Objective To compare the laryngeal mask insertion conditions at different plasma target concentrations (Cp) during the induction of anesthesia with target-controlled infusion (TCI) of propofol.Methods Forty-five ASA I - II patients of both sexes aged 18-60 yr, weighing 50-80 kg undergoing minor surgery in which the use of laryngeal mask (LM) was indicated were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 15) according to Cp of propofol set during induction of anesthesia: 4, 6 and 8 ?g ? ml-1 . The patients were premedicated with intramuscular scopolamine 0.3 mg. Fentanyl 3 ?g?kg-1 was given i.v. . TCI of propofol was started 3 min later with Diprifusor (Graseby 3500 infusion pump). LM was inserted when the effect-site concentration (EC) of propofol reached 2.5 ?g ? ml -1 as displayed on the infusion pump. LM insertion conditions (mouth opening, gagling, coughing, head and limb movement, overall ease of insertion) were assessed. The total dose of propofol, insertion time, the time needed to reach EC 2.5 ?g?ml-1 were recorded. SP, DP, HR and BIS value were recorded at 6 time points: baseline before induction (T1 ) , at the loss of consciousness (T2), at EC 2.5 ?g ? ml-1 (T3), immediately (T4), 3 min (T5) after insertion of LM. Results The SP, DP, HR and BIS value were decreasing with increasing depth of anesthesia in the 3 groups. The decrease in BP and BIS value after insertion of LM was significantly larger in group 3 (8 ?g ?ml-1) than in group 1 and 2 (P

Adolescent ; Dentigerous Cyst ; pathology ; Humans ; Jaw Cysts ; pathology ; Male

Objective To investigate the effect of the genotypic analysis of donor from cardiac death donation on the initial dose of Tac for liver transplant recipients and provide individualized administration for the early use of Tac in liver transplantation patients.Method Thirty recipients with a different genotype of CYP3A5 from cardiac death donors were collected from March 2010 to February 2013.The matched recipients were randomly divided into experiment group and control group.There was an adjustment of initial doses of Tac according to the donors' different CYP3A5 genotypes in experiment group but not in control group.Result In experiment and control groups,the average Tac blood concentrations at the 7th day after operation were (7.47 ± 1.83) and (8.68 ± 5.14) ng/mL,and the percent of recipeints reaching the optimal Tac concentrations was 72.2％ and 38.9％,respectively (P＜0.05).In experiment and control groups,22.2％ and 55.6％ recipients needed adjustments of Tac concentrations respectively (P＜0.05).Conclusion Individualized adjustment of Tac initial doses of recipients according to cardiac death donors' different CYP3A5 genotypes was benefit for reaching optimal concentrations as soon as possible and could decrease the rate of rejection,and reduce the side effects of Tac.

Objective To study molecular adsorbent recycling system (MARS) in the treatment of patients with acute liver failure waiting for liver transplantation. Methods The effects of MARS artificial liver treatments in 16 cases were reviewed. Results There was a remarkable improvement in clinical symptoms and physical signs after MARS treatment, including significant decrease in prothrombin time, total bile acid, level of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, and blood ammonia (P＜0.05＝;There was no statistical change in NO,TNF-α and IL-10(P＞0.05).Sequential organ failure assessment(SOFA)score decreased from 9.91±1.09 to 6.64±1.76 and Glascow coma score increased from 7.29±2.06 to 13.26±2.14.Fourteen patients were tided over to liver transplantation among them 13 patients survived and were successfully discharged from the hospital. The survival rate was 89.5%.Conclusion MARS is a safe and effective assistant device in bridging acute liver failure patients to liver transplantation.

The progress in integrative medicine (IM) of coronary heart disease (CHD) in 2013 was summarized in this paper. Gratifying progress has taken place both in clinical studies and basic research of IM on CHD during 2013. We got some innovation in Chinese medical etiologies and pathogeneses of CHD. We also got some improvement in researches on Chinese medical syndromes in various fields. Many clinical studies have proved Chinese medicine and pharmacy is playing a role in preventing and improving CHD patients. In-depth basic researches on preventing and treating CHD by IM are gradually undergoing. Acting targets and mechanism are further clarified. Besides, we also pointed out the developing tendency of CHD researches and the current deficiency in CHD researches, hoping to provide reference for further studies in this field.
Coronary Disease ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Integrative Medicine

The aim of this paper is to apply Raman spectroscopy technique to develop rapid quantitative models for five kinds of Traditional Chinese Medicine containing CaCO3. In the experiment, Raman spectras of 67 batch of sample including Otolithum Sciaenae, Galaxeae Os, Ophicalcitum, Calcite, Stalactite and their mixture which had different content of CaCO3 were collected, and the quantitative models were established by using an improved siPLS to optimize the characteristic spectral bands and using the CaCO3 contents which were measured by EDTA titration method as references. Compared with the results by EDTA titration, the established quantitative model for CaCO, content showed a prediction result that the average relative deviation of the prediction results is 2. 71% and the average recovery rate was 100.46%, when the content is between 0.465 4-0.999 7, and when the characteristic spectral bands of 1 290-1 280, 730-714, 700-690, 660-650, 465-460, 455-445, 405-385 cm(-1) had been optimized. The result also showed that the model using Raman spectroscopy and based on an improved siPLS can get a rapid determination for contents of 5 kinds of Traditional Chinese Medicine containing CaCO3.
Calcium Carbonate ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Least-Squares Analysis ; Models, Statistical ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Spectrum Analysis, Raman ; methods

Objective To approach the effect of fluoride on the expression of thyroid peroxidase(TPO)activity and TPO mRNA in primary porcine thyrocytes.Methods Purified cultured porcine thyrocytes waft made into sodium fluoride model,and were divided according to the final concentration of NaF into 0(control group),40,80,160 mg/L.After exposed to NaF for 48 h,the morphology of the porcine thyrocytes was investigated with acridine orange staining method,TPO activity was measured with upgrade guaiacol method and RT-PCR method was used to detect the ratio of TPO/β-actin.Results The major changes included apoptotic bodies and cell fragments in the 80,160 mg/L groups under phase contrast microscope.With the increasing dose of fluoride.TPO activity,being(3.103±0.090),(1.944±0.025),(1.361±0.008),(0.668±0.026)U/L,respectively,had obviously lowered with a statistical significance compared between the groups(F=1563.864,P＜0.05).The TPO activity had a negative correlation with the dose of fluoride(r=-0.955,P＜0.05).With the dose of fluoride increasing,the expression of TPO mRNA had obviously lowered,being(0.947±0.013),(0.634±0.018),(0.448±0.028)and (0.210±0.009)with a statistical significance in group comparison(F=2713.855,P＜0.05).Conclusion Fluoride affects the thyroid via inhibiting TPO activity and expression of TPO mRNA.

To demonstrate the current strategies for treating cartilage defects of knees and the related research. Published papers about cartilage defects were searched and reviewed. The current strategies for the treatment were summarized. Based on the research of our study and others, the conclusion how to treat cartilage defects was made. The current ways for treating cartilage defects include micro-fractures, chondrocytes transplantation, mosaicplasty and tissue engineering; Research on functional magnetic resonance imaging in the early diagnosis of cartilage defects, cartilage degeneration is gradually increasing. There is still no effective treatment of cartilage defects and tissue engineering has brought new hopes for the treatment of cartilage defects , functional magnetic resonance imaging has some significance in early diagnosis of cartilage defects, cartilage degeneration.
Animals ; Cartilage Diseases ; surgery ; therapy ; Cartilage, Articular ; surgery ; Humans ; Knee ; surgery ; Tissue Engineering ; Transplantation, Autologous

OBJECTIVETo compare the early clinical effects of Activ C cervical disc replacement (ACDR) and anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) in treating single-level cervical spondylosis.

METHODSThe clinical data of 76 patients with single-level cervical spondylosis underwent surgery from July 2009 to September 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 28 patients were treated with ACDR (ACDR group), including 18 males and 10 females, aged from 32 to 62 years old with an average of (45.2±6.2) years; and 48 patients were treated with ACDF (ACDF group), including 28 males and 20 females, aged from 33 to 60 years old with an average of (45.8±6.4) years. Visual analogue scale (VAS), Japanese Orthopedics Association (JOA) score, Short Form-36 (SF-36), imaging data were used to assess the clinical effects after operation.

RESULTSA total of 76 patients were followed up from 6 to 24 months with an average of 13.2 months. VAS of neck pain and brachialgia were improved in all patients after operation (P<0.05), there was no significant difference between two group (P>0.05). Somato-score and psycho-score of SF-36 of two groups were obviously increased (P<0.05), ACDR group was better than that of ACDF group (P<0.05). In ACDR group, there was no significant difference in the range of motion of surgical segments and adjacent segments between preoperative and postoperative (P>0.05); heterotopic ossification around the edge of vertebral body occurred in 1 case on the 6th month after operation, no fusion was found on the 1st year after operation. In ACDF group, the adjacent vertebral disease occurred in 1 case and the patient underwent the reoperation.

CONCLUSIONActiv C cervical disc replacement can reduce the degeneration of adjacent segments and its early outcomes for the treatment of single-level cervical spondylosis are satisfactory, but the long-term effects still need study.

Adult ; Cervical Vertebrae ; surgery ; Diskectomy ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Fusion ; methods ; Spondylosis ; surgery ; Total Disc Replacement ; methods

Objective To observe effects of electro-acupuncture (EA) on the expression of apoptosis related protein B-cell lymphoma/leukemia gene 2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-associated protein X (Bax) in the hippoeampal CA1 region of rats with cerebral infarction,and on their behavior. MethodsAn animal model of cerebral ischemia was established by right side middle cerebral artery occlusion using thread in 48 male,adult Wistar rats,who were then randomly divided equally into an EA group and a control group.Both groups were sub-divided into 1 week,2 weeks and 3 weeks subgroups.The EA group began receiving EA 24h after the occlusion,applied at the Baihui (DU20) and Dazhui (BU14) points,once daily,for one,two or three weeks.The control group was reared conventionally and was not given any special treatment.The rats'learning and memory,motion and neural function were evaluated.The expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in the CA1 region of the hippocampus on the infarcted side and changes of apoptosis indexes were detected using immunohistochemical techniques.ResultsThe learning,memory,motion and neural function of the EA group rats were better on average than those of the control group at all observation time points.The expression of Bcl-2 protein increased along with reduced expression of Bax protein in the EA group significantly more than among the controls.TUNEL positive cells in the CA1 region of the hippocampus were reduced significantly in the EA group compared with the control group.ConclusionsBehavioral ability after cerebral infarction can be improved by EA at the Baihui (DU20) and Dazhui (BU14) points.EA can up-regulate the expression of Bcl-2 and down-regulate the expression of Bax and reduce TUNEL positive cells in the CA1 region of the hippocampus after cerebral infarction,which might be the mechanism of its neuroprotection.