Female ; Gastroenteritis ; complications ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Nitric Oxide ; physiology ; Rotavirus Infections ; complications ; Seizures ; etiology

OBJECTIVE A surveillance study was performed for nosocomial infections in order to investigate the change in antimicrobial resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae,especially the strains isolated from 1999 to 2004.METHODS K-B test was used for the antibiotics susceptibility test and the results were read based on National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards(NCCLS) of the USA.The situation of ESBLs-producing strains of K.pneumoniae was investigated.RESULTS Totally 326 K.pneumoniae strains showed the highest susceptibility to imipenem.Ceftazidime,cefepime,and cefoperazone/sulbactam also showed excellent activity against K.pneumoniae.The prevalence of ESBLs from 326 strains was 20.2%.CONCLUSIONS It is important to study the drug resistance in nosocomial infections by K.pneumoniae.

Objective To prepare and identify the andrographolide-hydroxypropyl-?-cyclodextrin(an- drographolide-HP-?-CD)inclusion compound.The tool ratio between andrographolide and HP-?-CD and the thermodynamic constants in inclusion were studied simultaneously.Methods The andrographolide- HP-?-CD inclusion compound was prepared with lyophilization technique.Meanwhile,the inclusion com- pound was identified by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)methods,infrared spectrometry(IR),and X-ray diffraction(XRD),respectively.The tool ratio between host and guest moleculars and the thermo- dynamic constants during the inclusion process were also researched by phase solubility method.Results An 1:1 molar ratio inclusion complex of andrographolide with HP-?-CD could be formed at 25,35,and 45 C.The phase diagram was A_L type and the procedure of inclusion was a heat release process.Conclusion The solubility of andrographolide-HP-?-CD inclusion compound can be increased obviously by the above- mentioned preparing techniques.

OBJECTIVE To enhance the rational usage of antibiotics by comprehensive interventional measures in clinics.METHODS Several interventional measures have been adopted in our hospital since January 2001: to(establish) expert team on antibiotics usage and administration consultation;constitute antibiotics use criteria(suitable) for each clinical specialty;train and examine the usage of antibiotics;censor the distribution of pathogen and drug-resistance variance.Then 10% of the discharged medical records in 2000,2002 and 2004 were drawn out respectively to analyze the usage of antibiotics and the isolation of pathogen from nosocomial infection cases.(RESULTS) The proportion of the patients with prophylactic and remedial indications was increased remarkably((P

Objective To explore acute toxicity of succimer on mice.Methods Twenty Kunming mice(10 males and 10 females) weighting approximately (21.2?2.3)g were acclimatized for 3 days prior to dosing,then were divided into control group and experiment group with 10 mice in each group according to body weight.Fasted for 12 hours,the mice in experiment group received intragastric administration of 160mg DMSA in deionized water in 24 hours,and the control group received the same volume of deionized water,and then they were observed for 7 days.Blood was collected into heparinized-tubes by removal of eyeball.All mice were sacrificed and brain,heart,liver and kidney were removed and washed with normal saline.The activity or amount of BUN,Scr,AST,ALT,SOD, GSH-PX and MDA were analyzed.Results (1)Given 160rag DMSA in 24 hours,gastrointestinal symptoms were main side effects.During the observation,experiment group lost weight due to the decrease of food-intake ,and some mice had slight hydroabdomen.(2)High dose of DMSA caused a significant inhibition of GSH-PX(P0.05).The hepatic cell was damaged accord- ing to the significant raise of MDA in liver(P0.05),which was related to acute toxicity on liver.Conclusion Succimer could inhibit the antioxidarrt systems and could do damage to liver and kidney.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the differential diagnosis of type III prostatitis and interstitial cystitis so as to improve the efficiency of diagnosis and treatment of the two diseases.

METHODSBased on the clinical data of 4 cases of type III prostatitis and 3 cases of interstitial cystitis, we analyzed the characteristics of the two diseases in such aspects as clinical symptomatology, urodynamics, prostatic fluid microscopy, microbiology and treatment.

RESULTSThe common clinical characteristics of type III prostatitis and interstitial cystitis were indisposition or pain in the subabdomen and/or pelvic floor, but their differences were quite obvious. In interstitial cystitis, longer urine accumulation could cause worse pain in the subabdomen, which could be relieved after micturation, and the bladder capacity was obviously decreased, but with normal prostatic fluid and negative result of microbial culture. It responded to behavior therapy, resiniferatoxin, sodium hyaluronate and water dilation of the bladder under anaesthesia. While type III prostatitis, with white blood cells > 10/HP or < or = 10/HP in the prostatic fluid and negative result of microbial culture, did not respond to the above therapeutic methods that were effective for interstitial cystitis.

CONCLUSIONType III prostatitis and interstitial cystitis, although clinically confusable, can be definitely differentiated from each other according to their characteristic causes and locations.

Adult ; Aged ; Cystitis, Interstitial ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostatitis ; complications ; diagnosis

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Gengnianchun Recipe (GNC) on bone mineral density (BMD), bone biomechanical parameters and serum lipid level in the bilaterally ovariectomized (OVX) rats and to explore the prophylactic and therapeutic action of GNC on ovariectomy induced osteoporosis and hyperlipidemia.

METHODSOVX SD rats, 10 - 12 months old, were divided into different groups and fed with GNC 2 g/d, GNC 1 g/d and Nilestriol 0.125 mg/week, respectively for 4 months to observe the change of BMD and bone biomechanical parameters of the lumbar vertebrae, and the serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and to compare the effect of the two drugs on the morphology of the uterus.

RESULTSThere was marked reduction in BMD and biomechanical parameters in lumbar vertebrae (P < 0.01) and increase of serum TC and LDL-C levels (P < 0.01) in rats after OVX. GNC or Nilestriol significantly improved the decreased BMD and biomechanical parameters of the lumbar vertebrae (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), and reduced the serum TC and LDL-C levels (P < 0.01). In the Nilestriol group, the wet weight of uterus got increased obviously (P < 0.01), the number of uterine glands increased, uterine columnar epithelium thickened, and the mitotic figures in the epithelial stroma and myointimal cells augmented. But no such effect in wet weight and morphology of uterus was found in the GNC group.

CONCLUSIONGNC could increase the BMD and biomechanical parameters of the lumbar vertebrae, reduce the serum TC and LDL-C levels, yet produce no adverse reaction in stimulating proliferation and hypertrophy of uterus.

Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Bone Density ; drug effects ; Bone and Bones ; drug effects ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Cholesterol, HDL ; blood ; Cholesterol, LDL ; blood ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Estriol ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Female ; Lipids ; blood ; Ovariectomy ; Quinestrol ; analogs & derivatives ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Triglycerides ; blood ; Uterus ; cytology ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo study the mechanism of cardiotoxicity associated with Herceptin.

METHODSHerceptin was labeled with iodine-131 using the Iodogen method. Radioimmunoimaging was performed in 5 rabbits at 3 h to 5 days following (131)I-Herceptin injection to investigate the biodistribution of Herceptin. (131)I-Herceptin uptake in each organ or tissue relative to that in the muscular tissue (O/M ratio) was calculated and compared. On the fifth day following the injection, the organs including the heart, lung, liver and muscles were taken for measurement of the weight and radiocounts. HER2 expression was measured by immunohistochemistry in these organs and tissues.

RESULTSThe O/M ratio of the heart was significantly higher than that of the lung (P=0.032) and liver (P=0.019) at 3 h after Herceptin injection, but reduced significantly at 24 h (P=0.001). The uptake of (131)I-Herceptin in the myocardium was slightly higher that that in the muscle and intestine, but lower than that in the lung and spleen. HER2 expression showed no significant difference between the myocardium and the other tissues such as the liver, lung, and kidney (H=3.236, P=0.172).

CONCLUSIONMyocardium expresses low levels of HER2 and accumulates Herceptin no more than the other tissues.

Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; toxicity ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Female ; Iodine Radioisotopes ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; Rabbits ; Radioimmunodetection ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; metabolism ; Tissue Distribution ; Trastuzumab

Air pollution in China comes from multiple sources, including coal consumption, construction and industrial dust, and vehicle exhaust. Coal consumption in particular directly determines the emissions of three major air pollutants: dust, sulfur dioxide (SO(2)), and nitrogen oxide (NOx). The rapidly increasing number of civilian vehicles is expected to bring NOx emission to a very high level. Contrary to expectations, however, existing data show that the concentrations of major pollutants [particulate matter-10 (PM10), SO(2), and nitrogen dioxide (NO(2))] in several large Chinese cities have declined during the past decades, though they still exceed the national standards of ambient air quality. Archived data from China does not fully support that the concentrations of pollutants directly depend on local emissions, but this is likely due to inaccurate measurement of pollutants. Analyses on the cancer registry data show that cancer burden related to air pollution is on the rise in China and will likely increase further, but there is a lack of data to accurately predict the cancer burden. Past experience from other countries has sounded alarm of the link between air pollution and cancer. The quantitative association requires dedicated research as well as establishment of needed monitoring infrastructures and cancer registries. The air pollution-cancer link is a serious public health issue that needs urgent investigation.
Air Pollutants ; toxicity ; Air Pollution ; adverse effects ; Carcinogens, Environmental ; toxicity ; China ; Coal ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; etiology ; Nitrogen Dioxide ; toxicity ; Particulate Matter ; toxicity ; Sulfur Dioxide ; toxicity ; Vehicle Emissions ; toxicity

OBJECTIVETo study isolation, identification and differentiation characteristics of dermal multipotent stem cells from human of different age in vitro culture.

METHODSSkin samples( 1 cm x 1 cm) were harvested from fetus, infant, adult and elderly. The original clones were screened in stem cell medium. The diameter and number of clones were recorded. Analysis of each clone and determination of the expression of various related proteins were carried out.

RESULTSThe number of suspended clones from normal skins of fetus, infant, adult and the elderly were (20. 1 +/-2. 5) x 102 , (15. 8 +/-5. 7) x 102, (10. 8 +/-1.3) x 10(2), (6.2 +/- 1.4) x 10(2), respectively ( P <0.01), while the diameter of the clones from them were (83 +/-12) microm, (55 +/- 10) microm, (46 +/- 12) Lm, (42 +/-8) microm, respectively ( P <0.05). Cloned cells from fetus, infant, adult and elderly could differentiate into neuron cell , neuroglia cell, smooth muscle cell, and adipocyte. The clones from fetus were inclined to differentiate into neuron cells, but those from infant were inclined to differentiate into neuroglia cells, and those from adult and elderly were inclined to differentiate into adipocytes. After 1 month of culture, the clone forming rate of the cells from fetus, infant, adult and elderly were 41. 1% , 25.5% ,17.7% ,15.2% , respectively. The individual clone cells also showed ability of multidirectional differentiation. Nestin, fibronectin, c-Myc, STAT3 and hTERT protein were expressed in all clones.

CONCLUSIONMultipotent stem cells with multi-direction differentiation and proliferation can be efficiently isolated from dermis of human of different age in stem cell culture medium. The number, proliferation and differentiation of dermal multipotent stem cells can be affected by age.

Aborted Fetus ; cytology ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Separation ; Cells, Cultured ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Dermis ; cytology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multipotent Stem Cells ; cytology ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second