Drug transporters are functional membrane proteins located in various tissues, which play vital roles in absorption, distribution and excretion of drugs, especially those located in intestine, liver and kidney. The expression and function of transporters will alter in diseases state, which affects the therapeutic effects of drugs by altering their pharmacokinetics. In this review, we focus on the alterations in related transporters and the effect on the drug therapy in common intestinal diseases, liver diseases, kidney diseases and diabetes mellitus.
Biological Transport ; Diabetes Mellitus ; pathology ; Humans ; Intestinal Diseases ; pathology ; Intestines ; Kidney ; Kidney Diseases ; pathology ; Liver ; Liver Diseases ; pathology ; Membrane Transport Proteins

Objective To study the treatment and outcome in infants with congenital heart disease after cardiopulmonary bypass. Methods The clinical data of 217 infants with congenital heart disease after cardiopulmonary bypass in Shengjing Hospital from Jan 2005 to Nov 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. Results Eleven infants died and the mortality was 5. 1% ( 11/217 ). Four infants died of severe low cardiac output syndrome,2 died of pulmonary hypertension crisis,2 died of low cardiac output syndrome complicated with acute renal insufficiency, 1 died of severe infection, 1 died of severe hypoxemia,and 1 died of chronic pericardial tamponade. The postoperation length of hospital stay was 7 ～ 52 d, 14 d in average. Conclusion With the improvement of surgical techniques,cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass on infants can result in good clinical effect. Active and effective treatment can reduce the perioperative mortality after cardiopulmonary bypass.

A discrete time feedback control system model based on a multi-router network has been presented. The model can be described by a set of recurrence equations. The numerical examples about the bifurcation of average and instantaneous queue size along with the variety of RED control parameter are shown. The simulate experiments about those of the RED control parameters are also presented. All of these results show that instability in TCP-Reno traffic under RED can be induced by the inherent nonlinear behavior of the network.

Cochlear Implantation ; adverse effects ; methods ; rehabilitation ; Hearing Tests ; Humans

Objective To evaluate exertional overheating and endurance during and after physical exercise on individuals with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia(HED) ,to assess protective effects of skin cooling device ,and to provide theoretical basis for ex-ternal cooling devices .Methods 12 HED patients and 12 age-matched healthy controls were studied during standardized exercise on a treadmill at ambient temperatures of 25 ℃ and 30 ℃ .Body core temperature ,performance ,heart rate ,respiratory rate ,blood pres-sure and serum lactate were investigated during and after exercise .Results HED subjects experienced a significantly greater rise in body temperature after cycling than healthy controls ,and their body temperature remained elevated longer(P<0 .05) .HED subjects had a lower endurance time(F=9 .985 ,P=0 .005) and increasing speed value(F=7 .158 ,P=0 .014) .However ,serum lactate value of the HED subjects found to be higher than the controls (F=5 .204 ,P=0 .033) .Maximum heart rates ,respiratory rate and blood pressure did not differ significantly between HED and the control groups .However ,compared with controls ,body temperature and endurance time of HED patients equipped with skin cooling device had no statistical significance .Conclusion HED subjects showed a significantly greater rise of body temperature during exercise than the control groups ,and their body temperature remained elevat-ed longer than in healthy subjects ,and had a lower performance .External evaporative skin cooling attenuates exertional overheating in HED patients and may facilitate their participation in athletic activities and professional life .

〔Abstract〕 In the paper , the status quo of mobile medical service is analyzed , proving a new mode of mobile medical service for pa-tients.The suggested functions like self -service information query and medical service guiding as well as solutions to the relevant system structure and information security are elaborated in detail .In addition, the feasibility of construction of applications for mobile medical di-agnosis and treatment is also discussed .

Objective To determine the existence of RBM6-RBM5 chimera and study its relationship with oncogenesis. Methods Ten cell lines including GLC-20,MDA.MB.231,Jurkat,TF-1,MCF-7,Hela,BT-474,A431,K562 and Raji ; several cDNAs from tumor tissues including lung,ovary,skeletal,skin,spleen,uterus,heart,bone,brain,lymph node,pancreas,prostate,testis and their normal controls and 5 breast cancer tissues were collected for the study.Nested PCR was used to identify the existence and expression level of RBM6-RBM5 chimera.QPCR was used to determine the RBM6,RBM5 gene expression level in chimeric positive and negative tumor tissues.Results RBM6-RBM5 chimera was identified in MDA,MB,231 cell line,which lacked exons 20,21 of RBM6 and exon 1 of RBM5.The chimeric expression was only observed on 10 tumor cell lines and tissues,among some specific tumor types,the chimeric expression was associated with elevated levels of RBM6 and RBM5 mRNA.Conclusion RBM6 mRNA experiences altered co-transcriptional gene regulation in certain cancers.RBM6-RBM5 transcription-induced chimerism might be a process that is linked to the tumor-associated increased transcriptional activity of the RBM6 and RBM5 genes,and this chimera might be a new marker for tumor prediction.