To analyze the difficulty, distinction and result of the first national public health practice skills competition among college students, it showed the general situation of this competition, and discussed the present situation, problems and countermeasures of skills training for students majoring in preventive medicine. Based on such competition, educators can promote teaching reform and post competency training.

OBJECTIVETo study the expression of cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein-2 (C-IAP2) mRNA and protein in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its relationship with the clinical outcomes.

METHODSQuantitative PCR and immunohistochemical staining were used to detect the expression of C-IAP2 mRNA and protein in the tumor tissues and corresponding adjacent non-cancerous tissues from HCC patients.

RESULTSThe expression of C-IAP2 mRNA in HCC tissues was 2.70 folds higher than that in the non-cancerous tissues (P<0.001). The expression rate of C-IAP2 protein in HCC tissues was 70.8%, significantly higher than that in the non-cancerous tissues (27.8%, P=0.001). The expression of C-IAP2 mRNA and protein was associated with the tumor emboli, lymph node metastasis, AFP level, histological differentiation, TNM stage, postoperative recurrence and metastasis (P<0.05), but not with the patients' gender, age, HbsAg positivity, number of tumors, cirrhosis or the presence of tumor encapsulation (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe expression of C-IAP2 in HCC is associated with tumor recurrence and metastasis, and can be a biological marker for prognostic evaluation of HCC.

Baculoviral IAP Repeat-Containing 3 Protein ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; metabolism ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases

OBJECTIVETo study the expression of special AT-rich sequence binding protein 1 (SATB1) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines with different invasive capacities.

METHODSSATB1 expression was detected using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, RT-PCR, Western blotting and immunofluorescence in immortalized liver cell line HL-7702, noninvasive HCC cell lines HepG2 and SMMC-7721, MHCC97L cells with low invasiveness, and highly invasive cell lines MHCC97H and HCCLM3.

RESULTSIn comparison with HL-7702 cells, all the 5 HCC cell lines showed overexpression of SATB1 mRNA, which was the highest in the highly invasive HCCLM3 and MHCC97H cells, followed by MHCC97L cell line, and then by SMMC-7721 and HepG2 cell lines (P<0.001). The relative expression quantity of SATB1 protein in HepG2, SMMC-7721, MHCC97L, MHCC97H, and HCCLM3 cell lines was 0.271±0.002, 0.351±0.023, 0.621±0.026, 0.878±0.026, and 1.236±0.006, respectively. SATB1 expression level in HCCLM3 cell line was 4.6-fold higher than that in HepG2 cell line (P<0.001). SATB1 was found to localize in the cytoplasm and cell nuclei of the 5 HCC cell lines, and the highly invasive HCCLM3 and MHCC97H cell lines showed a strong positive staining for SATB1 in immunofluorescence assay.

CONCLUSIONSATB1 expression levels differ distinctly between the HCC cell lines with different invasive capacities and are possibly associated with the metastatic potentials of the cells.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Matrix Attachment Region Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the surgical techniques and appropriate perioperative management for ensuring successful orthotopic liver transplantation (ROLT) in rats.

METHODSBased on the double-cuff technique of Kamada, we modified the surgical techniques of separation, perfusion and cold preservation of the donor liver, shearing and anastomosis of the suprahepatic vena cava with optimized postoperative infusion protocols and animal care.

RESULTSTwo hundred and seventy rats underwent ROLT and a learning curve of the success rate was built to reflect the improvement of techniques. The learning curve showed steep improvements over the exploration stage, breakthrough stage and maturation stage, and the success rates increased sharply over time (0%, 71.1%, and 94.5%, respectively) until finally reaching over 90%. The shearing and anastomosis of the suprahepatic vena cava remained the most critical and difficult techniques in ROLT modeling.

CONCLUSIONProficient microsurgical techniques and meticulous nursing can reduce postoperative complications, enhance operational success rate and extend the survival time after ROLT.

Anastomosis, Surgical ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Graft Survival ; Liver ; surgery ; Liver Transplantation ; methods ; mortality ; Perioperative Care ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo detect the expression of Nusap1 of surgical margins in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and investigate its association with early tumor recurrence.

METHODSThe expression of Nusap1 in the surgical margins of HCC, which were histopathologically negative for tumor cells, was examined using immunohistochemistry in 61 HCC cases.

RESULTSFifteen of 21 (71.4%) cases with immunohistochemical positivity for Nusap1 expression in the surgical margins had early recurrence of HCC, a rate significantly higher than that in patients with negative Nusap1 expression (12/40, 30%) (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSNusap1 expression in the surgical margins of HCC is closely correlated to early postoperative recurrence and can serve as an indicator for predicting early recurrence of HCC.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; pathology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE： To study the effects of berberine hydrochloride on the pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in rats after single or multiple administration， and to provide reference for clinical combination therapy. METHODS： 30 rats were randomly divided into 5 groups， with 6 rats in each group： group one was treated with single administration of tacrolimus； group two was treated with tacrolimus intragastrically， twice a day， for consecutive 1 week； group three was treated with single administration of berberine hydrochloride， 5 min later given single administration of tacrolimus； group four was treated with tacrolimus intragastrically， twice a day， for consecutive 1 week， and then given tacrolimus intragastrically once 5 min after intragastric administration of berberine hydrochloride on the 8th day； group five was treated with berberine hydrochloride intragastrically， twice a day， and given tacrolimus intragastrically every 5 min， for consecutive 8 d. The doses of berberine hydrochloride and tacrolimus were 200 mg/kg and 0.945 mg/kg. The blood samples 0.3 mL were collected from posterior orbital venous plexus of rats 0， 5， 15， 30 min and 1， 2， 3， 4， 6， 8， 12 h after last intragastric administration of tacrolimus. The concentration of tacrolimus in rat whole blood was determined by LC-MS/MS. DAS 2.0 software was used for pharmacokinetic study. RESULTS： Compared with group one， the pharmacokinetic parameters AUC0-12 h， AUC0-∞ and MRT0-12 h of tacrolimus in rats were decreased significantly in group three （P＜0.05），while there was no statistical significance in all pharmacokinetic parameters of tacrolimus in group four （P＞0.05）. Compared with group two， AUC0-12 h of tacrolimus was decreased significantly while CLz was increased significantly in group four （P＜0.05）； there was no statistical significance in all pharmacokinetic parameters of tacrolimus in group five （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： Single and multiple intragastric administration of berberine hydrochloride has a certain effect on the pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in rats， it shows that there is a downward trend in blood drug concentration and needs to be used with caution.

ObjectiveTo determine the resistance of adult Culex quinquefasciatus and Musca domestica to commonly used insecticides in Dazhu District of Chongqing in 2023， and provide scientific evidence for rational use of hygienic insecticides. MethodsDrug resistance was determined by using adult mosquito contact tube method and adult fly drop method. ResultsIn 2023， the 24-hour mortality rate of adult Culex quinquefasciatus in Dazu District， Chongqing， against permethrin （0.25%）， beta-cypermethrin （0.025%）， deltamethrin （0.025%）， malathion （5%） and propoxur （0.1%） was 37.35%， 21.92%， 28.33%， 96.43%， and 95.38%， respectively. The median lethal dose （LD₅₀） value of female adult Musca domestica against beta-cypermethrin （95.8%）， chlorpyrifos （97%）， deltamethrin （90%） and dichlorvos （95%） was 2.572 μg， 0.329 μg， 0.406 μg， and 0.492 μg， respectively， with resistance of 829.68， 7.65， 53.42， and 46.42 folds to the above tested insecticides． ConclusionAdult Culex quinquefasciatus and Musca domestica in Dazu District show various degrees of resistance to commonly used insecticides. It warrants suspending the insecticides with high resistance， whereas mixedly and alternatively administering the insecticides with possible resistance and low resistance. Additionally， we should continue to monitor the resistance and guide the rational use of insecticides.