Objective: To research the application of dynamic-network probation in combination with traditional clinic probation in surgical practice teaching. Methods:Sixty four people in the undergraduate 2012(1, 2 session) set as the experimental group. 40 people in the undergraduate 2012(biochemical class) set as the control group. The traditional clinic probation was applied to the control group. The traditional clinic probation was applied to the control group. The dynamic-network probation in combination with traditional clinic probation was applied to experimental group. The teaching effects were evaluated and compared roundly. Results:The teaching effects of experimental group was significantly better than control group in all respects (x2=7.512, x2=6.797, x2=7.778, x2=4.768, x2=8.541;P<0.05). Satisfaction ratio of experimental group was significantly higher than that of control group in all respects of surgery teaching (x2=4.475, x2=5.900, x2=5.005, x2=5.904, x2=4.502; P<0.05). The examination performance of experimental group was significantly better than control group in theoretical knowledge and clinical skills testing (t=25.840, t=19.319;P<0.05). Conclusion:Dynamic-network probation in combination with traditional clinical probation has a great effect on surgical practice teaching and worth to be applied.

Although the history of Interventional Radiology is no longer than 50 years,interventional techniques have been dramatically developed. Interventional radiologists have been responsible for much of the medical innovations and development of the minimally invasive procedures that are commonplace today to treat many complicated diseases as physicians. But the education backgrounds of interventional radiologist in China are different. Therefore,we should be aware that the job of an interventional radiologist is totally different from that of a diagnostic radiologist. It is very important to train interventional radiologists for improving their clinical thinking and clinical competence. Herein,we propose our suggestions on how to improve the clinical thinking and clinical competence of interventional radiologists. In this paper we also systemically introduce the accurate and proper treatment procedures which should be strictly followed in clinical work and,meanwhile,the perioperative patients care is emphasized.

Gap junctions(GJ) form the chemical signal channels between cardiocytes.The core proteins of these channels are the connexins(Cx).The quantity or distribution of Cx will lead to the remodeling of GJ, which contributed to arrhythmia and remodeling following the acute myocardial infarction.GJ remodeling is the key reason and pathological basis of arrhythmia following acute myocardial infarction.How to increase the number of myocardial cells and lighten or reverse the heart reconstitution have become a focal point.In the acute myocardial infarction cell transplantation treatment, stem cells are characterized by self-renewal and multi-directional differentiation have been paid great attention.This study summarized the basis and clinical research of GJ structure, function, distribution, remodeling and stem cell transplantation treatment following myocardial infarction.

Objective: To provide the HPLC-ELSD fingerprint analysis method of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, and to reflect and comprehensively control the quality of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma. Methods: The HPLC-ELSD separation was performed on a C8 analytical column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm) gradient eluted with a mixture consisting of acetonitrile (A) and 0.2% acetic acid-water (B) at a flow rate of 1 mL/min with ELSD detector. Using a linear gradient of 0 min, 5% A; 5 min, 7% A; 5-15 min, 15% A; 15-36 min, 22% A; 36-43 min, 35% A; 43 min, 40% A; 51 min, 50% A; 51-60 min, 100% A. The temperature of column was 25 ℃. The flow rate of ELSD detector atomizer (air) was 2.6 mL/min. The temperature of the drift tube was 100 ℃ and the injection volume was 20 μL. Results: The fingerprint with better separation effect by using gradient elution method within 60 min was established, and also the 12 peak which are common peak were determined. The most of chemical components of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma were chromatographic separated in this HPLC-ELSD fingerprint. Conclusion: The method is simple and reliable, and in this way for the steroidal saponins and flavonoids of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma can be identified at the same time. Moreover, it can fully reflect the characteristics of the chemical composition of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, therefore it can be used as an effective quality control method for Anemarrhenae Rhizoma.

In the past several years, prevention and treatment of diabetes has become a hotspot in the research field, but there is blindness in the prevention and treatment of diabetes by Chinese materia medica (CMM). The research advances in anti-hyperglycaemic ingredients of CMM and their mechanism of action according to kinds of these compounds were summarized in this article. As the idea of application of CMM was proposed for the treatment of diabetes, the rationality of the application of CMM could be improved, the high activity of modern hypoglycemic CMM preparation could be developed.

Objective To construct recombinant lentivirus silence vector aiming at rictor gene in mTORC2 specific protein, and to investigate its regulation on mTORC2/SGK1 signal pathway and the effect on pulmonary alveolar epithelial sodium ion chan-nel,as well as the role in acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)and acute lung injury.Methods The interfering vector plas-mid and empty vector plasmid of target gene rictor were constructed,which and the lentivirus packaging system were co-transfected to 293T cells.The viral supernatant was collected,centrifuged,concentrated and purified for obtaining recombinant lentivirus.The virus titer was detected and the virus was infected to A549 cells.Stable cell lines were screened.RT-PCR was used to confirm the silencing situation of target gene rictor.The expression situation of various signal indexes in this pathway was detected by PCR and Western blot.Results The recombinant lentivirus of silence gene rictor was successfully constructed and transfected to A549 cell for obtaining stable cell lines.Compared with blank and control groups,the mRNA levels of rictor,downstream SGK1 andα-,β-andγ-ENaC in the shRNA-rictor group were significantly decreased (P <0.05 ).Meanwhile,the protein levels of rictor,downstream SGK1,P-SGK andα-,β-andγ-ENaC in the shRNA-rictor group were significantly decreased compared with the other two groups(P<0.05).Conclusion Silence rictor gene has the obvious regulation effect on mTORC2/SGK1 signal pathway,meanwhile affects the expression of pulmonary alveolar epithelial cellular α-,β-and γ-ENaC at gene and protein level.It is speculated that mTORC2/SGK1 may be an important signal pathway for regulating the clearance capacity of pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells on pulmonary alveolar fluid and simultaneously affecting the pulmonary edema formation.

Purpose To study the clinicopathological features and immunohistochemical characteristics of IgG4-related disease. Meth-ods The microscopic characteristics and immunohistochemical staining (EnVision) of IgG, IgG4, CD138 and CD34 have been per-formed on 12 cases of IgG4-related disease. Results IgG4-related disease were characterized by diffuse fibrosis, accompanied with in-filtrating of dense lymphocytes and plasma cells surrounding neurovascular and occlusive phlebitis. Immunohistochemical staining re-sults showed the ratio of IgG4+/IgG+ cells were over 40%. Conclusions IgG4-related disease is absent of characteristic clinical and radiographic features and is easily misdiagnosed as tumor. Preoperative serum IgG4 detection could be used as the prior examina-tion for the suspected cases.

Objective To evaluate the interventional treatment of Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS)with regard to different types of the disease.Methods One hundred and fifty-nine consecutive cases with BCS underwent interventional treatments with regard to different types of the diseases,including percutaneous angioplasty (PTA),transcatheter thrombolysis,endovascular stent implantation and modified transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(MTIPS).Among them,147 cases that underwent complete follow-up were enrolled in this study.Simple obstruction of HV,membranous obstruction of IVC,membranous obstruction of IVC combined with thrombosis in the distal lumen and segmental obstruction of IVC constituted 13.6/(20),66.0/(97),6.1/(9)and 14.3/(21/147),respectively.The technical success rate of each type Was determined.They were followed up for(67.3±9.0)months (16 h-104 months).Overall primary patency rote was evaluated.The late effect on liver function Was analyzed according to the Child-Push score.Results The primary patency rate of PTA was 65.6/ (86/131)and the secondary pateney rate was 96.9/(124/128).The primary patency rate of stent implantation was 78.9/(15/19)and the secondary patency rate Was 92.3/(24/26).One patient of type Ⅲa that received recanalization,catheter-directed thrombolysis and PTA in IVC died of hemoptysis 72 h after the procedtire.One patients of type I b who received MTIPS died of DIC 16 hrs after the procedure.And one patient of type Ⅳb who received MTIPS died of hver failure 13 months after the procedure.Twelve patients died in 7-79 months after the interventional procedure due to unrelated causes.At the end of follow-up,the liver function of the patients Was improved. Conclusions Optimal application of various vascular interventional techniques has a satisfactory primary and secondary patency rate and improves the long-term liver function.

Objective To study the efficacy of laparoscopic ligation and resection for the treatment of interstitial tubal pregnancy.Methods Totally 32 patients with interstitial tubal pregnancy were enrolled into this study.The cases were randomly divided into groups A and B(16 in each).Laparoscopic ligation and resection was performed in group A,while the patients in group B received traditional salpingectomy to remove the embryo after local electrical coagulation.The operation time,intraoperative blood loss,rates of conversion to open surgery and postoperative complications,the 24-hour change of ?-hCG,and the recovery time of ?-hCG level were compared between the two groups.Results Compared to the group B,group A had significantly shorter operation time and less blood loss (40?16)min vs(60?19)min,t=-3.178,P=0.004;and(40?12)ml vs(95?26)ml,t=-7.644,P=0.000].The 24-hour change and recovery time of the level of ?-hCG were similar between the two groups (9889?7945)mIU/ml vs(9696?7883)mIU/ml,t=0.068,P=0.946;(10.1?3.2)d vs(9.8?2.4)d,t=0.294,P=0.771].Conclusions Laparoscopic ligation and resection is effective for the treatment of interstitial tubal pregnancy.