No abstract available.
Gastroenteritis* ; Humans*

No abstract available.
Autonomic Pathways* ; Rectal Neoplasms* ; Urodynamics*

No abstract available.
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders*

PURPOSE: HIF-1alpha(Hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha) and VEGF(vascular endothelial growth factor) have been reported to be involved in tumor growth and metastasis but little data concerning their role in transitional bladder cancer is available and few studies have yet evaluated their prognostic values. The aim of the present study was to assess HIF-1alpha and VEGF expression and to evaluate the relationship between HIF-1alpha/ VEGF and histopathologic characteristics in bladder tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: HIF-1alpha and VEGF immunohistochemical stainings were performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded archival tissues from 27 transitional bladder cancer tissues and from 4 normal bladder tissues as a control group. Interpretation of immunohistochemical staining was performed semi-quantitatively by one pathologist. RESULTS: Expressions of HIF-1alpha and VEGF tended to be higher in the patient group than in the control group. HIF-1alpha expression was correlated with VEGF expression. HIF-1alpha and VEGF tended to be positively correlated with pathologic stage and grade of transitional bladder cancer. CONCLUSIONS: HIF-1alpha and VEGF expression might be independent predictors of outcome, as well as stage and grade of transitional bladder cancer. This study suggests that HIF-1alpha and VEGF may be potential prognostic factors in bladder cancer.
Angiogenesis Inducing Agents ; Anoxia* ; Humans* ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms* ; Urinary Bladder* ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A*

Ewing's sarcoma is a neoplasm of the undifferenciated small round cells, which generally affects the bone and deep soft tissues of children and adolescents. We present a case of gastric Ewing's sarcoma; a 35-year-old female who had no symptoms. While she was at a routine medical checkup, a protruding mass in her gastric antrum was incidentally found on esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Endoscopic ultrasonogram showed a submucosal mass on the same lesion and a laparosopic wedge resection was done. Pathologic gross findings showed a granular grape appearance tissue and histoloigc examination revealed a small round cell tumor with CD 99 immunoexpression positive. In general, a combined modality therapy for Ewing's sarcoma such as surgical resection with chemotherapy, is accepted as an effective method. However, this patient had no adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery and she has no recurrence for eleven months.
Adolescent ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Child ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Endoscopy, Digestive System ; Female ; Humans ; Pyloric Antrum ; Recurrence ; Sarcoma, Ewing ; Vitis

Ewing's sarcoma is a neoplasm of the undifferenciated small round cells, which generally affects the bone and deep soft tissues of children and adolescents. We present a case of gastric Ewing's sarcoma; a 35-year-old female who had no symptoms. While she was at a routine medical checkup, a protruding mass in her gastric antrum was incidentally found on esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Endoscopic ultrasonogram showed a submucosal mass on the same lesion and a laparosopic wedge resection was done. Pathologic gross findings showed a granular grape appearance tissue and histoloigc examination revealed a small round cell tumor with CD 99 immunoexpression positive. In general, a combined modality therapy for Ewing's sarcoma such as surgical resection with chemotherapy, is accepted as an effective method. However, this patient had no adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery and she has no recurrence for eleven months.
Adolescent ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Child ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Endoscopy, Digestive System ; Female ; Humans ; Pyloric Antrum ; Recurrence ; Sarcoma, Ewing ; Vitis

PURPOSE: HIF-1alpha (Hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha) and VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) have been reported to be involved in tumor growth and metastasis, but only a little data on the roles of HIF-1alpha and VEGF in renal cell carcinomas are available, and few studies have yet evaluated their prognostic values. The aim of the present study was to assess the HIF-1alpha and VEGF expression and evaluate the relationships between HIF-1alpha/VEGF and the histopathological characteristics in renal cell carcinomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: HIF-1alpha and VEGF immunohistochemical stainings were performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded archival tissues from 22 renal cell carcinoma tissues and 13 normal kidney tissues, used as a control group. The interpretation of the immunohistochemical stainings were semi-quantitatively performed by one pathologist. RESULTS: The expressions of HIF-1alpha and VEGF were significantly higher in the patient than the control group. The HIF-1alpha and VEGF expressions were correlated to each other, and inclined to be positively correlated with the pathological stage and grade of the renal cell carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: The HIF-1alpha and VEGF expressions might be independent predictors of the outcome, as well as the stage and grade of renal cell carcinomas. This study suggests that HIF-1alpha and VEGF may be potential prognostic factors in renal cell carcinomas.
Angiogenesis Inducing Agents ; Anoxia* ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Humans* ; Kidney ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The pathological findings of Non-Q wave myocardial infarction(NQMI) on ECG did not always correspond to subendocardial infarction(SEMI). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic validity of ECG for SEMI by myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) in the patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study population was 84 patients who underwent MCE under the diagnosis of AMI. MCE was performed by intracoronary injection of sonicated Hexabrix into the infarct related artery and SEMI was diagnosed by inspecting endocardial defect with epicardial enhancement on MCE. RESULTS: (1) Among 19 NQMI cases, 7 cases showed SEMI with MCE score 0.5, 11 cases with score 1, and 1 case with score 0. Among 65 Q-wave MI(QMI) cases, only 5 cases showed SEMI. (2) 7 cases who had NQMI with SEMI showed LV wall motion recovery at follow-up echocardiography except 1 case. Whereas, of 5 QMI cases who had SEMI, only 1 case improve LV wall motion. CONCLUSION: NQMI on ECG does not always imply SEMI on MCE, but the absence of pathologic Q wave in the patients with SEMI is thought to be a predictive factor of the recovery of LV wall motion.
Arteries ; Diagnosis ; Echocardiography* ; Electrocardiography* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infarction* ; Ioxaglic Acid

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The pathological findings of Non-Q wave myocardial infarction(NQMI) on ECG did not always correspond to subendocardial infarction(SEMI). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic validity of ECG for SEMI by myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) in the patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study population was 84 patients who underwent MCE under the diagnosis of AMI. MCE was performed by intracoronary injection of sonicated Hexabrix into the infarct related artery and SEMI was diagnosed by inspecting endocardial defect with epicardial enhancement on MCE. RESULTS: (1) Among 19 NQMI cases, 7 cases showed SEMI with MCE score 0.5, 11 cases with score 1, and 1 case with score 0. Among 65 Q-wave MI(QMI) cases, only 5 cases showed SEMI. (2) 7 cases who had NQMI with SEMI showed LV wall motion recovery at follow-up echocardiography except 1 case. Whereas, of 5 QMI cases who had SEMI, only 1 case improve LV wall motion. CONCLUSION: NQMI on ECG does not always imply SEMI on MCE, but the absence of pathologic Q wave in the patients with SEMI is thought to be a predictive factor of the recovery of LV wall motion.
Arteries ; Diagnosis ; Echocardiography* ; Electrocardiography* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infarction* ; Ioxaglic Acid

PURPOSE: Wilms' tumor typically affects young children, with more than 80% of patients identified before 5 years of age. We evaluated the clinical features of Wilms' tumor according to age. MATERIALS AND METHODS: According to their age, 27 patients with Wilms' tumor who underwent radical nephrectomy were classified into group I (under 24 months: n=15), group II (24-48 months: n=4), and group III (over 48 months: n=8), respectively. We retrospectively reviewed tumor size, pathologic features, renal vein invasion, renal capsule invasion, bilaterality, lymphovascular invasion, stage, complete resection, and survival rate. RESULTS: The mean age of groups I, II, and III was 12.5+/-7.0 (range, 1-20), 33.3+/-5.7 (range, 24-39) and 126.9+/-89.1 (range, 54-300) months, respectively. Bilaterality (p<0.001) and male sexuality (p=0.039) were significantly related to early diagnostic age. Tumor stage (p=0.036) and blastema component (p=0.027) increased with age. Bilaterality and incomplete resection of Wilms' tumor were related to larger size (p<0.001) and vessel/lymph node invasion (p=0.02), respectively. There were no significant differences in tumor volume, anaplasia, capsule invasion, lymph node invasion, vessel invasion, complete resection, laterality, or recurrence according to age. There was also no significant difference in the survival rate according to age. CONCLUSIONS: Tumor stage and blastema component of Wilm's tumor increased with age. Bilaterality and male sexuality were related to an early diagnostic age. There was no significant difference in the survival rate according to age.
Age of Onset ; Anaplasia ; Child ; Glycosaminoglycans ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Male ; Nephrectomy ; Recurrence ; Renal Veins ; Retrospective Studies ; Sexuality ; Survival Rate ; Tumor Burden ; Wilms Tumor