Objective: To design and prepare a fiberoptic bronchoscopy training box and to study its primary application. Methods: According to the length of optical fiber, the height, the length and the width of the box were set at 400 mm, 200 mm and 200 mm. The box contained 6 layers from the top to the bottom: the top-layer, layer-A, layer-B, layer-C, layer D and the bottom layer, with the area of each layer being 200 mm × 200 mm and the distance between each 2 layers was about 80 mm. According to the diameter of optical fiber, the diameter of the holes was set at 6 mm. Except for the bottom-layer, the other 5 layers had different numbers of holes: the top-layer and layer-A only had a central hole(central hole in every layer was defined as hole-0), layer B had 5 holes(hole-0 to 4), layer C had 9 holes(hole-0 to 8), layer D had 17 holes(hole-0 to 16). The training started from the top-layer. The orders were given according to the layers and the numbers of the holes and the orders were executed, then the box was open to examine the outcome of the execution. Results: We successfully designed a fiberoptic bronchoscopy training box. If the training instruction order was A0-B2-C4-D7, the trainees should manipulate the optical fiber via the central hole in top-layer and layer-A, hole-2 in layer B, hole 4 in layer-C, and hole-7 in layer-D. The results of manipulation can be examined after opening the door. Conclusion: The fiberoptic bronchoscopy training box is a easy-to-operate and practical tool for training of fiberoptic bronchoscopy manipulation.

In-vitro assay methods were established to evaluate transactivation and binding activity of compounds on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor y (PPARγ). Firstly, plasmids were constructed for transactivation assay of PPARγ response element (PPRE) triggered reporter gene expression, and for cell-based binding activity assay of the chimeric receptor, which was fused with PPARγ ligand binding domain (LBD) and yeast transcriptional activator Gal4. Secondly, by using PPARy competitive binding assay based on time resolved-fluorescence resonance energy transfer (TR-FRET), affinities of compounds and drugs to PPARγ were evaluated. In application of these above methods, the PPARγ activating potency and characteristics of different compounds were evaluated, and a novel benzeneselfonamide derivative, ZLJ01, was found to have comparable binding activity and affinity with the well-known PPARy agonist, but lack of PPRE mediated transactivation activity. In preliminary study on in-vitro hypoglycemic activity, ZLJ1 was found to promote insulin-stimulated glucose uptake by liver cells. Therefore, we believe that combining transactivation and binding activity as well as affinity evaluation, the system could be used to screen non-agonist PPARγ ligand as anovel PPARγ modulator
Genes, Reporter ; Hepatocytes ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; chemistry ; Ligands ; PPAR gamma ; agonists ; chemistry ; Plasmids ; Response Elements ; Sulfonamides ; chemistry ; Transcriptional Activation

microRNAs (miRNAs) are small molecular non-coding RNA with 21-25 nucleotides in a variety of eukaryotic systems, and regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level by degrading or translational repressing target messenger RNA (mRNA). Many studies have showed the roles of miRNAs in normal lymphocytopoiesis, giving an interpretative key to the aberrant expression observed in human lymphoid malignancies. The recent advances of understanding the roles of miRNAs in lymphoid malignancies show that miRNAs as tumoral biomarkers can effectively be used for diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of response to therapy. This review focuses the roles of miRNA in development and differentiation of lymphocytes and the relation of miRNA to lymphoid malignancies.
Cell Differentiation ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; cytology ; Lymphopoiesis ; genetics ; MicroRNAs ; Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics

Objective To compare the effect of levosimendan and milrinone on treatment of severe heart valve disease patients with postoperative low cardiac output syndrome. Methods Fifty-six severe heart valve disease patients with postoperative low cardiac output syndrome were selected, and the patients were divided into levosimendan group and milrinone group according to treatment method with 28 cases each. Both groups received symptom-relieved therapy, including cardiotonic, diuresis and other drugs. The patients in levosimendan group were combined with 24 h of continuous intravenous injection of levosimendan 0.05-0.20 μg/(kg·min) for 1 week, and the patients in milrinone group were combined with 24 h of continuous intravenous injection of milrinone 0.25-1.00 μg/(kg·min) for 1 week, in order to maintain mean arterial pressure ≥ 65 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa). The cardiac output, cardiac index, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and the serum levels of lactic acid, creatinine, N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) were compared between 2 groups. Results There were no statistical differences in cardiac output, cardiac index, LVEF, and the serum levels of creatinine, lactic acid, NT-proBNP before treatment between 2 groups (P>0.05). The cardiac output, cardiac index, LVEF, and the serum levels of creatinine, lactic acid and NT-proBNP after treatment in 2 groups were significantly better than those before treatment, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). There were no statistical differences in cardiac output, cardiac index and LVEF after treatment between 2 groups (P>0.05). The serum levels of creatinine, lactic acid and NT-proBNP after treatment in levosimendan group were significantly lower than those in milrinone group: (102.82 ± 21.31) μmol/L vs. (115.64 ± 58.73) μmol/L, (1.7 ± 1.4) mmol/L vs. (2.2 ± 1.0) mmol/L and (1 149 ± 515) ng/L vs. (1 321 ± 472) ng/L, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). Conclusions Both the two drugs can significantly improve cardiac function in severe heart valve diseases patients with postoperative low cardiac output syndrome, while the levosimendan has more advantages in lowering serum creatinine, lactic acid value and NT-proBNP.

Objective To study the clinical value of short term variation(STV)of fetal heart rate. Methods Three hundred thirty-eight pregnant women who delivered at our hospital during June 2002 and Dee 2005 were studied.All the eases were examined by non-stress test(NST)and vibratory acoustic stimulation test(VAST).Meanwhile,they were also analyzed by Sonieaid system 8002.One hundred fifty cases with STV≥5.0 ms as control group,and 188 cases with STV

Objective To study the subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA) in detail, on its clinical manifestations, imaging characteristics, pathological subtypes, surgical treatment and prognosis. Methods Five patients with SEGA proved by surgery and pathology were analyzed retrospectively on their clinical manifestations, treatment and prognosis. Results Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) combined with SEGA, an autosomal dominant inherited disease, mostly occurred in children. The typical clinical feature was named as Vogt tri-symptoms-sebaceous adenoma, hypophrenia and epilepsy. Because most of tumors were found at the foramcn of Monro, obstructive hydrocephaluseasily occurred due to the obstruction of foramen of Monro and the third ventricle. Five tumors were totally removed by microsurgery without any postoperative complications. No patients received chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Follow-up between 1 and 8 years indicated no recurrence, and all clinical symptoms of these 5 patients were disappeared after operation. Conclusions SEGA belongs to the low-grade intracranial tumors, which has a more satisfied outcome with a low recurrence rate. The major therapy of SEGA is total resection of the tumor by microsurgery, and it has no need to give chemoand radiotherapy after operation.

This study is to investigate the effect of osthol on osteoclasts' activity, bone resorption as well as apoptosis in vitro, and explore the mechanism of osthol in preventing osteoporosis. Osteoclasts were separated from long-limb bones of new born rabbits, cultured in 24-well plate with glass slices and bone slices, and treated by 1 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1) osthol. Osteoclasts were identified by observing live cells with phase contrast microscope, HE staining, TRAP staining and toluidine blue staining of bone resorption pits. The numbers of bone resorption pits were counted as well as the surface area of bone resorption on bone slice. Osteoclasts were stained with acridine orange to detect the cell apoptosis. The ratio of apoptotic osteoclasts was observed under fluorescence microscope. The gene expression of RANKL, OPG, TRAP and p-JNK1/2 protein expression were examined using real time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Comparing with the control group without osthol, the rates of apoptotic osteoclasts increased obviously and the number and area of bone resorption pits decreased evidently with 1 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1) osthol. There is significant difference between control group and experiment group treated by 1 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1) osthol. Therefore, the osthol through RANK+RANKL/TRAF6/Mkk/JNK signal pathway inhibits the osteoclasts activity, enhances osteoclasts apoptotic and inhibits the bone resorption.
Acid Phosphatase ; metabolism ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Bone Resorption ; Cells, Cultured ; Cnidium ; chemistry ; Coumarins ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression ; Isoenzymes ; metabolism ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8 ; metabolism ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 9 ; metabolism ; Osteoclasts ; metabolism ; pathology ; Osteoprotegerin ; metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; RANK Ligand ; metabolism ; Rabbits ; Seeds ; chemistry ; Signal Transduction ; Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase

China ; Disaster Medicine ; Disasters ; statistics & numerical data ; Earthquakes ; statistics & numerical data ; First Aid ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Mass Casualty Incidents ; statistics & numerical data ; Rescue Work

Objective To observe the morphologic changes of peripheral blood lupus cell in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and investigate its relationship with disease activity in systemic lupus ery- thematosus.Methods Modified classical blood clotting method to observe the morphological changes of pe- ripheral blood lupus cells in 80 cases with systemic lupus erythematosus.Fifty cases were in active stage,and 30 cases were in stable stage.Comparison of serum autoantibody,complement and SLEDAI were also carried out.Results There was significant association between lupus cells in special morphous and autoantibody, such as anti-double-stranded DNA antibody,anti-nucleosome antibodies,complement C3、C4 and SLEDAI(r= 0.588,P=0.056:r=0.759,P=0.135;r=-0.648,P=0.058;r=-0.589,P=0.057,r=0.686,P

This paper reports a new circular retractor for anal, rectal, vaginal and urethral surgeries. The clinical applications show that the retractor can provide and expose a better visual field for operations, saving time and labour, with safety and reliability. So it is a practical medical device worth being popularized.
Anal Canal ; surgery ; Equipment Design ; Female ; Humans ; Rectum ; surgery ; Stainless Steel ; Surgical Instruments ; Urethra ; surgery ; Vagina ; surgery