The authors performed experimental study to produce proliferative vitreoretinopathy by intravitreal injection of homologous fibroblasts in pigmented rabbits. Twenty four eyes of 12 rabbits were divided into control and experimental groups. In experimental group, the eyes were pretreated with expanding gas, perfluoropropane for the vitrectomy. In control group, no such procedure was preceded. In both groups, 5.0×10⁴, 1.0×10⁵ and 1.5×10⁵ cells of homologous fibroblasts were injected into the vitreous cavity. All the eyes were observed regularly with indirect ophthalmoscope followed by fundus photography. Those eyes were enucleated in 1, 2, 4 weeks for the light and electron microscopic studies. The development and severity of the proliferative vitreoretinopathy were correlated with the numbers of the injected fibroblast. This was more pronounced in the experimental group.
Fibroblasts ; Intravitreal Injections ; Ophthalmoscopes ; Photography ; Rabbits ; Vitrectomy ; Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative*

BACKGROUND: One of the most, probable pathogenesis of vitiliga is autoimmune. Systemic cor tico st,eroids suppress immunity and may arrest the progression of vitiligo and lead to repigmentation. OBJECTIVE: We have assessed the clinical effect of a oral small oral dose of corticosteroid to minimize side effects in vitiligo patients. METHODS: Thirty four patients(9;male, 25;female) with vitiligo were evaluated in this study. The patients took 7.5mg-20mg prednisolone initially for 2 months and then the dosage was tapered to half of the initial dosiat the 3rd month and half of dose of 3rd month for the last 4th month. We compared the effcct of treatment of vitiligo before and aft.er the study by photographs. and side efferts were issessed at. 1, 2, 3 and 4 month. RESULTS: The arrest of the progression of vitiligo was noticed in 79% of patients and repigmentation was noticed in 59% of patients which is statistically significant. The effect, of treatment according to extent, duiation, type, and site of vitiligo were not statistically significant. The side effects of treatment were minimal and did not affect the course of treatment. CONCLUSION: Small doses of iral corticosteroids are effective without any significant side effects in preventing progression and loiiduce repigmentation of active spreading vitiligo and generalized type of vitiligo that is difficult to treat with topical corticosteroids.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones* ; Humans ; Prednisolone ; Vitiligo*

The courses of the progression in the fibrous dysplasia are characterized by asymptomatic progression or spontaneous regression in some cases after the growth has ceased and the aims of treatment for a fibrous dysplasia are prevention of the pathologic fractures and correction of the deformities. The osteogenic potentiality of the cambium layer in the periosteum and the beneficial effect on the osteogenesis of the impregnating bone graft with autologous red marrow are well documented. We experienced an extensive fibrous dysplasia with cortical thinning and pathologic fracture and it was managed with subperiosteal combined xenograft of Kiel bone with autologous red marrow for the induction of cortical thickening and prevention of the pathologic fractures because of the inoperability of curettage due to extensive lesion over the entire femur, limitations in obtaining large amount of autogenous cancellous bone for the graft and lack of the facilities of the bone bank. This subperiosteal composite xenograft with autologous red marrow for a fibrous dysplasia gave an excellent result of a remarkable cortical thickening and we think this can be a type of management for a entensive fibrous dysplasia. So we are reporting this case with bibliographic reviews.
Bone Banks ; Bone Marrow ; Cambium ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Curettage ; Femur ; Fractures, Spontaneous ; Heterografts ; Osteogenesis ; Periosteum ; Transplants

The 44 years old male patient had admitted to our clinic with the marked exophthalmos and blindness in his left eye for more than 10 years. The exophthalmometry revealed 10 mm in right and 25mm in left eye. Before operation ultrasonography (A-scan) and phleboorbitography were performed, and retroorbital mass was suspected. Using Kronlein method, lateral orbitotomy was performed on April 11, 1979 and large well encapsulated tumor mass (3.5 x 3 x 3 cm.) was extracted. By pathological study the tumor was confirmed as a carvenous hemangioma. After first operation he had two subsequent operation for the cosmetic problem.
Adult ; Blindness ; Exophthalmos ; Hemangioma* ; Humans ; Male ; Ultrasonography

No abstract available.
Aorta*

OBJECTIVE: Our present studies were conducted to examine more effective isolating method of preantral follicles from mouse ovaries. METHODS: ICR mice (3-6 weeks old) were sacrificed through cervical dislocation and their ovaries were removed and put into watch glasses containing Hams F-10 supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS). Preantral follicles were isolated by three different methods; 1) enzymatical method and 2) mincing method, and 3) scraping method. Enzymatical method was carried out as following. Ovaries were bisected with a pair of fine 30G needles. Bisected ovaries were incubated at 37degrees C and 5% CO2 incubator in 2-well dish containing Hams F-10 supplemented with collagenase 600 IU/ml. After 20 min.,follicles were isolated by repeated pipetting. Isolated preantral follicles were collected, and the remnant of tissues was placed in incubator and previous procedure was repeated. Mincing method was carried out with a pair of fine 30G needles attached to 1 ml syringes and mined ovary. Scraping method was carried out wit a pair of fine 30G needles and scratched to surface of ovary. The differences between isolating methods were analyzed using Student's t-test and Chi-square. Results were considered statistically significant when P value was less than 0.05. RESULTS:In handling time, mincing or scraping method (28+/-3.42 min or 16+/-1.58 min) were significantly (p<0.00001) shorter than enzymatical method (72+/-1.69 min), and scraping method was significantly (p<0.01) shorter than mincing method. Total number of isolated follicles was significantly (p<0.0001) higher in enzymatical method (49.8+/-3.91) than in mincing or scraping method (25.3+/-2.33 or 20.5+/-1.75). Isolated follicles in < or =90 micrometer were significantly (p<0.005) higher in enzymatical method (15+/-1.71) than in mincing or scraping method (7.8+/-0.98 or 8.1+/-1.31). In 91~130 micrometer, isolated follicles were significantly (p<0.0005) higher in enzymatical method (33+/-3.27) than in mincing or scraping method (16.3+/-1.82 or 10.7+/-1.38). In > or =131 micrometer, isolated follicles were not significantly differences between all groups. In equal sizes, the rate of isolated follicles in < or =90 micrometer was highest in scraping method (39.6% vs. enzymatical method:30.1%, p<0.05; mincing method: 30.9%, p=0.11719, NS). Rate of follicles in 91~130 micrometer was significantly (p<0.05) lower in scraping method (52.7%) than in emzymatical or mincing method (66.3% or 64.5%). Rate of follicles in > or =131 micrometer was highest in scraping method (8.3% vs. enzymatical or scraping method: 3.6%, p<0.05)or 4.6%, p=0.19053, NS). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that scraping method is simple and useful for isolation of preantral follicles, because this method reduced handling time and recovered enough follicles. The recovered rate of isolated follicles in diameter of 91~130 micrometer was highest in all methods.
Animals ; Collagenases ; Dislocations ; Eyeglasses ; Female ; Glass ; Incubators ; Mice* ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Needles ; Ovary* ; Syringes

OBJECTIVE : Mammalian embryos undergo changes of energy environment for transfer from oviduct to uterus. Also, the human reproductive organ (oviduct, uterus) contains energy sources of different concentration (oviduct - glucose: 0.5 mM, pyruvate: 0.32mM, lactate: 10.5 mM; uterus - goucose: 3.15 mM, pyruvate: 0.1mM, lactate: 5.87 mM, respectively). This study was conducted to examine the effect of these energy sources added in DMEM with glutamine on the mouse embryo development. METHODS: There was used ICR female mouse. Two cell embryos of mouse are collected by method of 'flushing'. Flushing fluid was used Ham's F-10 added to 20% FBS. The collected 2 cell embryos were cultured in media such as Control (only DMEM), group A and B (DMEM supplemented with 0.5 mM and 3.15 mM glucose), and group C and D (DMEM supplemented with 0.1 mM and 0.32 mM pyruvate), and group E and F (DMEM supplemented with 5.87 mM and 10.5 mM lactate). All experimental media supplemented with 20% hFF, respectively. Pattern of embryo development was observed to interval at 24hr during 96hr. RESULTS : The media with glutamine added glucose (group A: 51.0%; group B: 48.4%) was significantly (p<0.05) higher than other experimental group in development into the morula stage after 24 hr in culture, but not significantly different compared with control and the rate of development into the blastocyst was significantly (p<0.05) low in the both of pyruvate (group C: 7.9% group D: 6.8%) and lactate (group E: 7.1%, group F: 7.1%) treatment group after 48 hr in culture. Development into the hatched and attached balstocyst after 96hr in culture revealed similarly in control (81.9%) and glucose treatment group (group A: 83.3%, group B: 82.8%). However, development into the hatched and attached blastocyst after 96hr in culture revealed significantly (p<0.05) development in the glucose treatment group (group A: 82.3%, group B: 78.5%) than control (63.2%), and its of pyruvate (group C: 34.1%, group D: 34.1%) and lactate (group E: 25.9%, group F: 33.3%) treatment group were significantly (p<0.05) lower than control similar to previous observations. CONCLUSION : The glucose added to the DMEM with only glutamine, as energy source, was highly to the rate of development compared with control, but the other energy sources were not, synthetically. Above refer to, the human reproductive organ (oviduct, uterus) contains energy sources of different concentration. Thus, further studies are will examine continuously to effects by interaction of different energy sources in the mouse embryo culture.
Animals ; Blastocyst ; Eagles* ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Embryonic Development* ; Embryonic Structures* ; Female ; Flushing ; Glucose ; Glutamine ; Humans ; Lactic Acid ; Mice* ; Morula ; Oviducts ; Pregnancy ; Pyruvic Acid* ; Uterus

This study investigated the therapeutic factors influencing the outcome of cognitive behavioral group treatment for social phobia and the most helpful therapeutic component. Fifty psychiatric outpatients who were diagnosed with social phobia according to the DSM-IV criteria were chosen as subjects. Patients were asked to complete the Yalom's Curative Factors Questionnaire and Therapeutic Components Evaluation Form at the end of their Cognitive Behavioral Group Treatment (CBGT). The patients who showed more improvement rated significantly higher in therapeutic factors such as "Interpersonal learning-output", "Guidance", "Universality", "Group cohesiveness" than the patients who showed less improvement. Among the four components of CBGT for social phobia, cognitive restructuring was rated as most helpful. These results suggest which therapeutic factors and components should be highlighted in CBGT for social phobia.
Questionnaires ; *Psychotherapy, Group ; Phobic Disorders/psychology/*therapy ; Middle Aged ; Male ; Korea ; Humans ; Female ; *Cognitive Therapy ; Adult ; Adolescent

No abstract available.

Ocular toxoplasmosis is the most frequent etiological factor of the known retinochoroiditis in the world. But there are very few cases of confirmed toxoplasmosis in Korea. In this paper we report a 5 year old girl who had suffered from left visual disturbance since Aug, 1978. The HA. titer for toxoplasmosis was 1:2048 and she had a typical focal exudative retinochoroiditis in the macular lesion and one small daughter lesion on superior temporal retinal arteriolar branch. She was treated with oral acetyl spiramycin(600 mg.) for 6 months. After all the active retinochoroidal lesion was changed into scar tissue and the vision has improved slightly from 0.02 to 0.2 during the followup period of one year. And also the HA. titer had decreased to 1:512. The fluorescein angiographic finding could be a helpful method to determine the healed lesion after anti toxoplasmic theraphy.
Child, Preschool ; Cicatrix ; Female ; Fluorescein ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Korea ; Nuclear Family ; Retinaldehyde ; Spiramycin* ; Toxoplasmosis ; Toxoplasmosis, Ocular*