OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of quercetin on human lung cancer NCI-H1395 cell apoptosis. METHODS:CCK-8 was used to detect the effects of 0-200 μmol/L quercetin on human lung cancer NCI-H1395 cell proliferation after treated for 12,24 and 48 h. Hochest33258 staining and flow cytometry were used to detect the effects of 0,20,50,100 μmol/L quercetin on NCI-H1395 cell apoptosis after treated for 24 h. The effects of 100 μmol/L quercetin on NCI-H1395 cell apoptosis was investi-gated after treated with Caspase-8,Caspase-9,Caspase-3 inhibitor. RESULTS:Quercetin could inhibit NCI-H1395 cell prolifera-tion in dose and time-dependent manner. 20,50,100 μmol/L quercetin could induce the apoptosis of NCI-H1395 cell,and apoptot-ic rates were (18.6 ± 4.1)%,(39.1 ± 4.5)% and (58.2 ± 3.5)%. Caspase-8 and Caspase-3 activation inhibition could obviously weaken the inhibitory effects of quercetin on cell(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Quercetin can inhibit NCI-H1395 cell proliferation and induce cell apoptosis,which is related to the external way of cell apoptosis through activating Caspase-8 and Caspase-3.

Child, Preschool ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; Plant Extracts ; therapeutic use

Diabetic rats were induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin.TUNEL and immunohistochemistry results showed that the renal tubular cell apoptosis index(AI)and Bax protein expression were significantly reduced,and the Bcl-2 protein expression in glomeruli was significantly increased in diabetic rats with stable hyperglycemia treated by benazepril compared with diabetic rats with stable hyperglycemia treated by vehicle(all P

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical outcome of laparoscopic nephroureterectomy (LUNT) for native upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UC) in renal transplant (RT) recipients.Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis on 1130 RT recipients,and 9 patients (0.8％,9/1130) with native upper tract UC were identified. UC was confirmed pathologically in the 9 patients,including 3 cases of unilateral ureter tumor (2 on the right,and 1 on the left),4 cases of unilateral renal pelvis tumor (2 on the right,2 on the left),1 case of bilateral ureter tumor and 1 case of tumor in the right ureter and left kidney.Females predominated (8/9) in the 9 patients with upper tract UC.The patients with left upper urinary tract cancer underwent LUNT using a retroperitoneal approach with a technique of transurethral circumcision of the ureteral orifice.The patients with right upper urinary tract cancer were subjected to nephroureterctomy with ureterectomy and bladder cuff excision by complete laparascopy through a transperitoneal approach. Immunosuppressive protocol conversion from calcineurin inhibitors to sirolimus was performed on all cases. Results In the 9 patients,11 LUNTs were performed successfully without conversion to open surgery.The follow-up period was from 6 to 48 months. One patient died of lung metastasis at 8th month after tumor excision,and 1 patient displayed ductal cancer of the left breast at 7th month after LNUT.Another seven patients showed no evidence of disease during the follow-up period with normal renal function.ConclusionOur present clinical experience suggested that LNUT for the native upper tract cancer in renal transplant recipients is feasible,safe,and effective.

Objective To evaluate the application of inguinal incision in retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephroureterectomy(LNU)in the treatment of upper urinary urothelial carcinoma(UUUC).Methods From Mar.2007 to Jan.2012,186 retroperitoneal LNU procedures on 115 males and 71 females for the treatment of UUUC were performed in our institute.All cases were grouped as inguinal incision group(n =112)and lumbar incision group(n =74)according to specimen retrieval incision.Operative time,estimated blood loss,postoperative analgesia,hospital stay,incision complications,cosmetic satisfaction and tumor recurrence were compared between the 2 groups.Results All the 186 cases of operation were successfully accomplished.There were no differences in tumor stage,tumor grade,mean operative time,blood loss between the 2 groups.In inguinal incision group,the incidence of incision fat liquefaction,incision hernia,incision bulging,lumboabdominal unsymmetry and postoperative analgesia was less than that of lumbar incision group.In inguinal incision group,the mean hospital stay was shorter,cosmetic satisfaction(Ⅰ/Ⅱ/Ⅲ)was better(7/24/81 versus 22/18/34,P ＜ 0.01).Recurrence rate of UUUC in middle and inferior segment of ureter was fewer than that of lumbar incision group(5.3％ versus 35.0％,P ＜0.01).Conclusion Retroperitoneal LNU for UUUC combined with inguinal incision offers advantage of less trauma,less complications,higher cosmetic satisfaction and lower tumor recurrence.

BACKGROUND: Exercise has been proved to accelerate the proliferation of intervertebral disc cells and extracellular matrix production in healthy rats. For the degenerative intervertebral disc, whether exercise also has positive effects on its cell proliferation, extracellular matrix production or pain relief remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of exercise on the extracellular matrix production in a rat model of intervertebral disc degeneration.METHODS: A rat model of intervertebral disc degeneration was prepared by Freund's complete adjuvant injection into the intervertebral disc at L5-6 levels. Then, the model rats were allowed to have a rest for 2 weeks. All rats were then randomly divided into exercise and control groups. Rats in the exercise group were forced to run every day, while the controls allowed free activities in the cage. The behavioral tests were performed at 7, 14, 28, 42, 56 and 70 days after modeling; meanwhile, the intervertebral disc samples were collected used for alcian blue staining and immunohistochemical staining to detect the levels of proteoglycan, aggrecan and collagen type Ⅱ in the intervertebral disc cells, respectively.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Vocalization threshold on the rat back of punctured disc was significantly decreased, while grooming and wet-dog shaking were significantly increased at 7 days after modeling compared with the baseline (P < 0.05), suggesting that Freund's complete adjuvant injection successfully induces disc degeneration, hyperalgesia and abnormal behaviors. Further, the vocalization threshold and wet-dog shaking in the exercise group showed significant improvement compared with the control group after 14 days of exercise (P < 0.05), while the grooming was significantly reduced until the 28th day (P < 0.01), indicating that exercise can alleviate pain caused by disc degeneration in model rats. At 21 days after modeling, the levels of proteoglycan, aggrecan and collagen type Ⅱ in the nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus were significantly decreased compared with the baseline (P < 0.01), indicating the occurrence of disc degeneration. After 14 days of training, the levels of proteoglycan, aggrecan, and collagen type Ⅱ in the nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus in the exercise group were significantly increased compared with the control group (P < 0.01). Moreover, after 8-week exercise, the level of proteoglycan in the nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus in the exercise group was increased by 4-5 times compared with the control group, and levels of aggrecan and collagen type Ⅱ in the nucleus pulposus in the exercise group also was increased by 3-4 times compared with the control group. To conclude, exercise can promote extracellular matrix increased by production by increasing the levels of proteoglycan, aggrecan, and collagen type II in the degenerative intervertebral disc.

Objective To determine if there is any difference in neuronal and glial(astrocytic and microglial)activation in the spinal cord in three rat models of neuropathic pain.Methods Twenty-four SD rats weighing 150-200 g were randomly divided into 4 groups(n=6 each):Ⅰ control group;Ⅱ chronic constrictive injury group(CCI);Ⅲ spinal nerve ligation group(SNL)and Ⅳ spared nerve injury(SNI).No operation was performed in control group.In CCI group left sciatic nerve was exposed and loosely ligated with catgut.In SNL group the L_5 spinal nerve was exposed and ligated with silk suture and cut.In SNI group tibial nerve and common fibular nerve were ligated and cut.Pain threshold was measured using plantar tactile stimulator(Ugo,Basile Co. Italy)every other day from 3 days before until 15 days after operation.50% paw withdrawal threshold was measured using up-and-down sequential mechanical stimulation of different intensity(0.45,0.70,1.20,2.00, 3.63,5.50,8.50,15.10 g)applied to the plantar surface of the injured paw.On the 15~(th) day after operation after pain threshold was measured the animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal 10% chloral hydrate 400 mg? kg~(-1).The L_(5,6) segment of the spinal cord was isolated.Neuronal,astrocytic and microglial activation was determined by immuno-histochemistry with antibodies of c-Fos(a proto-oncogene protein),GFAP(an astrocyte marker)and OX-42(a microglial marker).Results The 50% paw withdrawal threshold reached the lowest level on the 7~(th) day after operation.The lowest level was maintained until the 15~(th) day after operation in group CCI,SNL and SNI.The 50 % paw withdrawal threshold was(14.1+1.5)g in control group,(2.5+0.5)g in CCI group, (1.5?0.6)g in group SNL and(0.8?0.4)g in group SNI.The number of c-Fos positive neurons in laminae Ⅳ-Ⅵ of dorsal horn was significantly greater in group CCI,SNL and SNI than in control group,but there was no significant difference among the 3 peripheral nerve injury groups.The activation of astrocytes and microglias in laminae Ⅰ-Ⅳ of dorsal horn was significantly increased in group CCI,SNL and SNI than in control group but there was no significant difference among the 3 peripheral nerve injury groups.Condusion There is no significant difference in activation of neurons and astrocytes and microglias in the ipsilateral dorsal horn among the 3 pain models.

Objective To compare the safety of laparoscopic live donor nephreetomy(LDN) and open live donor nephrectomy(ODN), evaluate the kidney function and blood pressure of living donors during 1 year follow-up. Methods Thirty cases of LDN and 30 eases of ODN were retrospectively reviewed. The operation time, warm ischemia time, operative blood loss, time to post-operative intake and time to ambulation of the 2 grouups were compared. According to the modified Clavien classifica-tion system procedure-related complications were described and compared. Serum creatinine(SCr) le-vels, blood pressure and 24-h urine protein excretion were measured before nephreetomy and 1 d, 7 d, 3 months, 6 and 12 months after nephrectomy. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were measured preo-pratively and at 6 and 12 months postoperatively. These data were statistically analyzed. Results The operation time was (98. 6+13. 6)rain and (96.3+19. 5)rain in the LDN and ODN groups, re- spectively. Warm ischemia time in the LDN group was (90.6±15.1)s, in the ODN group was (86.4±12.3)s. Operative blood loss was (105.2±634.8)ml and (206.3±126.4)ml in the LDN and ODN groups(P<0.01). For the time to post-operative intake and time to ambulation, LDN group was (28.5±2.9)h and (25.8±63.8)h, ODN group was (38.6±63.3)h and (36.5±65.3)h(P<0.01). Perioperative complications rates were 6.6%(2/30) and 23.3%(7/30) for LDN and ODN, respective-ly. SCr was (109.1±7.5), (105.4±69.5), (96.6±10.7), (89.4±11.5), (91.6±69.3)/zmol/L in the LDN group and (107.3±69.6), (103.3±68.4), (95.4±69.1), (90.5±13.6), (90.3±11.7)μmol/L in the ODN group 1 day, 7 days, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months after nephrectomy. The mean GFR of LDN and ODN was 64.7 and 65.8 ml/min at 6 months after nephrectomy, 65.9 and 67.5 ml/min at 12 months postoperatively, which were significantly different comparing with preoperative mean GFR in each group(P<0.05) but no significant difference was found between 6 months and 12 months after nephrectomy and between the 2 groups at the same time point respectively(P>0.05). Mean 24 h protein excretion was elevated after either LDN or ODN during 1 year followup, but was not significantly different either between predonation and 1 year after nephrectomy or between the 2 groups at the same period. Blood pressure increased or decreased slightly with the duration of follow-up,no significant blood presure changes were found before and after nephrectomy or between the two groups at the same period postoperatively. Conclusions LDN has the advantages of minimal trauma, less operative blood loss and quicker convalescence. It is safe and and has no adverse effects regarding kidney function and blood pressure during the first year after living kidney donation comparing to ODN.

Objective： This study was designed to explore the relationship between clinicobiological acting and expression of p21 protein and estrogen receptor(ER) in colorectal cancer. Methods： The intensity of expression of p21 protein and ER for 206 patients with colorectal cancers were determined by labeled-streptokinase avidin-biotin(LSAB) assay. Results： The expression of p21 protein is negatively correlated with that of ER in colorectal cancer(r=-0.6613, P<0.01). The intensity of expression of p21 protein and ER in colorectal cancers were not related with the patients age, sexuality, tumor position, pathological type, histological type, Dukes stage etc.(r< 0.4,P>0.05). Both the expressions were related to the prognosis of colorectal cancer(P<0.01). Higher the intensity of expression of p21 protein worse the patients prognosis, and higher the intensity of expression of ER better the patient s prognosis. Conclusions： The abnormal expression of p21 protein is related to the dysbolism of estrogen in colorectal cancer. The detection of p21 protein and ER are helpful for diagnosis and prognostic evaluation for colorectal cancer.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression changes of three steroidogenic enzymes in the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Thirty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into normal control (NC) group and PCOS group. PCOS rat model was established by DHEA injection. The serum levels of progesterone, estrogen and testosterone were measured by immunoradioassay or enzyme immunoassay. The cellular distributions of 3β-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD), 17β-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD) and cytochrome P450 aromatase (P450arom) in ovaries were detected by immunohistochemistry. The expression levels of 3β-HSD, 17β-HSD and P450arom were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. The results showed that the serum levels of estrogen and testosterone of PCOS group were significantly higher than those of the NC group. There was no significant difference of serum progesterone level between the PCOS and NC groups. Compared with the NC group, the PCOS group showed increased mRNA and protein expressions of both 3β-HSD and 17β-HSD, as well as reduced P450arom mRNA and protein expressions. These results suggest that 3β-HSD and 17β-HSD, but not P450arom, may participate in the ovarian hormonal regulation in the present rat model of PCOS.
17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases ; metabolism ; 3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases ; metabolism ; Animals ; Aromatase ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Estrogens ; blood ; Female ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ; enzymology ; Progesterone ; blood ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Testosterone ; blood