Even though phototherapy is an effective means of treating hyperbilirubinemia, adequate binocular shields are essential to prevent light hazard of retina during phototherapy. The phototherapy to young albino rabbits was performed under various conditions; exposured for 12, 24, and 48 hours, continuity or intermittence of irradiation, and use of shields. Although there was no definite pathologic change in indirect ophthalmoscopic examination, severe damage was seen at electron microscopic level. In all experimental groups, swelling and edema of photoreceptor were seen. at right after phototherapy. Futhermore, more severe damage was seen in case of intermittent irradiated group and prolong exposed group. In mydriatic eyes, severity of damage was similiar to non mydi iatic eyes, but area of retinal damage was more extensive than non-mydriatic eves.. In control group which was protected by binocular shields during phototherapy, no significant abnormality was found.
Dermatitis, Phototoxic* ; Edema ; Hyperbilirubinemia ; Phototherapy ; Rabbits ; Retina ; Retinaldehyde* ; Telescopes

No abstract available.
Endoscopy ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage*

No abstract available.
Meconium* ; Peritonitis*

Osteoid osteoma is a distinctive benign lesion characterized by a less then 2 cm, pea-like mass of abnormal bone (nidus). The common sites of osteoid osteoma are femur, tibia, humerus, spine and talus. Mastoid tip, clavicle, acetabulum, coccyx, rib, hamate, scapula and scaphoid are rare sites of osteoid osteoma. Osteoid osteoma of the patella is also very rare and on review of literatures we could find only one reported case which was treated by surgical excision. We also experienced one case of osteoid osteoma located at the patella, so we report this case with review of literatures.
Acetabulum ; Clavicle ; Coccyx ; Femur ; Humerus ; Mastoid ; Osteoma, Osteoid* ; Patella* ; Ribs ; Scapula ; Spine ; Talus ; Tibia

PURPOSE: This study was undertaken to compare anterior fusion surgery with combined fusion surgery and to evaluate the efficacy of a combined fusion procedure in the surgical treatment of spinal tuberculosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From March 1990 to March 1998 thirty-four patients who had with spinal tuberculosis were divided into two groups depending on the surgical treatment methods that were to be used; one group consisted of twenty-two patients who were treated by an anterior fusion surgery, and the other group consisted of twelve patients who were treated by an combined fusion surgery. There were twelve males and twenty-two females who had a mean age of 45.6 year old in the study. The mean follow-up period was four years and six months. The clinical and radiological results that were obtained were evaluated. RESULTS: In anterior fusion group, the mean loss of the corrected kyphotic angle was 6.9 degrees and an excellent or good result was shown in nineteen patients (86.4%). In the combined fusion group, the mean loss in the corrected kyphotic angle was 5.6 degrees and an excellent or good result was shown in ten patients (83.3%). There was no significant statistical difference between the two groups. CONCLUSION: We conclude that an anterior radical excision of the involved body and an anterior fusion was the appropriate method for surgical treatment of spinal tuberculosis, and combined fusion should be carefully considered.
Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Tuberculosis, Spinal*

Cystic teratoma on the floor of the mouth is infrequent disease and known as congenital origin. Teratoma has no sex distribution. Treatrnent of the cystic teratoma is completely surgical excision and recurrence is rare. The authors have experienced a case of cystic teratoma on the floor of the mouth in neonate. We reported this case with review of literatures.
Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Mouth* ; Recurrence ; Sex Distribution ; Teratoma*

No abstract available.
Guillain-Barre Syndrome* ; Pregnancy*

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: There are common clinical cases in which the mandibular first and second molars are missing unilaterally. PURPOSE: This study was designed to compare and evaluate the magnitude and distribution of stress produced by four kinds of mandibular unilateral free-end removable partial dentures that could be applied clinically in Kennedy class II cases. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Four unilateral free-end removable partial dentures using clasp, Konus crown, resilient attachment, and flexible resin were fabricated on the photoelastic models of the Kennedy class II cases. The vertical load of 6kg was applied on the central fossa of the first molar of every removable partial denture in the stress freezing furnace and the photoelastic models were frozen according to the stress freezing cycle. After these models were sliced mesio-distally to a thickness of 6mm, the photoelastic isochromatic white and black lines of the sliced specimens were examined with the transparent photoelastic experiment device and photographs were taken with a digital camera. The fringe order numbers at eight measuring points in the photograph were measured with the naked eye. RESULTS: The maximum fringe order number of each sliced specimen and the fringe order number at the residual ridge just below the loading point were in the decreasing order of the unilateral removable partial dentures using flexible resin followed by clasp, resilient attachment, and Konus crown. The fringe order number at the root apex of the second premolar was in the decreasing order of the unilateral removable partial dentures using clasp followed by flexible resin, Konus crown, and resilient attachment. CONCLUSION: The removable partial denture using Konus crown showed the most equalized stress distribution to the supporting alveolar bone of abutment teeth and residual ridge under the vertical loads. The removable partial denture using flexible resin can be applied to the case that has a better state of residual ridge than abutment teeth.
Bicuspid ; Crowns ; Denture, Partial, Removable ; Eye ; Freezing ; Humans ; Molar ; Tooth

BACKGROUNDS: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSA) can divided into two groups, positional (PP) and non-positional(NPP) obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, according to the body position while sleeping. In this study, we evaluated the differences of anthropometirc data and polysomnographic recordings between the two types of sleep apnea syndrome. MATERIALS: Fifty patients with OSA were divided two groups by Cartwright's criteria. The supine respiratory disturbance index (RDI) was at least two times higher than the lateral RDI in the PP group, and the supine RDI was less than twice the lateral RDI in the NPP group. This patients underwent standardized polysomnographic recordings. The anthropometirc data and polysomnographic data were analyzed, statistically. RESULTS: Of all 50 patients, 30% were found to be positional OSA. BMI was significantly higher in the PP group(p<0.05). Total sleep time was significantly longer in the PP group (350.6±46.0min, p<0.05). Sleep efficiency was high in the PP group(89.6± 6.4%, 85.6±9.9%, p<0.05). Deep sleep was significantly higher and light sleep was lower in the PP group than in the NPP group but no difference was observed in REM sleep between the two groups. Apnea index(AI) and RDI were significantly lower(17.0±10.6, 28.5±13.3, p<0.05) and mean arterial oxygen saturation was higher in the PP group(92.7 ±1.8%, p<0.05) than in the NPP group. CONCLUSION: Body position during sleep has a profound effect on the frequency and severity of breathing abnormalities in OSA patients. A polysomnographic evaluation for suspected OSA patients must include monitoring of the body position. Breathing function in OSA patients can be improved by controlling their obesity and through postural therapy.
Apnea ; Humans ; Obesity ; Oxygen ; Polysomnography ; Respiration ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive* ; Sleep, REM

Background : It is not easy to diagnose sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma(MTC) before surgery and this might lead the patient reoperation and/or lowered chance of definite cure. Methods : The prevalence of sporadic MTC in Korean was studied in patients with thyroid nodules. A prospective study of 1048 consecutive patients with thyroid nodules was performed. In all patients, measurements of basal serum calcitonin, thyroid hormones, TSH, anti-thyroglobulin antibody and anti-thyroperoxidase antibody were undertaken along with technetium-99m thyroid scintigraphy and fine needle aspiration cytology. In patients with elevated basal calcitonin levels, calcium stimulated calcitonin level was determined. Results: Two patient had markedly elevated calcitonin levels(over 3,200 pg/mL and 1,763 pg/ mL) and another one slightly elevated calcitoni#n(71.9 pg/mL). Fine needle aspiration cytology was suggestive of MTC in one and nodular hyperplasia in the other two. They underwent surgery and histological examination revealed MTC in those two with markedly elevated calcitonin levels. The patient with slightly elevated calcitonin, who was on the maintenance hemodialysis due to chronic renal failure, had nodular hyperplasia. Conclusion: MTC was found in 0.19% of patients with thyroid nodules, which was not different with the previously reported prevalence in Europe. Routine measurements of serum calcitonin might be of value to detect sporadic MTC; however, the cost-effectiveness of routine measurement of serum calcitonin is not clear, considering the relatively low prevalence of MTC in Koreans.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Calcitonin ; Calcium ; Carcinoma, Medullary ; Europe ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Mass Screening ; Prevalence ; Prospective Studies ; Radionuclide Imaging ; Renal Dialysis ; Reoperation ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroid Hormones ; Thyroid Nodule