To investigate MR artifacts induced by metallic implants, scans were obtained using both the ferromagnetic Drake lip and the non ferromagnetic Yasargil clip. Scan were taken through the area of clips using geometrical phantom. The MRI was performed by spin echo technique and gradient echo technique on both 2.0T and 0.5T MR unit. The luthors evaluated the nature and differences of artifacts in each sequence and parameter. Artifacts induced by both lips were noted in the direction of frequency encoding gradient, and consisted of region of signal loss abutted in one side by survilinear region of bright signal. Geometric distortion of image was marked in the Drake clip, out was minimal in the Yasargil clip under both 2.0T and 0.5T. Artifacts were more pronounced in the gradient echo technique than those of the spin echo technique on both 2.0T and 0.5T. Although there were no differences n the nature of artifacts induced by the Drake clip among each parameter in the spin echo technique under 2.0T, artifacts were slightly more pronounced on T2 weighted image under the 0.5T field, but no differences were found in the nature of artifacts induced by the Yasargil clip in the spin echo technique under, both the 2.0T and 0.5T fields. Marked artifacts were induced through the small area of the Drake clip which were included in the scan plane, but induced artifacts were small when a small area of the Yasargil clip was included in the scan plane. It seemed likely hat artifacts were slightly more pronounced in the 2.0T than the 0.5T field in both clips, but objective evaluation of the difference was difficult, In conclusion, these results can be an essential basis for the interpretation of MR images or patents with metallic inplants.
Aneurysm* ; Artifacts* ; Lip ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Magnets

Transcatheter infusion of absolute ethanol was applied clinically in 3 cases of artificial embolization; 25yrsold female with bilateral renal angiomyolipoma, 19yrs old female with right paralumbar liposarcoma and 25 yrs oldmale with hypernephroma of right kidney. Selective or subselective manual infusion was made and 9 to 22cc of pureethanol was delivered in a speed of 1 to 2cc per second. The sclerosing effect of absolute ethanol was potent.However, all 3 cases revealed mild post-emboliaztion syndrome.
Angiomyolipoma ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Ethanol ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney ; Liposarcoma

Serovars of 22 leptospiral field isolates from rats trapped in Korea were identified by cross-agglutinin absorption test (CAAT). Genomic characteristics of 7 selected isolates and 6 antigenically closely related reference serovars of lai, yeonchon, birkini, gem, mwogolo, and canicola were differentiated by arbitrarily primed PCR (AP-PCR) and southern blot hybridization using 16S rRNA gene probe from Borrelia burgdorferi. Among the 22 isolates, 21 strains were identified as serovar lai by CAAT, while the serological reactivity of NR13 did not accord with that of serovar lai. Results of AP-PCR using primers RSP, KF and PB-1 were in general agreement with those obtained by serological identification, and all 7 isolates including NR13 showed the same profile with serovar lai or yeonchon. In the southern blot hybridization with 16S rRNA gene probe, the isolates were divided into two ribotype groups when HindIII and BamHI digests were employed: isolates NR4, NR13, and serovar lai showed the same profile, and isolates JR34, JR57, KR48, JR77, and JR82 were classified as the another ribotype group. Isolate NR13 and serovar yeonchon, which were isolated in Korea and showed serological differences with serovar lai, were indistinguishable from serovar lai in this DNA study using AP-PCR and ribotyping. These results demonstrate that Korean leptospiral isolates were closely related in DNA level, and ribotyping would be useful for subgrouping of field isolates.
Absorption ; Animals ; Blotting, Southern ; Borrelia burgdorferi ; DNA ; Genes, rRNA ; Korea ; Leptospira* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Rats ; Ribotyping*

Recently, the authors had an opportunity to treat a 73-year-old male patient who was transferred to our institution with problematic multiple strictures of the anterior urethra subsequent to a suprapubic cystostomy. A proximal urethra was reconstructed with scrotal skin, but due to the shortage of distal skin, as a last resort we reconstructed a distal urethra using a polytetrafluoroethylene graft in place of 10 cm long urethral strictures. About 5 months after surgery, we had to reexplore the polytetrafluoroethylene graft area because of pain and found, much to our surprise, that the urethra had been completely regenerated around the length of polytetrafluoroethylene graft which now remained freely detached in the urethral canal. Following removal of the polytetrafluoroethylene graft, the patient could urinate normally and was subsequently discharged without further problems. We concluded that this case was incidentally successful with good regeneration of urethral mucosa of the anterior urethra by grafting a polytetrafluoroethylene tube.
Aged ; Case Report ; Human ; Male ; Polytetrafluoroethylene ; *Prostheses and Implants ; Regeneration ; Urethra/physiopathology ; Urethral Stricture/physiopathology/*surgery

No abstract available.
Hemorrhage*

This study is to compare the diagnostic usefulness and relationships between AVS penogram. Snap gauge test, and NPT monitoring in impotent patients confirmed using multidisciplinary diagnostic approach at the Department of Urology, Yonsei University College of Medicine from December 1986 to June 1987. Following results were obtained. 1. Among 24 cases of Group I(AVS penogram) 20 cases(83.3%) were psychogenic impotence, where 15 cases(75%) revealed sufficient penile rigidity on the Snap gauge test. 4 cases(16.7%) of group I were organic impotence, which revealed incomplete penile rigidity on the Snap gauge test. Among 45 cases of Group II-B(AVS Penogram) 34 cases(75.6%) were psychogenic impotence, where 28 cases(82.4%) showed sufficient penile rigidity on the Snap gauge test. 10 cases(24.4%) of Group II-B were organic impotence, which showed incomplete penile rigidity on the Snap gauge test. Among 17 cases of Group II-A and II-C 5 cases were psychogenic impotence, all of which revealed sufficient penile rigidity on the Snap gauge test. >From above results, the AVS Penogram is not a confirmative method, but using AVS Penogram and the Snap gauge test simultaneously will give useful information differentiating organic impotence and psychogenic impotence. 2. In comparison of AVS penogram and NPT monitoring, among 20 cases 7 cases of erectile curve showed similar shape, but the precise mechanism of each penile erection is not yet certain, more study is needed in the near future.
Erectile Dysfunction ; Humans ; Male ; Penile Erection ; Urology

In a 73 year old male patient with multiple urethral strictures, we performed urethral replacement with Gore-Tex(Polytetrafluoroethylene) graft about l0cm long. On a follow up, 5 months later, operative field was reexplored due to pains and we found that urethral regeneration was complete around the Gore-Tex graft while the graft itself was remaining inside the urethral lumen in a freely detached state. After the removal of Core- Tex graft, patient could void in a normal fashion quite satisfactory. We think that urethral replacement graft with Gore-Tex should be given a consideration as a last resort.
Aged ; Follow-Up Studies ; Health Resorts ; Humans ; Male ; Polytetrafluoroethylene ; Regeneration ; Transplants* ; Urethral Stricture*

We present here, a case of pemphigus erythematosus developed in a 31-year-old woman, who had been suffering from repeated episode, of remission and exacerbation with several erythematous, and somewhat oozing patche accompanying a mild pruritus or her face, upper part of the back and anterior chest. In serological studies, she had antinuclear antiboc@lies at. a titer of 1:160. Histopathological finding showed subcorneal bullae. Immunofluorescent study revealed IgG and C, deposition in the intercellular space of the epidermis and along the de rmoepidermal junction.
Adult ; Epidermis ; Extracellular Space ; Female ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Pemphigus* ; Pruritus ; Thorax

From January to September 1995, eleven eyes of eleven patients with medically uncontrollable glaucoma or previously failed filtering cases underwent installation of Baerveldt implant. Seven men and four women were enrolled into this study,, and meand age of the patients was 41.7+/-22.9 years (range, 2-65years). Nine eyes had neovascular glaucoma (diabetic retinopathy) in six eyes, Coats` disease in one, central tetinal vein occlusion in one, other in one of nine eyes), two eyes had secondary glaucoma after penetrating keratoplasty. The mean follow-up period was 10.6+/-8.4 months (range, 2-22 months), and preoperative intraocular pressure(IOP)s averaged 54.8+/-16.0mmHg range, 26-76mmHg) were lowered to a mean of 14.7+/-3.1mmHg (range, 12-40mmHg) postoperatively. Ten eyes achieved final IOPs between 6 and 14mmHg without medication, and one eye was eviscerated. Postoperative complications included hyphema in five eyes (45.5%), flat anterior chamber in two eyes(18.1%), obstruction of the tube in two eyes(18.1%), and cataract progression in two eyes(18.1%) of the eleven eyes. We installed Baerveldt implant in eleven recalcitrant glaucomas, and obtained successful result of 90.0% without serious complication. In conclusion, although Baerveldt implant is large, it is easier to implant an requires less extensive conjunctival incision than other large implants, and it afforded a good IOP control.
Anterior Chamber ; Cataract ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glaucoma* ; Glaucoma, Neovascular ; Humans ; Hyphema ; Keratoplasty, Penetrating ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; Veins

No abstract available.
Autonomic Pathways* ; Rectal Neoplasms* ; Urodynamics*