I6 cases (31.9%). Inflammatory Change were present in 4 cases of fibromyoadenomatous hyperplasia and in 3 cases of fibroadenomatous hyperplasia. Infarction was seen in 2 cases of fibromyoadenomatous hyperplasia and in 1 case of fibromuscular hyperplasia. Latent cancer was found in 2 cases of fibromyoadenomatous hyperplasia and in 2 cases of fibroadenomatous hyperplasia. Inflammatory changes and latent cancer were present only in adenomatous hyperplasia and infarction in fibromuscular hyperplasia.
Age Distribution ; Hyperplasia ; Infarction ; Inflammation ; Prostatic Hyperplasia* ; Urology

A number of tissues have been studied in the past with respect to their organ-specific antigens. In many instances it has been possible to produce autoantibodies against characteristic components. The testis, epididymis, and seminal plasma have been largely explored from this angle. Interest in the field of accessory glands began many years ago, when the first cross-reactions between extracts of prostate, seminal vesicles and seminal plasma were demonstrated. As a consequence, the possibility that some seminal plasma antigens might be present in the accessory glands before being secreted into the genital tract opened up a new approach to possible autoimmunologic damage of these glands and of seminal spermatozoa as well. The purpose of this study is made to observe the effect of homologous epididymal extracts on the spermatogenesis in mouse. Isoimmunization with extracts of mouse epididymis, administered with complete Freund`s adjuvant, has been performed in this study.The results were as follows: 1. The histological observations revealed that spermatogenesis was adversely affected by the immunization with homologous epididymal extract added with an equal amount of complete Freund's adjuvant for 6 weeks. It was observed that spermatogenesis was remarkably impaired in the experimental group whereas it was unaffected in the control group of male mouse. The results further indicated that the degeneration and exfoliation were found in the germinal cell of seminiferous tubules and in the epithelium of the epididymal ducts besides intercanalicular infiltration of m0nonuclear round cells. 2. The cross-reactions between extracts of epididymis and testicular tissues were demonstrated in mouse. 3. The immunological examination such as immune diffusion test and sperm agglutination test showed negative reaction on all of the experimental animals in this study. Therefore. the immunological change in this experiments seems to be caused by cell mediated immunity.
Animals ; Autoantibodies ; Diffusion ; Epididymis ; Epithelium ; Freund's Adjuvant ; Humans ; Immunity, Cellular ; Immunization ; Male ; Mice* ; Prostate ; Semen ; Seminal Vesicles ; Seminiferous Tubules ; Sperm Agglutination ; Spermatogenesis* ; Spermatozoa ; Testis

No abstract available.
Dialysis* ; Korea*

No abstract available.
Dialysis* ; Korea*

Although recently, there have been introduced many new diagnostic tools such as renal scanning and renogram, intravenous urogram remains to be one of the most useful method of urological diagnosis. Therefore it seems warranted to review 363 cases of intravenous urograms performed in the department of urology, St. Mary's hospital, Catholic Medical College during the period of January, 1962 to June, 1964. Among others, especial attention was paid to 60 cases of nonvisualizing kidneys. Of 60 nonvisualizing kidneys, renal tuberculosis occupied 27 cases(45%); ureteral and renal stones 13(21.6%); hydronephrosis 9(15%) (metastatic carcinoma 6(10%)and surgical manipulation 3(5%); Wilms' tumor 5 (8.3%) chronic atrophic pyelonephritis 3(5%) ; One case each of renal cell carcinoma, cystic kidney and thrombosis of the renal artery. Inasmuch as the present study revealed renal tuberculosis to be the most common cause of nonvisualizing kidneys, it is felt that one should always consider the possibility of tuberculosis in the diagnosis of nonvisualizing kidneys in Korea. This fact should be stressed because nontuberculous pathology such as chronic pyelonephritis has been implicated to be the most frequent cause of nonvisualizing kidneys by American authors.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Diagnosis ; Hydronephrosis ; Kidney Diseases, Cystic ; Kidney* ; Korea ; Pathology ; Pyelonephritis ; Radiography* ; Renal Artery ; Thrombosis ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Renal ; Ureter ; Urology ; Wilms Tumor

The detection of renal disorders now involves a series of complicated diagnostic procedure such as radiologic pyelography, function studies in laboratory and others These add up to a painful, expensive, and time consuming experience for the patient, others may be spared the discomfort of unnecessary. Consequently, the development of methods for preliminary screening of patients is significant both with regard to the diagnostic information obtained and to the selection of those patients requiring complete urologic work up. In particular, a reliable screening test is important in establishing or ruling out renal pathology as an underlying factor in hypertension the finding of a disorder of one kidney in the hypertensive patient may be at indication for nephrectomy or other surgical measures of renal artery. A positive preliminary investigation warrants precise diagnosis by aortography and confirmation by individual renal clearance tests. Finally the primary objective of the screening test is the restriction of more exacting procedures such as aortography with its inherent risk of serious complications to the preoperative evaluation of a demonstrated lesions. The visualization of an internal structure by determining the spatial distribution of a gamma radiation-emitting isotope was started in 1950 when Cassen and his associates utilized newly developed scintillation counters to print mechanically the spatial distribution of radioactive iodine in the thyroid gland. Visual and functional informations referable to each kidney separately may be obtained by radioisotopes and tracer or by scanning techniques rapidly and without trauma. The renogram or tracing of the renal uptake and excretion of a labeled contrast medium is a clinically useful measure of renal vascularity, tubular cell function, and the patency of the upper urinary passage, and especially valuable as a screening test for the hypertensive patient with suspected unilateral disease of the kidney. Similarly, scanning images are achieving an important place in medical diagnosis of irregularities effecting the kidneys and other specific organs. Radioactive contrast media, such as I131 labeled diodrast, miokon, Urokon, or hippuran have been widely used for renal function studies. They are entirety unsatisfactory, however, for renal scintillation scanning because they are rapidly excreted by the kidneys without retention in the renal parenchyma in contrast but mercurial diuretics labeled with radioactive mercury are concentrated to a high degree in the renal tubular cells, chiefly in the cortex, prior to their appearance in the urine (Borghgraef 1956.MaAfee and Wagner 1960). Following the report of these letter writers, scintillation scanning of the kidney after the intravenous injection of Hg Neohydrin have been widely used in urological clinics for preliminary screening method of renal disease such as delineating the parenchyma of the kidney and space-occupying lesions by Krevitz, Berk, and others(Reley, Blahd, Mins, Morgan, Kuhl, Bender, Simmons, Blau, Kim) and remained several problems which is anticipated to improvements in resolution for further using of renal scan. The main purposes of this experimental study were: 1) to learn at which period of time it is best to visualize the renal parenchyma following the intravenous administration of Hg Neohydrin, 2) to learn the minimal detectable size of space-occupying lesion within the kidney phantom, and 3) to compare the renal scan with aortography and pyelography on various period of hydronephrosis for visualization of renal parenchyma, 4) to compare the renal scan with aortography on various degree of narrowing of the renal artery for visualization of renal parenchyma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: These experiments have been performed on 17 normal adult mongrel dogs anesthetized with intravenous injection of sodium amycal. Ofthese 3 dogs were used for determining the optimal time of visualization of the renal parenchyma. 8 dogs for the visualization of the parenchyma of hydronephrotic kidneys as created by partial ligation of the left ureter for the period of 1. 2. 3 and 4 weeks as devided in 4 groups, and 6 dogs were used for the visualization of the narrowed renal artery produced by partial obstruction to various degrees. A wax phantom of the kidney was utilized for the study of detectable minimal size of the intrarenal space occupying lesion, the phantom measures 12.5 X 6.2 X 3.5cm. All animals underwent renal scintiacan received 80 microcuri of Hg neohydrin intravenously, they were placed in a prone position and the study was carried out using a Nuclear-Chicago dual scanner with a 62-hole coarse focusing collimator containing a 3x3 inch sodium iodide crystal, the collimator was passed back and forth over the target are at a rate of 12-15cm, per minute. The scan usually required 30 minutes for complete of scan. The pyelography was performed in retrograde way with 30% diodrast injected through ureteral catheter and the amount of dye injected was adjusted to replace the urine from renal pelvis. The aortography was performed by transfemoral arterial catheterization technique as described by Seldinge. RESULTS: 1. The optimal opacification period of renal parenchyma after injection of Hg 203 neohydrin was found to range from 1 to 6 hours 2. By kidney phantom study it was demonstrated that the space-occupying lesion measuring 2cm. in diameter can not be detected on scan. While the lesion measuring 3cm, or more can be successfully visualized. 3. The effect of partial obstruction of the ureter upon the renal scintiscan for visualization of renal parenchyma was not. dependable, the renal scintiscan continued to appear up to at least the 2 weeks after partial obstruction of ureter whereas the retrogredepyelography and aortography showed the definite picture of hydronephrosis to various degree. 4. The renal scan is inconsistent in many instances of renal artery stenosis, the scan showed a diminished concentration of mercury in the kidney with stenotic main renal artery and complete failure of visualization of the renal substance in cases with completely obstructed renal artery. 5. It is possible to demonstrate the value and usefulness of renal scan of Hg neohydrin as a routine preliminary screening test for renal pathology, the alteration of the concentration of the mercury can might be expected to give additional information.
Administration, Intravenous ; Adult ; Animals ; Aortography ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Contrast Media ; Diagnosis ; Diuretics ; Dogs* ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Hypertension ; Injections, Intravenous ; Iodine ; Iodopyracet ; Kidney ; Kidney Pelvis ; Ligation ; Mass Screening ; Nephrectomy ; Pathology ; Prone Position ; Radioisotopes ; Renal Artery ; Renal Artery Obstruction ; Scintillation Counting ; Sodium ; Sodium Iodide ; Thyroid Gland ; Ureter ; Urinary Catheters ; Urography

A relatively rare and puzzling tumor of the testicular tunic is reported. The tumor, so called a fibrous pseudotumor of testicular tunics, in presented because of the clinical dilemma this rare entity causes urologists and pathologists. This report demonstrates the necessity for familiarity with testicular pseudotumors in order to avoid an unnecessary orchiectomy.
Orchiectomy ; Recognition (Psychology)

A clinical case of huge hemangioma of the left kidney is reported. The pathologic findings are described. A considerably greater incidence of left kidney involvement was found in review of the literature, including our case. The present case is the eighty-eight such occurrence recorded.
Hemangioma* ; Incidence ; Kidney*

Protermycin, the first molecular synthetic of tetracycline and chloramphenicol, has been given trial in 28 patients: acute gonococcal urethritis 10, nongonococcal urethritis 7, acute cystitis 6, chancroid 1 and postoperative cases 4. The doses ranged from 300 to 600 me daily. From this study, it was found that Protermycin proved itself to be most effective in nongonococcal urethritis which could not be treated satisfactorily by other antibiotics. Of 28 cases, 25 showed good result. The remaining 3 cases failed to respond.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Chancroid ; Chloramphenicol ; Cystitis ; Humans ; Tetracycline ; Urethritis

63 of 348 patients patch tested with an European standard series, had positive reaction to either a fragrance mix or Balsam of Peru. Twelve showed positiv reaction to bot,h patches. The number of positive patch tests to the fragrance mix was 56, while those to Balsarn of Peru was 19 out, of the 63 patients, manifesting sensitivities of 83% and 30% repectively. The fragrance mix was considered a useful screening patch for fragrance allergies. Twenty-five of the patients showing fragrance allergy were further analysed with 8 individual fragrance ingredients at 2% petrolatum. Cinnamic aldehyde and cinnamic alcohol were considered as she most frequent and important. sensitizers.
Humans ; Hypersensitivity* ; Mass Screening ; Patch Tests* ; Peru ; Petrolatum