Objective:To investigate the value of computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma in different stages of focal ground-glass nodules (GGN).Methods:153 cases of lung adenocarcinoma with focal ground-glass nodule confirmed by surgery and pathology in Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from 2017 to 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The location, size, shape, boundary, density, blood vessels and bronchus of the lesions were analyzed by statistical analysis to determine the correlation between CT features and lung adenocarcinoma in different periods.Results:153 focal ground-glass nodules showed pure ground-glass nodules (pGGN) in 21 cases, mixed ground-glass nodules (mGGN) in 132 cases. 32 cases of pre-invasive lesions in lung adenocarcinoma at different stages, including 13 cases of type adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH), 19 cases of carcinoma in situ (AIS); 121 cases of invasive disease, including 35 cases of microinvasive adenocarcinoma (MIA) and 86 cases of invasive adenocarcinoma (IA); There were statistically significant differences in the CT image features of four different stages of pulmonary ground-glass nodule adenocarcinoma patients in the edge lobulation, thick and short burr, bronchial passage and occlusion, vascular thickening and convergence ( P<0.05). There were no statistically significant difference in the clear boundary, shape, slender burr, mild bronchiectasis, irregular vascular passing signs among the groups ( P>0.05). There were significant differences in the maximum length diameter and CT value of ground-glass nodules before infiltration and infiltrating lesions in 153 cases ( P<0.05). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis found that the combined evaluation of the maximum layer length and CT value of lesions had a good value for the invasion of lung adenocarcinoma, and the cut-off points were 13.04 mm, -447.48 Hu, respectively. There were significant differences in the maximum layer length and CT value between pGGN and mGGN ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Through the analysis of CT findings of lung adenocarcinoma in different stages of focal ground-glass nodule, it was found that different signs had different value for the pathological types of lung adenocarcinoma in different stages. mGGN was more inclined to invasive lesions, and GGN appeared lobulation, thick and short burr, vascular convergence, bronchial occlusion, and when the lesion diameter was more than 13.04 mm, average CT value >-447.48 Hu, highly suggestive of invasive lung adenocarcinoma.

This study aims to summarize the clinical features of subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH)caused by intraspi-nal schwannoma by analyzing 19 cases of intraspinal schwannoma manifesting as SAH who were admitted to our hospital or reported in the literature.The patients in this study had the clinical manifestation of severe headache and vomiting,with-out the symptoms of spinal cord or nerve root compression.Lumbar puncture confirmed SAH,and cerebral digital subtrac-tion angiography did not show intracranial aneurysms or vascular malformations.Spinal cord MRI showed extramedullary intradural tumor in the cervical segment,and pathological biopsy results confirmed the diagnosis of schwannoma.Some cases reported in the literature not only presented with SAH but also had the symptoms of spinal cord and nerve root com-pression.The clinical features of this disease suggest that clinicians should clarify the presence or absence of the symp-toms or signs of nerve root or spinal cord compression in SAH patients with negative intracranial imaging findings and per-form reasonable examinations to exclude intraspinal lesions.Early diagnosis and complete tumor resection can not only pre-vent bleeding and recurrence,but also effectively avoid irreversible damage to the spinal cord and nerve roots caused by the compression of intradural lesions in the spinal canal,thereby helping to improve the prognosis of patients.

Renal fibrosis is a devastating consequence of progressive chronic kidney disease,representing a major public health challenge worldwide.The underlying mechanisms in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis remain unclear,and effective treatments are still lacking.Renal tubular epithelial cells(RTECs)maintain kidney function,and their dysfunction has emerged as a critical contributor to renal fibrosis.Cellular quality control comprises several components,including telomere homeostasis,ubiquitin-proteasome system(UPS),autophagy,mitochondrial homeostasis(mitophagy and mitochondrial metabolism),endoplasmic reticulum(ER,unfolded protein response),and lysosomes.Failures in the cellular quality control of RTECs,including DNA,protein,and organelle damage,exert profibrotic functions by leading to senescence,defective autophagy,ER stress,mitochondrial and lysosomal dysfunction,apoptosis,fibro-blast activation,and immune cell recruitment.In this review,we summarize recent advances in un-derstanding the role of quality control components and intercellular crosstalk networks in RTECs,within the context of renal fibrosis.

Objective: To explore the association between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) exposure and cytochrome P450 CYP1A1 expression at gene and enzyme activity levels in the peripheral blood monocyte cells in coke oven workers, and to provide a certain basis for the biological monitoring of health damage in coke oven workers. Methods: We surveyed 118 coke oven workers and 63 controls (energy power workers in the same company) using self-designed questionnaire, determined their post-shift urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OH-Py) concentration using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-fluorescence detector method. We also isolated the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) from fasting venous blood, and detected DNA damage using comet assay, CYP1A1 mRNA level using the real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (FQ-PCR), and EROD activity using spectrophotometry. Statistical analyses including one-way analysis of variance and multiple linear regressions were used to analyze the association of urinary 1-OH-Py and CYP1A1 mRNA level and EROD activity. Results: Compared to the control group, the urinary 1-OH-Py concentration and PBMC DNA tail moment were significantly increased in coke oven workers (P<0.05), and CYP1A1 gene level and EROD activity in PBMC were significantly decreased (P<0.05). Multiple linear regression showed that a ten-fold increase of urinary 1-OH-Pycon centration was associated with a decrease of 0.77 (95%CI: -1.33--0.21) in CYP1A1 gene level, and a decline of 0.15 (95%CI: -0.76--0.16) in EROD activity of PBMC in coke oven workers (P<0.05). Conclusion Occupational PAHs exposure induced DNA damage, which was associated with the decreased level in CYP1A1 gene cavel and EROD activity in PBMC of coke oven workers.