No abstract available.
Migraine Disorders* ; Prescriptions*

Majority of the eyes with subfoveal neovascular membrane loss the central vision. We observed two patients who regained significant central vision as the result of the involution of subfoveal neovascularization. On follow-up fundus examination, the subretinal lesions revealed grayish neovascular membranes stained with fluorescein, but did not show the fluid leakage. And subretinal hemorrhage and subretinal fluid were gradually resolved. We assumed that functioning retinal pigment epithelium within the macula and young age were the important factors of the spontaneous improvement of visual outcome.
Fluorescein ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Membranes ; Retinal Pigment Epithelium ; Subretinal Fluid

No abstract available.
Retinal Vein Occlusion* ; Retinal Vein* ; Retinaldehyde* ; Vitreous Hemorrhage*

These days the posterior chamber lens implantation following the extracapsular cataract extraction has become the standard procedure except those patients who cannot take it in one reason or another. In past, however, the anterior chamber lens implantation was popular for sometimes. Even now in those patient complicated by vitreous loss, the anterior chamber lens implantation following anterior vitrectomy is indicated in some cases. We have become interested in the difference of the intraocular pressure change in the patients who underwent the uneventful extra-capsular cataract extraction followed by anterior chamber lens implantation in routine manner and in those whose extra-capsular cataract extraction were complicated by vitreous loss and eventually needed the anterior vitrectomy before the anterior chamber lens implantation. We reviewed the medical records of 15 cases of the former group and 11 cases of the latter one in 1986 through 1988. There was some difference in the postoperative pressure in the two groups, but it was not statistically significant.
Anterior Chamber* ; Cataract Extraction* ; Cataract* ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure* ; Medical Records ; Vitrectomy

The authors performed experimental study to produce proliferative vitreoretinopathy by intravitreal injection of homologous fibroblasts in pigmented rabbits. Twenty four eyes of 12 rabbits were divided into control and experimental groups. In experimental group, the eyes were pretreated with expanding gas, perfluoropropane for the vitrectomy. In control group, no such procedure was preceded. In both groups, 5.0×10⁴, 1.0×10⁵ and 1.5×10⁵ cells of homologous fibroblasts were injected into the vitreous cavity. All the eyes were observed regularly with indirect ophthalmoscope followed by fundus photography. Those eyes were enucleated in 1, 2, 4 weeks for the light and electron microscopic studies. The development and severity of the proliferative vitreoretinopathy were correlated with the numbers of the injected fibroblast. This was more pronounced in the experimental group.
Fibroblasts ; Intravitreal Injections ; Ophthalmoscopes ; Photography ; Rabbits ; Vitrectomy ; Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative*

The authors experienced a case of secondary glaucoma combined with mesodermal dysgenesis of anterior segment, which disclosed extensive peripheral iridocorneal adhesion of congenital origin while his fellow eye revealed a sclerocornea. This case is extremely rare and entirely different from the previously reported Axenfeld's and Rieger's anomalies. We report this interesting case with brief review of the literatures.
Glaucoma* ; Mesoderm*

The clinical evaluation was done in eight eyes of four patients with bilateral branch retinal vein occlusion. The onset of age was from 36 to 65 years, and three pa dents were women. Hypertension was the most common associated systemic disease. Retinal neovascularization was complicated in six eyes, and five eyes had vitreous hemorrhage. The vitrectomy was performed in three eyes. We believe that branch retinal vein occlusion associated with hypertension should be followed carefully in the fellow eyes.
Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Retinal Neovascularization ; Retinal Vein Occlusion ; Veins* ; Vitrectomy ; Vitreous Hemorrhage

Even though phototherapy is an effective means of treating hyperbilirubinemia, adequate binocular shields are essential to prevent light hazard of retina during phototherapy. The phototherapy to young albino rabbits was performed under various conditions; exposured for 12, 24, and 48 hours, continuity or intermittence of irradiation, and use of shields. Although there was no definite pathologic change in indirect ophthalmoscopic examination, severe damage was seen at electron microscopic level. In all experimental groups, swelling and edema of photoreceptor were seen. at right after phototherapy. Futhermore, more severe damage was seen in case of intermittent irradiated group and prolong exposed group. In mydriatic eyes, severity of damage was similiar to non mydi iatic eyes, but area of retinal damage was more extensive than non-mydriatic eves.. In control group which was protected by binocular shields during phototherapy, no significant abnormality was found.
Dermatitis, Phototoxic* ; Edema ; Hyperbilirubinemia ; Phototherapy ; Rabbits ; Retina ; Retinaldehyde* ; Telescopes

Vincristine has been extensively need in chemotherapy to treat leukemia, lymphoma, and a variety of solid tumor. The major antitumor effect has been known to be associated with its high affinity binding to the basic protein sub unit of microtubule, tubulin, which causes disruption of the mitotic spindle apparatus and arrest of calls in metaphase. The principal side effect that has commonly limited the use of this agent is peripheral sensori-motor neuropathy, a feature probably related to the disruption of microtubule in neural tissues. There has been a need for animal experimental models w study the peripheral neuropathy induced by vincristine. However, it was not easy to develop an adequate model due to reported interspecies difference of susceptibility to vincristine. In addition, electrophysiologic test methods to confirm peripheral neuropathy in small experimental animals has not been properly addressed. The purpose of this experiment is to find out whether rat can be used as an animal experimental model of vincristine neuropathy. The authors also incorporated serial noninvasive electrophysiololgic tests, in attempt to correlate morphologic alterations induced by vincristine and functional status of peripheral nerve and muscle. Experiment Group 1 of 14 rats were given 0. 2mg/kg vincristine sulfate once a week, Group 2 of 14 rats were given same does twice a week and Group 3 of 14 rats were given 0. 4mg/kg intravenously, through tail veins for 6 weeks, to delineate the possible different effects from dosage and frequency of injections. The 14 rats for control were given only normal saline with the same methods. The electrophysiologic tests including motor nerve conduction study, sensory nerve conduction study and cervical somatosensory evoked potential were per formed 2 weeks interval. The morphologic examinations of posterior tibial nerves using light microscope and electron microscope were done 4 weeks interval up to 16 weeks. The H&E, modified Gomori-trichrome and histochemical stain(ATPase & NADH) 1. Vincristine induced peripheral neuropathy was successfully established in rat.. This was confirmed not only by morphologic measurements but also by noninvasive serial electrophysiologic examinations of peripheral nerves. 2. The vincristine neuropathy in rats was sensori-motor type similar to those in human. 3. The motor and sensory conduction velocity of posterior tibial nerve in rats fell significantly at ter 2-4 weeks in the vincristine injected groups A tendency of recovery was noted, but the conduction velocity failed to return to normal level up to 16 weeks follow up study. However, the amplitude of compound muscle action potentials as well as compound nerve action potentials showed a great deal of fluctuation during the genesis of neuropathy. Therefore, these electrophysiologic parameters were not optimal predictors in assessment of functional integrity of given nerves with the electrophysiologic test methods used in this experiments. 4, Morphologic examinations revealed that vincristine neuropathy I rats are clearly these of axonal degeneration, compatible to the findings of electrophysiologic examination. 5. The higher dose of vincristine induced the more damage to the peripheral nerves but it also resulted in high mortality rate. Administration of 0.2mg/kg/week would be adequate in generation of experimental neuropathy. 6. The examinations of gastrocnemius and soleus muscle showed same evidence of mild degree of myopathy but it was felt to be direct toxic effect, rather than secondary changes due to the neuropathy.
Action Potentials ; Animal Experimentation ; Animals ; Axons ; Drug Therapy ; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Leukemia ; Lymphoma ; Metaphase ; Microtubules ; Mortality ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Muscular Diseases ; Neural Conduction ; Peripheral Nerves* ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; Rats* ; Spindle Apparatus ; Tibial Nerve ; Tubulin ; Veins ; Vincristine*

Vertigo, a definite rotational sensation, consists of a variety of syndromes. The purpose of this study was to accumulate information on various aspects of vertigo or dizziness. We performed a retrospective study about vertigo patients, who had admitted to our hospital for recent 2 years. From January 1994 to December 1995, 214 patients with the complaints of 'vertigo' and 'dizziness', who admitted to the department of Neurology, Ewha Womans University Hospital, were accepted for this study. All data were recorded on computer-oriented questionnaires in digital forms. The study forms consisted of five parts; (1) history and associated symptoms, (2) physical, neurologic and bedside examinations, (3) laboratory and brain imaging studies, (4) special tests including brainstem auditory evoked potentials and (5) clinical diagnosis. Of these 214 patients, secure diagnosis could be made in 186 patients or 86.9%. Of these, 92 patients had peripheral causes of vertigo, and 94 had central causes. Vestibular disorders accounted for the largest proportion of complaints of vertigo(48/92 or 52%). Of 94 patients with central causes of vertigo, vertebrobasilar insufficiency was the leading cause(25/94 or 27%). The most common site of the brain lesion proved by MRI was cerebellum(23/94 or 25%). BAEP study revealed abnormal findings in 6 cases of the 16 patients with central causes. This study not only offered a clinical information about vertigo, but also could be beneficial for further researches.
Brain ; Diagnosis ; Dizziness ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neuroimaging ; Neurology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensation ; Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency ; Vertigo