The immunohistochemical results are compared with ultrastructural features of neoplastic epithelial cells and mesenchymal cells to assess whether immunohistochemistry is useful in the differential diagnosis of epithelial tumors and mesenchymal tumors. Squamous cell carcinoma and transitional cell carcinoma exhibited positive reaction for keratin, but adenocarcinoma was weakly positive reaction for keratin. Ultrastructurally, heavy bundles of tonofilaments were more frequently encountered in squamous cell carcinoma. In adenocarcinomas, the intermediate filaments were arranged randomly as nonaggregated, short filaments spread throughout the cytoplasm. Fibroblastic and fibrohistiocytic tumors, schwannomas, and neurofibromas exhibited positive reaction for vimentin and alpha-smooth muscle actin. Vimentin consisted of large aggregates of gently curved filaments that often displace other cytoplasmic constituents was noted. Fibroblastic cells with features of smooth muscle differentiation were found in granulation tissue of healing wounds, hypertrophic scars, fibromatosis, fibroma, neurofibroma and malignant fibrous histiocytoma. Smooth muscle tumors showed abundant bundles of thin filaments with dense bodies, pinocytotic vesicles and dense attachment plaques along the cell membrane. Skeletal muscle tumors showed bundles of disorganized thick and thin filaments, remnants of sarcomeres and Z-bands. From the above result, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies on epithelial and mesenchymal tumors were useful in tumor diagnosis sand classification.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Adenocarcinoma

Ultraviolet radiation of skin leads to a systemic alteratior tkat inhibits the normal pattern of immunologic tumor rejection., suppresses the contact hypersemisivity and transiently alters the morphology and the surface marker characteristics of Langerhans cells. Moreover, Ultraviolet radiation elaborates the ETAF, neuropeptides, proteins, and urocaicacid which may alter immunologic responses. But no other study about the effects of UVB irradiation on the systemic immunologic functions of the macrophages of internal organs was reported. The macrophages of the reticuloendothelial system (RES) play a central role in cell-mediated immunity, because they are involved both in the initiation of responses as antigen-presenting, cells, and in the effector phase as inflammatory, tumoricidal and microbicidal cells. The present study was intended to investigate the effects of UVB irradiation on the immunologic functions of mouse peritoneal macrophages. Normal 6-8-week-old BALB/c mice were exposed at the dose rate of 20mJ/cm and 40mJ/cm of UVB per day, 5 days per weeks for 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 8 weeks. Then the peritoneal macrophages were obtained from the mice and the changes of cell count, chemotactic index, phagocytic index, NBT reduction rate and superoxide (0) production were examined. The results were as follows : 1)the number of mouse peritoneal macrophages was decreased by UVB radiation, 2) the chemotactic index of mouse peritoneal macrophage was not altered by UVB radiation, 3) phagocytic activity of mouse pertoneal macrophage was significsntly decreased by UBV radiation, 4) NBT reduction rate in mouse aeritoneal macrophage after UVB radiation was sinificanily decreased in all experimental group, and 5) Superoxide (0) production in mouse peritoneal macrophage after UVB radiation was decreased in all experimental groups.
Animals ; Cell Count ; Immunity, Cellular ; Langerhans Cells ; Macrophages ; Macrophages, Peritoneal* ; Mice* ; Mononuclear Phagocyte System ; Neuropeptides ; Skin ; Superoxides

The authors investigated the incidence of stratum corneum and upper epidermal cytoplasmic antibodies with 30 untreated and 20 treated psoriasis sera, and normal human sera using normal human skins of 5 different sites and psoriatic lesion by the method of indirect immunofluorescence in order to evaluate immunologic responses i n psoreasis. The results are summarized as follows . I) The positivity of stratum corneum antibodies in untreated psoriasis sera(78.7%) was si, nificantly higher than that in normal sera(64.0%). The incidence of stratum corneum antibodies in untreated psoriasis sera was found to be the highest in the arm, followed by the scalp, leg, abdomen, and face as substrate. 2) The positivity of stratum corneum antibodies in psoriasis and normal human sera was significantly higher when tested with the psoriatic lesion as substrate than norma! skin as substrate, 3) The titer of stratum corneum antibodies in 5 sera using human skin obtained from 5 different sites on the body as substrate are the highest in the arm, and leg, and(in decreasing order of frequency) the scalp, abdomen, and face. 4) The positivity of upper epidermal cytoplhsmic antibodies in normal human sera (40.7%) was significa.ntly higher than that in untreated psoriasis sera(21.3%). 5) Ir.. the majority of cases, upper epidermal cytoplasmic antibodies coexisted with straturn corneum antibodies in the sera of patients with psoriasis and in the sera of normal humans.
Abdomen ; Antibodies* ; Arm ; Cytoplasm* ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect ; Humans ; Humans* ; Incidence* ; Leg ; Psoriasis* ; Scalp ; Skin

A 47-year-old male patient presented us with erythematous, telangiectatic, purpuric or hyperpigmented patqhes, recurrent painful ulceration and ivory white atrophic scars on the lower portions of his legs, ankles and dorsal surfaces of both feet exacerbating on every summer for 5 years. The histopathalogical findings of an atrophic patch showed endothelial proliforetiion, partial occlusion of the dermal capillaries and fibrinoid material) on the superficial blood vessels, This patient was treated with aspirin and dipyriclamole for 4 months, and the skin lesions were improved significantly.
Ankle ; Aspirin ; Blood Vessels ; Capillaries ; Cicatrix ; Foot ; Humans ; Leg ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Skin ; Ulcer ; Vasculitis*

Annular elastolytic giant cell granuloma(AEGC(3) has been called as atypical necrcibiosis lipoidica, Mieschers granuloma of the face and scalp, and actinic granu- Joma and needs differen(iation from granuloma annulare, elastosis perforans serpiginosa and nerrobiosis lipoidica. We report a case of AECCG occurring in a 53-year-old male. The patient. had an annular erythematous plaque measuring 4 cm in diameter with serpiginous raised edges and slightly atrophic centers on the right forearm for 5 years. The histopathologic finding showed patchy dermal infiltration of lymphocytes, histiocytes, and multinucleated giant cells engulfing elastic fibers. The. skin lesion cleared after intrader mal injection cf cortieosteroids.
Actins ; Elastic Tissue ; Forearm ; Giant Cells* ; Granuloma ; Granuloma Annulare ; Granuloma, Giant Cell* ; Histiocytes ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Scalp ; Skin

BACKGROUND: CD44 is a family of glycoproteins involved in cell to cell and cell to matrix interactions. Overexpression of CD44v6(variant exon 6) form has been reported in several malignant tumors such as stomach cancer, uterine cervical cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer and keratinocytic skin tumors, such as, basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. However, CD44 expression in cutaneous T cell lymphoma has not been investigated thoroughly. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to examine whether there is any difference in the expression of CD44s & CD44v6 between mycosis fungoides(MF), angiocentric T cell lymphoma, subcutaneous panniculitic T cell lymphoma, Ki lymphoma and unspecified peripheral T cell lymphoma. We also evaluated the statistical significance between the expression of CD44v6 and systemic involvement of the diseases. METHODS: Routine paraffin sections of formalin-fixed 33 tissues (11 MF, 8 angiocentric T cell lymphoma, 5 subcutaneous panniculitic T cell lymphoma, 2 Ki lymphoma, 1 unspecified peripheral T cell lymphoma, 2 psoriasis, 2 lichen planus, 2 erythema nodosum) were labeled with anti-CD44 monoclonal antibody using a avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex. Normal skin served as the negative control. RESULTS: 1. Eccrine glands, hair follicles and the epidermis, except the cornified layer, showed positive staining for CD44s. In inflammatory skin diseases, it showed positive staining for CD44s, however CD44v4/5 and CD44v6 stainings were negative. 2. All(4 out of 4) of the tumor stages of MF showed positive CD44s staining, and 3 out of 4 showed positive CD44v6 staining(p=0.024). However, none of them expressed CD44v4/5. 3. All 8 cases of angiocentric T cell lymphoma were positively stained for CD44s, but not for CD44v4/5. In contrast to other peripheral T cell lymphoma, CD44v6 was expressed in 3 out of 8 cases of angiocentric T cell lymphoma. In subcutaneous T cell lymphoma, only the CD44s was expressed, and Ki lymphoma was positively stained for CD44s and negatively stained for CD44v4/5 and CD44v6. 4. In CD44v6 positive angiocentric T cell lymphoma (3 out of 8) and CD44v6 positive tumor stages of MF (3 out of 4), 5 out of 6 patients had systemic involvement suggesting a statistical significance between CD44v6 expression and patient's systemic involvement(p=0.015). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that CD44v6 may serve as a useful prognostic marker in the tumor stage of mycosis fungoides and angiocentric T cell lymphomas.
Breast Neoplasms ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Eccrine Glands ; Epidermis ; Erythema ; Exons ; Glycoproteins ; Hair Follicle ; Humans ; Lichen Planus ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoma, T-Cell ; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous* ; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral ; Mycosis Fungoides ; Paraffin ; Psoriasis ; Skin ; Skin Diseases ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

No abstract available.
Adenosine Triphosphatases* ; Animals ; Langerhans Cells* ; Mice* ; Oxygen*

We report a case of Wells' syndrome consisting chiefly of papular, vesicular, pustular and vegetative lesions on the trunk, lower extremities and palms in a 48-year-old female, though characteristic lesions of this syndrome are known to be cellulitis or urticaria like plaques. Only a few cases with such lesions as ours have been reported until now. Histologic finding showed spongiotic vesicles in the epidermis and diffuse dense infiltration of eosinophils with characteristic flame figures in the dermis. In addition, marked blood eosinophilia was noted. We tried oral prednisolone for 3 weeks, and the skin lesions improved almost completely.
Cellulitis ; Dermis ; Eosinophilia ; Eosinophils ; Epidermis ; Female ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Middle Aged ; Prednisolone ; Skin ; Urticaria

The mechanism responsible for the formation of sunburn cells in mammalian skin is unknown. However it is suggested that the reactive free radicals and oxygen species generated by UV radiation are causing oxidative reactions in certain keratinocytes that are manifestated in the form of dyskeratotic cells and free radical scavengers such as a-tocopherol acetate or p-carotene were thought to be photoprotective against sunburn radiation. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of single and multiple applications of n-tocopherol acetate(a-TCA) and p-carotene on the formation of sunburn cells. We also determined the effect of these two antioxidants on the sunburn reartion by UVB irradiation. The results were as follows : 1. Both a-tocopheroJ acetate and p-carotene were photoprotective and prevented the formation of sunburn cells and sunburn reaction. 2. Topical p-carotene was less photoprotective than u-tocopherol acetate. 3. Topical use of a-tocopherol acetate and p-carotene in dose range exceeding 1,000 pgcm could provide photoprotective effect if the UVB exposure doses were less than 300 mJ/cm'( 3 MED)
Animals ; Antioxidants ; Carotenoids* ; Free Radical Scavengers ; Free Radicals ; Guinea Pigs* ; Guinea* ; Keratinocytes ; Oxygen ; Skin ; Sunburn ; Tocopherols*

No abstract available.
Biomarkers* ; Child* ; Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Prevalence*