No abstract available.
Endoscopy ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage*

Since the introduction of flexible fiberoptic endoscope in clinical medicine from the early 1970s, the size of the caliber has become gradually so smaller and more functional as to be available in children and even in newborn infants. And the indications of gastrointestinal endoscopy have been extended not only to the diagnosis and evaluation of gastrointestinal diseases, but also to the effective management. Foreign body removal is one of the most important indications of therapeutic endoscopy in children. We have successfully removed foreign bodies in 3 newborn infants, using flexible endascope (0; 7.9 mm) without general anesthesia. They were one Nelaton catheter and two DeLee suction catheters which had been incidentaly broken during neonatal routine care in a delivery room. In the case of DeLee suction catheter ingestion, the end of the broken plastic bulb was snared and withdrawn carefully not to injure the esophageal mucosa by its sharp edge. All of the newborn infants got well thereafter and were discharged without any complications. We could avoid the general anesthesia and laparotomy by using flexible endoscope, and these 3 therapeutic endoscopic cases of newborn infants are the youngest patients reported so far. We hereby emphasize that foreign body can be removed easily and safely with routine gastrointestinal endoscope even in newborn infants.
Anesthesia, General ; Catheters ; Child ; Clinical Medicine ; Delivery Rooms ; Diagnosis ; Eating ; Endoscopes ; Endoscopes, Gastrointestinal ; Endoscopy ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal ; Foreign Bodies* ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Laparotomy ; Mucous Membrane ; Parturition* ; Plastics ; SNARE Proteins ; Suction

Adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder is one of the least common in the bladder carcinoma, which may be divided into three categories, primary, secondary and urachal origin. We present three cases of adenocarcinoma of the bladder; two in a normally placed bladder and one in the urachal remnant. A brief review of the literatures of vesical adenocarcinoma is also given.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Urinary Bladder*

PURPOSE: To analyze the dynamic MR imaging of breast fibroadenoma according to the histologic type for differentiation from breast carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Dynamic MR images of 26 lesions from 22 breasts in 19 patients showing atypical clinical features or film mammogram and ultrasound manifestations were performed. We analyzed the speed and the maximal amount of contrast enhancement and the patterns, such as shape, border, and internal signal intensity, among the histologic types during five minutes after contrast injection. RESULTS: The speed and maximal amount of contrast enhancement of fibroadenoma were in descending order of myxoid, sclerotic, glandular, and calcified types. Among these, the value of maximal amount of contrast enhancement of myxoid and sclerotic type were more than 700 NU, but only myxoid type was enhanced more than 700NU within the first 1 minute after contrast injection, similar to the findings of carcinoma. In general, fibroadenoma showed the tendency of smooth surface(69%), well-defined border(88%) with safety rim, and internal homogeneous signal intensity(65%). However, sclerotic type of fibroadenoma had relatively high incidence of heterogeneous internal signal intensity(78%) after Gd-DTPA injection. CONCLUSION: Dynamic MR imaging of atypical breast fibroadenoma mimicking breast malignancy was very useful in differentiation it from carcinoma and had the benefit of classifying fibroadenoma according to its histologic types.
Breast Neoplasms ; Breast* ; Fibroadenoma* ; Gadolinium DTPA ; Humans ; Incidence ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Ultrasonography

The papillary eccrine adenoma is a rare benign sweat gland neoplasm charscterized by potentislly locally aggressive clinical course. We report herein a case of papillsry eccrine adenoma in a 28-year-old female who presented single intradermal tumor on the right postauricular ares. Histopathological findings showed dilated ducts containing eosinophilic or keratinous materials and intraluminal papillary rowths.
Adenoma* ; Adult ; Eosinophils ; Female ; Humans ; Sweat Gland Neoplasms

The purpose of this study was to investigate the immunohistochemical reaction of calcitonin-gene-related peptide (CGRP) and type II collagen and also morphological changes of cartilage implants and cultured chondrocytes isolated from the articular and costal cartilages. The chondrocytes were isolated from the head of the femur and the 11th costal cartilage of the 6 months old rabbits. De novo implants were prepared from the chondrocytes cultured on the perichondrium by culturing isolated articular chondrocytes. Cultured chondrocytes and implants were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining of CGRP and type II collagen and electron microscopy. Articular chondrocytes maintained the typical phenotype in the 1st and 2nd subcultures, but the costal chondrocytes were transformed into fibroblast-like cells. The articular chondrocytes cultured on the perichondrium were more flattened and formed the cartilage. Most chondrocytes were no loss of type II collagen immunostaining by culturing. Implants replaced by the cultured articular chondrocytes were generally increased CGRP and decreased type II collagen immunoreaction. Electron microscopically the cultured articular chondrocytes had a large euchromatic nucleus, a few granules, and abundant vesicles. During culture, the nucleus became atropy and the cytoplasm contained many large vacuoles. The chondrocytes cultured on the perichondrium showed a lot of segmented rough endoplasmic reticulum and fine short microvilli. During culture, articular chondrocytes maintained typical phenotype and type II collagen reaction. The cultured articular chondrocytes had some organelles and euchromatic nucleus with prominent nucleolus. The chondrocytes cultured on the perichondrium showed active secretion of the matrix with small vesicles and well developed endoplasmic reticulum. The implanted articular chondrocytes showed the decrease of their organelles after secretion of the marix and became increased CGRP and decreased type II collagen immunoreaction.
Cartilage* ; Chondrocytes* ; Collagen Type II* ; Cytoplasm ; Endoplasmic Reticulum ; Endoplasmic Reticulum, Rough ; Femur ; Head ; Humans ; Infant ; Microscopy, Electron ; Microvilli ; Organelles ; Phenotype ; Rabbits ; Vacuoles

BACKGROUND: Mitral regurgitation is a valvular heart disease that produce complex hemodynamic alternations and myocardial dysfunction occurs subclinically, so result in a high incidence of left ventricular dysfunction that might affect postoperative result. In order to assess preoperative factors affecting the outcome of mitral valve replacement in patients with chronic mitral regurgitaion, we evaluated prognostic factors from preoperative clinical, laboratory, and echocardiographic findings in 71 patients with chronic mitral regurgitation who received mitral valve replacement. METHODS: From 1985 to 1994, 71 patients with chronic mitral regurgitation, who received mitral valve replacement, were included in this study. The patients were defined as group I who had improved symptom and / or decreased left ventricular end-diastolic dimension after operation, and group II who had persistent symptom and / or over 60mm of left ventricular end-diastolic dimension after operation. RESULTS: 1) In clinical findings, preoperative systolic blood pressure was higher in Group I patients(p<0.05). 2) Hemoglobin, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen level were not significantly different in both groups. 3) In echocardigraphic findings, left atrial dimension, left ventricular end-systolic / end-diastolic dimension, and left ventricular volume index of Group II were much higher than those of Group I patients(p<0.05). 4) In the discriminant analysis, left ventricular end-diastolic dimension, age, NYHA functional class, and left ventricular mass index were defined as important prognostic factors. CONCLUSION: According to the above results, preoperative age, NYHA functional class are significant prognostic factors in clinical and laboratory findings. And left atrial dimension, left ventricular end-systolic and end-diastolic dimensions, left ventricular volume index, and left ventricular mass index are significant prognostic factors in echocardiographic findings.
Blood Pressure ; Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Creatinine ; Echocardiography ; Heart Valve Diseases ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency* ; Mitral Valve* ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left

BACKGROUND: There has been a growing realization that a variety of anticancer drugs can induce apoptotic cell death. In the present study, an attempt was made to investigate the responsiveness of gastric cancer cells to various anticancer drugs and to identify which apoptosis-related proteins could be correlated to chemosensitivity. METHODS: Nine human Korean gastric cancer cell lines (SNU-1, -5, -16, -484, -601, -620, -638, -668, and -719) were analyzed. The cytotoxicity of each cell line to camptothecin, cisplatin, mitomycin C, vincristine, 5-FU, epirubicin, and doxorubicin was determined by using a MTT (dimethylthiazole- diphenyltetrazolium-bromide) assay. Apoptosis-related proteins (p53, p21, Bcl-2, Bcl-x, and Bax) were detected using a Western blot assay. RESULTS: Of the nine gastric cancer cell lines, SNU-1 was resistant while SNU-5 was sensitive to anticancer drugs. Mutated p53 was detected in all the cell lines. The highest expression of Bcl-2 was observed in SNU-1 while less or no expression of Bcl-2 was observed in SNU-5, -484, and -601. Bcl-xL was less expressed in SNU-5 than in the other cell lines. CONCLUSIONS: Chemosensitivity in gastric cancer cell lines was correlated mainly with the level of Bcl-2 and partly with that of Bcl-xL. There was no correlation between the chemosensitivity and other apoptosis-related proteins, such as p21, p53, Bax, and Bcl-xS in the studied gastric cancer cell lines.
Blotting, Western ; Camptothecin ; Cell Death ; Cell Line* ; Cisplatin ; Doxorubicin ; Epirubicin ; Fluorouracil ; Humans ; Mitomycin ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Vincristine

BACKGROUND: Porokeratosis is a disorder of epidermal keratinization which is characterized by the presence of cornoid lamellae. Since the original description of the plaque form of Mibelli, various types of porokeratosis have been reported. OBJECTIVES: The purposes of this study were aimed at evaluating the clinical and biological features of porokeraosis. METHODS: The hospital charts and slides of 29 patients with porokeratosis were reviewed. Only the cases showing characteristic cornoid lamellae by histopathological examinations were included. RESULTS: Female patients outnumbered the male ones (M:F = 1:2.2). Ages of the onset of porokeratosis varied from infancy to 68 years. Disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis (DSAP) was the predominant type (22 cases). The Mibelli type was seen in 3 cases and the linear type in 4 cases. Only one case had a family history of porokeratosis. Two patients had complained of pruritus in the lesions, which were the DSAP and linear type, respectively. In that linear type, squamous cell carcinoma developed. Eight patients had other associated diseases. Although 6 patients were treated with CO₂ laser, topical isotretinoin or cryotherapy, the lesions tended to recur, persist or even progress. CONCLUSIONS: Porokeratosis showed various clinical features. DSAP was the predominant type. Two patients complained of itching of the lesions, which were the DSAP and linear types, respeciively. Within that linear type, squamous cell carcinoma developed. We speculate that pruritus might be an ominous sign of malignant transformation of the porokeratosis. We suggest that the Mibelli type and linear type of porokeratosis should be either excised or destroyed, or in widespread cases close follow-up should be mandatory.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cryotherapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Isotretinoin ; Male ; Porokeratosis* ; Pruritus

No abstract available.