Adult ; Body Composition ; Exercise ; physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Lipids ; blood ; Obesity ; blood ; Young Adult

Brain Ischemia ; etiology ; Child ; Humans ; Male ; Metabolic Syndrome ; complications ; Stroke ; etiology

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect and safety of forward-viewing,doublechannel endoscope in the process of ERCP in patients with bile duct diseases after Billroth-Ⅱ gastroenterostomy.Methods ERCP was applied to 46 patients with bile duct diseases using forward-viewing,doublechannel endoscope.All patients had the history of Billroth-Ⅱ gastroenterostomy.The success rate of selective cannulation,complication rate and the outcome of all the patients were recorded.Results The procedure succeeded in 38 patients with a success rate of 82.6％,and failed in 8.Of all the failing cases,the afferent loop couldn't be accessed in 6,failure in biliary cannulation in 2.Of 38 successful cases,bile duct stones were successfully removed in 31,metal stents placed for malignant bile duct obstruction in 4,and endoscopic balloon dilation for benign common bile duct stricture in 3.All patients recovered without complications of perforation,delayed bleeding or pancreatitis.Conclusion For patients with history of Billroth-Ⅱgastroenterostomy,ERCP with forward-viewing,double-channel endoscope yields to a higher success rate and lower complication rate.

AIM: To selecte the best process for Kangfuxin Drop Pills. METHODS: With appearance,weight coefficient of variation and dissolution time for index sign,orthogonal design was applied. RESULTS: The results indicated that the excellent factors and levels were as follows: the scale between PEG6000 and drug extraction was four to one,the temperature of drug fluid was at 85 ?C,drip rate was 40 drops/min. CONCLUSION: The method adopted is steady and feasible.

Objective To investigate the detection rate and missed diagnosis reason of sacral canal cyst with sacroiliac joint CT scan.Methods Retrospectively analyzed the changes of sacral canal in 1 286 cases with sacroiliac joint CT scan.CT scanning included bone algorithm reconstruction and standard algorithm reconstruction.Results Among 1 025 patients who had negative sacroiliac joint CT scan were found in 36 cases of sacral canal cyst,the detection rate was 3.5％ (36/1 025).Single cyst in 34 cases and multiple cysts in 2 cases.Cyst in S1 level 5 cases,S1-2 level 4 cases,S2 level 22 cases,S2-3 level 4 cases,S3 level 3 cases.The minimal short diameter of the cysts was 0.5 cm and the maximal diameter was 3.2 cm,average 1.2 cm.CT scan showed a round uniform cystic low density,and combined with sacral canal expansion in 19 cases.CT scan used bone algorithm reconstruction in 29 cases,used standard and bone algorithm reconstruction in 7 cases.Clinical findings and correctly diagnosed in 11 cases,accounted for 30.6％ (11/36),about 69.4％ (25/36) cases were missed diagnosis.Conclusions About 3.5％ patients are found sacral canal cyst who have negative sacroiliac joint CT scan.Both the standard and bone algorithm reconstruction should be used to avoid the missed diagnosis of sacral canal cyst.

Objective To study inflammatory cytokines changes in brain tissue of neonatal rats with periventricular leukomalacia (PVL).Method A total of 80 neonatal SD rats (P3) were randomly assigned into 2 equal groups,sham-operated group and PVL group.Rats in each group were further assigned into four subgroups (12,24,48,72 h),with 10 rats in each subgroup.The hypoxic-ischemic PVL modal were established following the procedure:first,isolation and ligation of left common carotid artery,and then exposed to 8％ O2 and 92％ N2 for 2.5 h.The sham-operated rats were processed with isolation of left common carotid artery only.Rats of the four subgroups were sacrificed at 12,24,48 h and 72 h respectively,then the brains were rapidly removed in corresponding time.Pathological changes of brain tissues were observed using HE stain.The mRNA expression levels of tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α)and inter leukin-1β (IL-1β) were assessed using real-time quantitative PCR assays,the protein levels of TNF-α and IL-1β were detected using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay method.Result The brains tissues of rats in PVL group showed remarkably hyperemia and edema,with left ventricle enlargement.Periventricular white matter structure was disintegrated comparing with sham-operated group.The expression of TNF-α and IL-1 β mRNA in PVL group increased significantly,reaching peak by 24 h and then gradually decreased 72 h after the procedure.The mRNA levels of TNF-c and IL-1 β were significantly different between each two time points of 12,24 h and 48 h in PVL group (P ＜0.05).However,there was no differences between 72 h and 48 h within PVL and sham-operated group group(P ＞0.05).In PVL group,the protein expression trends of TNF-α and IL-1 β were similar to mRNA expression trends.Moreover,the protein levels were significantly different between each two time points of TNF-α and IL-1 β,respectively (P ＜ 0.01).The protein expression levels of TNF-α were different at each time point between PVL group and sham-operated group[(189.2 ± 20.4) pg/ml vs.(131.4 ±5.2) pg/ml at 12 h,(213.8 ± 16.7) pg/ml vs.(127.7 ±7.4) pg/ml at 24 h,(181.7 ± 15.0) pg/ml vs.(126.3 ± 6.0) pg/ml at 48 h,(159.6 ± 25.3) pg/ml vs.(131.4 ± 6.0) pg/ml at 72 h;P ＜0.01].The protein levels of IL-1β were different between the two groups only at 24 h and 48 h.[(121.8 ±30.0) pg/ml vs.(67.4 ± 13.7) pg/ml,(83.3 ± 15.7) pg/ml vs.(65.3 ± 14.9) pg/ml;P ＜0.05].In sham-operated group,no differences of TNF-α and IL-1 β protein levels were found between any different time points (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1β are involved in ischemic-hypoxia induced PVL.Dynamic detection of inflammatory factors is expected to be an important method of early diagnosis,assessment of treatment efficacy and prognosis of PVL.

Objective To study the clinic features and the mechanism of skin damage induced by high-dose methotrexate(HD-MTX).Method Children treated with HD-MTX were enrolled in a retrospective study in which the incidence and presentations of skin damage were concluded.Mechanism of the damage was studied base on skin pathology of an animal model.Result Skin damage presented in 3～9(median 5) days after HD-MTX and usually followed by bullation and exfoliation.Twelve cases,more severe than the others,accompanied with fever and symptoms of other organs especially the respiratory tract and the intestine.Skin damage was reduced when large dose rehydration used before,during and after HD-MTX.Conclusion HD-MTX may cause scald-like skin damage directly by its prolonged toxic effect on epidermal cells.Besides extended tetrahydrofolic acid rescue and supportive treatments,anti infection is the most important in dealing this condition.

Background The pathogenesis of age-related cataract is associated with the apoptosis of lens epithelial cells (LECs) caused by oxidative stress.Previous studies showed that intracellular focal adhesion kinase (FAK) pathway can be activated by H2O2 in vitro,which induced apoptosis of cells.To investigate the effect of oxidative on FAK expression in LECs is one of important studies in the prevention of age-related cataract.Objective This study was to investigate the expression and function of FAK in human LECs treated by H2O2.Methods Human LECs strain (HLECs-B3) were cultured in vitro in the low glucose DMEM with 10％ fetal bovine serum.Different concentrations (0,30,50,70,100,300,500,700,1000 μmol/L) of H2O2 were added into the culture medium for 24 hours.The survival rate of the cells was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay.Cell morphology as well as the expression and distribution of FAK in the cells were observed by immunofluorescent staining under the laser confocal microscope.Apoptosis was observed by hoechst33258 staining,and Western blot assay was used to quantitatively detect the expression and phosphorylation of FAK.Results The survival rate of the cells was (1.00±0.03) ％,(1.24±0.03)％,(1.36±0.24) ％,(0.93±0.02)％,(1.75±0.19)％,(1.37±0.18) ％,(0.64±0.01)％,(0.59±0.11)％,(0.14±0.05)％ in 0,30,50,70,100,300,500,700,1000 μmol/L H2O2 groups,with a significant difference among them (F =95.30,P =0.00).The survival rates of the cells in the below 300 μmol/L H2O2 groups were significantly higher than those in the 0 μmol/L H2O2 group,and survival rates of the cells in the above 500 μmol/L H2O2 groups were significantly lower than those in the 0 μmol/L H2O2 group(all at P＜0.05).After H2 O2 treatment for 24 hours,HLECs-B3 cells transformed from polygon shape to spindle shape and extended pseudopodiums,meanwhile the green fluorescence for FAK exhibited in the cytoplasm.Cell apoptosis was found in the 1000 μ mol/L H2O2 group.Western blot assay revealed that the expressing levels (grey scale) were significantly different among the various groups (F=28.08,P=0.00),and FAK expressing levels in the below 300 μmol/L H2O2 groups were significantly higher than those of the 0 μmol/L H2O2 group; while the expressing levels in the above 500 μmol/L H2O2 groups were lower than those of the control 0 μmol/L H202 group (all at P＜0.05).After treated by different concentrations of H2O2,the phosphorylation level of intracellular FAK (p-FAK) was significantly higher in 3 hours group than that in 30 minutes group (all at P＜0.05).Conclusions H2 O2 can affect the survival,proliferation and morphology of human LECs by activating the intracellular FAK pathway,indicating that FAK may play roles in the regulation process of cell biological behavior.

Objective To explore the plasma ghrelin levels in children and adolescents with short stature and the role of ghrelin in growth hormone-releasing hormone-growth hormone(GHRH-GH) axis.Methods One hundred and fifty-seven children(115 male,42 female) with short stature were selected.Fasting plasma sample was extracted from 10 mL vemous blood of the children with short stature.Insulin tolerance test and arginine stimulation test was performed initially to differential diagnosis.And blood samples was divided into 3 ca-tegories:37 cases of complete growth hormone deficiency (CGHD),52 cases of partial growth hormone deficiency(PGHD) and 68 cases of idiopathic short stature(ISS) during these two growth hormone(GH)provocative tests.Controls consisted of age and gender-match 20 health children.Plasma ghrelin levels were measured by radioimmunoassay.Serum GH was detected by chemiluminescence method,and serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) was measured by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Fasting glucose,insulin,testosterone,estra-diol,luteinizing hormone,follicle-stimulating hormone were measured.Statistical analysis were conducted by using SPSS 11.5 software.Results The fasting ghrelin levels of CGHD group were significantly lower than that of ISS group and control group(Pa0.05).The ghrelin levels were positive correlated with the stimulated GH peak(r=0.176 P0.05).Conclusion Ghrelin has an important role on GH secretion and abnormal secretion of ghrelin might be a reason of growth hormone deficiency which due to hypothalamic abnormality.

Objective To research the endometrial receptivity by established the endometriosis rat model in intimal window period.Methods The autologous endometrial tissues of 22 sexually mature SD rats were transplanted into the homonymy abdomi-nal wall and offside uterine mesometrium.After four weeks,we randomly dissected two rats and observed the growth of etopic en-dometrium.The EMs rats were mated with male rats in the same cage and vaginal plug was observed in the next day.The histomor-phology of eutopic and ectopic endometrial was observed in the fifth day of pregnancy.Results Ectopic endometrium was grown in the abdominal wall and mesometrium,which formed a small bulge cystic mass in 20 rats.All foci was showed adhesion to the sur-rounding tissues in a different extent.In the light microscope,the morphology of ectopic endometrial was as the same as nomal en-dometrium.The establishment of the endometriosis rat mode is successful.Vaginal plug was positive the next day.Nonoperative side uterine was full of fluid in the fifth day of pregnancy.Eutopic and ectopic endometrium were in the secretory phase..Conclusion It is a successful method to establish a rat model of endometriosis by autotransplantion of endometrium.The endometrium of EMs model rats is in embryo implantation window period,and it provides a convenient model for studying endometrial receptivity.