This paper reviewed the emergence process of the subject and methodology of Chinese Medicines' Authentication. Based on the research progress and major achievements acquired in research of each methodology including identification of origin, description, microscopic, physical, chemical and biological characteristics of Chinese medicines, it is expounded that the development process of each methodology combined modem digital technology, information science and its own characteristics. And the development direction is further described for methodology of Chinese Medicines' Authentication towards systematization and informationization.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; history ; methods ; Drug Contamination ; prevention & control ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; history ; pharmacology ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Quality Control

Objective To compare the concentration of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), MCP-1 and RANTES in peritoneal fluid in women with endometriosis and normal peritonal fluid ,To explore the relationship between these cytokines with pathogenesis of endometriosis. Methods There were 2 groups:the endometriosis group and the control group.Double-antibody sandwich ABC-ELISA technique was adopted for determinating concentration of NF-кB、MCP-1 and RANTES in peritoneal fluid. Results Peritoneal fluid level of NF-κB MCP-1 and RANTES in endometriosis patients was higher than the control group (P < 0.05). NF-κB and MCP-1, NF-κB and RANTES expressed positive correlation by linear correlation analysis in both EMs group and control group , correlation coefficients were 0.385, 0.569(EMs group), 0.474, 0.388(P < 0.05). Conclusions NF-кB、MCP-1 and RANTES are mutual affection and promote endometriosis in the pathogenesis.

Objective To study incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the acute phase and follow-up period after stroke, and to investigate risk factors of DVT. Methods This was a prospective study at multi-centers. Ultrasonography was used for detecting DVT on both lower extremities in all patients at 10-14 days after the onset of stroke. All patients were followed up for 6 months after discharge. The incidence of DVT was examined in the acute phase and in the follow-up period of stroke. A variety of patient and treatment related factors were compared between stroke patients with DVT and without DVT to identify DVT risk factors. Results The incidence of DVT in the acute period of stroke was 4. 49%. Among DVT patients, 51.6% patients presented clinical DVT symptoms. By multiple factors logistic regression analysis,age ( ≥70 years, OR = 1.63, 95% CI 1.08-2. 84), bedridden( OR =4. 85, 95% CI 2.65-9. 68 ), wells score ≥ 2 ( OR = 3.96, 95% CI 1.86-7. 86 ), lower limbs NIHSS score ≥ 3 ( OR = 4. 56, 95% CI 2. 07-8. 85 ), high D-dimer ( OR = 3.45, 95% CI 2. 01-8. 52 ), low BI scores ( OR = 2. 98, 95% CI 1.52-6. 47 ), rehabilitation therapy ( OR = 1.82, 95% CI 1.22-3.43 ) and anticoagulant therapy ( OR =1.91,95% CI 1. 34-4. 92 ) were independent risk factors of DVT in the acute phase of stroke. Among them, the rehabilitation therapy and anticoagulant therapy were protective factors. The incidence of DVT in the follow-up periods was 1. 51%. Age ( ≥ 70 years, OR = 1.82, 95% CI 1.21-3.98 ), bedridden after discharge( OR = 5. 12, 95% CI 2. 82-11.32), lower limbs NIHSS score ≥3 ( OR = 4. 25, 95% CI 2. 11-7. 87), low BI score( OR = 2. 18, 95% CI 1.18-6.23 )at the time of discharge and DVT in acute period (OR =3.81,95%CI 1.87-7.48)were independent risk factors of DVT in the follow-up period of stroke.Conclusions Stroke patients, particularly old-aged stroke patients, are a high-risk group of developing DVT. 48.4% DVT patients had no clinical DVT symptoms but were diagnosed only by ultrasonography.There are multiple independent risk factors of DVT after stroke. It is necessary to monitor and prevent DVT in the stroke patients with the risk factors. The rehabilitation therapy and anticoagulant therapy may decrease incidence of DVT.

Diabetic rats were induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin.TUNEL and immunohistochemistry results showed that the renal tubular cell apoptosis index(AI)and Bax protein expression were significantly reduced,and the Bcl-2 protein expression in glomeruli was significantly increased in diabetic rats with stable hyperglycemia treated by benazepril compared with diabetic rats with stable hyperglycemia treated by vehicle(all P

Objective To investigate the possible protective effect of adenoviral vector expressing interleukin-1β (IL-1β) small hairpin RNA (shRNA) on spinal cord injury (SCI) and its mechanism in rats.Methods Forty-eight adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups including the Sham, the Vehicle,the Ad-GFP and the Ad-shIL-1β groups.SCI was induced by epidural compression.Motor function of hind limbs was evaluated by Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) score, the expressions of green fluorescence in injured spinal cord tissue were observed by fluorescence microscope.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunofluorescence were also performed.Results The expressions of green fluorescence in injured spinal cord tissue were observed in the Ad-GFP and Ad-shIL-1β groups one day after SCI.Significant functional improvement was observed in the Ad-shIL-1β group (8.17 ± 1.17, 10.17 ± 0.98 and 11.33 ± 0.82, respectively) compared to the Vehicle (4.00 ± 0.89, 5.67 ± 1.03 and 6.17 ± 1.17, respectively) and Ad-GFP (3.83 ± 0.98, 5.33 ± 1.21 and 5.67 ± 1.03, respectively) groups at 7, 14 and 21 days after SCI (P ＜ 0.05).Rats in the Ad-shIL-1β group had less neuronal loss 21 days after SCI.In addition, IL-1β downregulation significantly decreased IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-or (TNF-α) and IL-6 levels (138.83 ± 7.96,143.38 ± 10.20 and 120.43 ± 9.79 in Ad-shIL-1β group;169.33 ± 11.45, 172.33 ± 8.26 and 163.00 ± 9.57 in Vehicle group;172.83 ± 10.85,167.48 ± 8.19 and 159.48 ± 10.98 in Ad-GFP group, respectively) one day after SCI (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion This study demonstrated that the IL-1β downregulation may have potential therapeutic benefits for improving the outcomes after SCI.

Shanghai University of TCM was the first Chinese medicine university that established field-grade experimental teaching center in China.And both of the Chinese medicine and Chinese herbs experimental teaching centers became national experimental teaching demonstration centers.There is general improvement in laboratories conditions,so the experimental teaching team building is the critical factor of improving experimental teaching quality.The experimental teaching team of Shanghai University of TCM consists of excellent teachers as its backbone,and lecturers and technicians from fields in traditional Chinese medicine Chinese herbs and clinical practices.The team members cooperate with each other by setting up experimental teaching research groups to improve teaching quality,which plays an important role in building experimental teaching demonstration center.

Objective To study the mechanism of mast cell increase in cellular leiomyoma of uterus.Methods Tissue sections from 30 cases of cellular leiomyoma of uterus,15 cases of leiomyosarcoma and 30 cases of ordinary leiomyoma were studied using immunohistochemical double labeling techniques.The expression of mast cell tryptase ahd Ki-67 as well as mast cell tryptase and chemotactic factors RANTES,Eotaxin,monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1),transforming growth factor-? (TGF-?)were double immunostained.Results Ki-67 in mast cells was rarely expressed in each group. Expressions of regulate upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted(RANTES),Eotaxin and TGF-? in cellular leiomyoma were 78%,89%,91%,respectively.They were all higher than those in ordinary leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma(P

Objective To evaluate the value of dual echo technique in combination with apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC) in differentiating acute benign vertebral fracture from metastasis.Methods 43 patients (mean age, 68.2 years) with 79 metastatic vertebrae and 59 patients(mean age,60) with 68 acute vertebral fractures were included in our study.The slices of largest size of lesion on T1WI were selected to measure and calculate the signal intensity ratio(SIR) and ADC of lesions.The difference of ADC values and SIR between benign acute vertebral fractures and vertebral metastasis were compared.Parallel test,serial test and receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC) analysis of logistic model were done.Results ADC values of metastasis and acute benign fracture were (1.32±0.5)×10~（-3）mm~2/s and (2.39±0.4)×10~(-3)mm~~2/s respectively,and SIR of them were 1.00±0.01 and 0.85±0.01 respectively,there were significantly different between these two entities with the two tests(P<0.05).The area under the curve(AUC) for SIR was 0.897 and for ADC was 0.960,there is significantly different between these two tests in AUC(P=0.02).When 0.97 as cut off value for SIR,the sensitivity and specificity were 84.81% and 76.47%% respectively,when 1.87×10~(-3)mm~2/s as cutoff value for ADC , the sensitivity and specificity were 93.67% and 91.18% respectively . The sensitivity and specificity were 99.04% and 69.73% respectively in the parallel tests and 79.44%,97.92% in the serial test.A combining predictor established with logistic regression model showed a high AUC:0.985,which was higher than that of ADC and SIR alone.The AUC under ROC for ADC was significantly larger than that of SIR . When 0.55 as cut off value for this combining predictor , the sensitivity and specificity were 98.73% and 95.59% respectively.Multiple comparisons were performed with LSD-t test :combining predictor>ADC>SIR,it showed that there was significantly different between indexes(P<0.05). Conclusion ADC in combination with SIR can improve the effects in differentiating benign acute vertebral fractures and vertebral metastasis.

OBJECTIVETo summarize the clinical application result of the selective nerve root blocks in limited operation of the lumbar spine.

METHODSFrom January 2008 to October 2012,68 patients with lumbar spinal canal stenosis with multiple levels were underwent the selective nerve root blocks in limited operation of the lumbar spine,including 47 males and 21 females with an average age of 56 years old ranging from 45 to 80. After never roots blocks,64 cases were positive for limited operation of the lumbar spine; the other 4 cases were negative and abort the operation.

RESULTSThe nerve roots block operation smoothly and no complications related to the nerve roots block occurred. There was no neurologic injury complication in this study. Follow-up period ranged from 16 to 45 months postoperatively (means, 32 months). The recovery effect was calculated with Macnab scores, the result was excellent in 44 cases, good in 18 cases, poor in 1.

CONCLUSIONOperative treatment for lumbar spinal canal stenosis with multiple levels is focused on the areas causing symptomate neural compression rather than prophylactic decompression at areas of nonsymptomatic disease. Application of selective nerve root blocks can accurately judge the responsible vertebral body and pain source and improve the curative effect of limited operation of the lumbar spine

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nerve Block ; methods ; Spinal Nerve Roots ; Spinal Stenosis ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo summarize the clinical application results of the repair soft tissue defect in contralateral leg with a cross-leg soleus muscle flap pedicle transplantation.

METHODSFrom January 2008 to January 2013, 8 patients with soft-tissue defect in lower leg underwent reconstruction with a cross-leg soleus muscle flap pedicle transplantation (without microvascular anastomoses). There were 7 males and 1 female, aged from 20 to 49 years old with an average of 31.8 years. The operative time after injury was from 2 to 8 weeks with the mean of 46 days. The soleus muscle flap was transposed across to the contralateral leg defect area, then immediate to perform the coverage of the muscle flaps by a meshed split-thickness skin graft. The donor site was closed directly.

RESULTSAll the muscle flaps had survived completely. In one case, recipient area edge had a less exudate from drainage hole everyday, the incision spontaneously was healed after 2 week's changing dressing. Follow-up period ranged form 1.5 to 4 years with an average of 2.5 years postoperatively. The tibia and fibula fractures were healed well. A good contour was achieved at the recipient area. According to LEM standard, 2 cases got excellent results, 5 good and 1 fair.

CONCLUSIONSoleus flap pedicle transplantation is very suitable to repair the soft tissue defect of the injuried leg only one main blood vessel, and can reduce the damage of donor area.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Leg Injuries ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; surgery ; Surgical Flaps