Objective To evaluate the efifcacy and safety of hemostatics of injected gelatin matrix (HIGM) under the guidance of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for treating splenic trauma in canine model. Methods A total of 24 commercial hybrid dogs underwent celiotomy with creation of uniformly blunt splenic trauma lesion of 4.0 cm×4.0 cm×2.5 cm (length, width and depth, respectively) by hemostatic clamp. Subjects were prospectively randomized into two groups. The treatment group was treated with HIGM under the guidance of CEUS and the positive control group received thrombin solution. Conventional ultrasound and CEUS were performed to record the ascites and the splenic lesion areas at 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th and 21st day. The ifne needle biopsy and splenectomy were performed for histopathologic examination. The weight, free intraperitoneal lfuid and injury site were compared with t test between HIGM and postive group. Results All animals in two groups survived. All dogs stopped hemorrhage after injection of HIGM under CEUS guidance. The area of injury site was (12.91±0.89) cm2, (4.45±0.75) cm2 and (1.38±0.23) cm2 at 1st, 3rd and 7th day and splenic lesions were not found at 14th and 21st day in all dogs (n=12) of HIGM group. The splenic lesion was (16.74±0.91) cm2, (11.26±0.99) cm2, (8.02±0.82) cm2 and (1.58±0.36) cm2 in the postive group at 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th day and splenic lesions were not found at 21st day in all dogs (n=12). At 7th and 14th day post-injection, lesion areas were statistically significant between two groups (t=27.162, P=0.008;t=15.129, P=0.001). Free intraperitoneal lfuid was (0.91±0.05) cm at 1st day detected by conventional ultrasound and free intraperitoneal fluid was not found at 3rd, 7th, 14th and 21st day in all dogs (n=12) of HIGM group. The free intraperitoneal fluid in thepositive group was (1.96±0.17) cm, (1.30±0.11) cm and (0.81±0.12) cm at 1st, 3rd and 7th day and free intraperitoneal lfuid was not found at 14th and 21st day in all dogs (n=12). At 1st, 3rd and 7th day post-injection, free intraperatitoneal lfuid was statistically significant between two groups (t=20.934, P=0.003; t=41.310, P=0.000; t=22.520, P=0.000). Histopathological examination showed that there was no foreign body and foreign body granuloma and the structure of red pulp was recovered at 7th, 14th and 21st day. Gross anatomy showed that the splenic injury site was recovered completely without complications. Conclusion This study explored the value of HIGM for splenic trauma and provided a preliminary experimental evidence for clinical treatment.

AIMTo study chemical constituents of Mimosa pudica of Hainan province.

METHODSThe constituents were separated and purified by column chromatography with macroporous adsorption resin Diaion HP-20, Sephadex LH-20, Toyopearl HW-40, MCI Gel CHP-20, RP-18 and normal phase silica gel. Their structures were identified on the basis of physical and spectral data.

RESULTSFour compounds were isolated and identified as: 7, 8, 3', 4'-tetrahydroxyl-6-C-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl flavone (I); 5, 7, 4'-trihydroxyl-8-C-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-( --> 2)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl flavone (II); 5, 7, 3', 4'-tetrahydroxyl-6-C-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl flavone (III); catcher (IV).

CONCLUSIONCompound I is a new compound and componuds II - IV were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Disaccharides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Flavones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Mimosa ; chemistry ; Molecular Conformation ; Molecular Structure ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical effect of post-extension pulling massage in treating lumbar disc herniation.

METHODSFrom January 2008 to December 2008, 61 patients with lumbar disc herniation, 34 males and 27 females, ranging in age from 17 to 67 years with an average of 42.6 years, were treated with post-extension pulling massage after continued traction for 30 minutes (on alternate days one time, 3 times as a course of treatment). There was bulging type in 9 cases, hernia type in 22, free type in 30. After a course of treatment, the clinical effects were evaluated according to standard of Macnab, the items included pain, lumbar activity, normal work and life of patients.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 1 to 9 months with an average of 4.6 months. After treatment, the symptoms and signs of patients had obviously improved in above aspects. According to standard of Macnab, 48 cases got excellent result, 10 good, 2 fair, 1 poor.

CONCLUSIONThe post-extension pulling massage in treating lumbar disc herniation can obtain satisfactory results, which have localized site of action, small compression for vertebral body and can reduce accidental injury.

Diskectomy ; Female ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; therapy ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; pathology ; Lumbosacral Region ; pathology ; Male ; Massage ; methods ; Spine ; Traction ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)α agonist bezafibrate and oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) on fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) expression and apoptosis in cardiac endothelial cells.

METHODSThe mRNA level of FGF21 was determined by real time-PCR and the protein concentration of FGF21 in culture media was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in cultured cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) incubated with 10, 50, 100 µg/ml ox-LDL, 50, 100 or 200 µmol/L bezafibrate alone or in combination with 100 µg/ml ox-LDL. CMECs apoptosis in various treatment groups was also determined.

RESULTSFGF21 mRNA and protein expressions were significantly upregulated in proportion to increased ox-LDL, and 200 µmol/L bezafibrate alone also significantly upregulated FGF21 expression and CMECs apoptosis was significantly reduced in 200 µmol/L bezafibrate + 100 µg/ml ox-LDL group compared to 100 µg/ml ox-LDL group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSOur data suggest that bezafibrate and ox-LDL induced upregulation of FGF21 might mediate the protective effect against apoptosis. Endogenous FGF21 could thus play important roles in improving the endothelial function at the early stage of atherosclerosis and slowing the development of coronary heart disease.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Atherosclerosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Bezafibrate ; pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelium, Vascular ; cytology ; metabolism ; Fibroblast Growth Factors ; metabolism ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; pharmacology ; PPAR alpha ; agonists ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the accuracy of [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) triple-head coincidence imaging in the setting of suspected lung cancer.

METHODS109 patients with suspected lung cancer were enrolled in the present study. According to the diameter of the lesion (> 1.5 cm,

RESULTSOf the total of 109 patients, 86 cases were confirmed as lung cancer whereas 23 cases were benign by pathological study. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of FDG imaging were 95% (82/86), 74% (17/23) and 91% (99/109), respectively. For the group of lesion diameter > 1.5 cm, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 98% (81/83)), 63% (10/16) and 92% (91/99), respectively. While for the group of lesion diameter

CONCLUSIONSThe technique of [18F] FDG imaging is an useful method for routine evaluation of patients with suspected lung cancer. The sensitivity of detection is related to lesion size, if lesions
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiopharmaceuticals ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon ; methods

BACKGROUNDA number of studies have examined the association between estrogen receptor alpha (ESR-α) gene polymorphisms and bone mineral density (BMD), but previous studies of ESR-α gene XbaI (rs9340799) and PvuII (rs2234693) polymorphisms have been hampered by small sample size, regional restrictions and inconclusive results. Thus a meta-analysis is needed to assess their pooled effects.

METHODSThis study reviewed all published articles indexed in Pubmed using the keywords in the title or abstract. All data were extracted independently by two reviewers using a standard form, the studies were meta-analyzed and minor discrepancies were resolved by authors' discussion.

RESULTSTwenty seven eligible studies involving 8467 women and 2032 men were identified. The XbaI and PvuII polymorphisms were significantly associated with BMD of the lumbar spine. XX and PP homozygotes had a protective effect in comparison with carriers of the x and p alleles, the effects were more significant in premenopausal women or Western women. At the femoral neck, the results were different. XX served as a protective factor in postmenopausal women, Western women, Western postmenopausal women, and men, while PP was likely to serve as a risk factor in Eastern women, Eastern postmenopausal women, and men.

CONCLUSIONSThe XbaI polymorphism is correlated to BMD at diverse skeletal sites. PP had a protective role for the lumbar spine but might be a risk factor for the femoral neck.

Bone Density ; genetics ; Estrogen Receptor alpha ; genetics ; Female ; Femur Neck ; pathology ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Male ; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the biocompatibility of a novel cavernous nickel-titanium alloy with rat bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) in vitro.

METHODSRat BMSCs were cultured on the surface of compact, microporous and macroporous nickel-titanium alloys, and the cell proliferation on day 3 during the culture was assessed using MTT assay. On day 7 of the cell culture, the cells were labeled with Hoechst33342 for cell counting under a fluorescence microscope. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed on day 7 of cell culture to observe the morphological changes of the cells.

RESULTSThe cell proliferation rate and cell numbers differed significantly between the cavernous alloy groups and the compact alloy group (P<0.05), but similar between the former two groups (P>0.05). SEM showed that compared with the compact alloy, microporous and macroporous nickel-titanium alloys had better biocompatibility with the BMSCs, and the cells on the surface of the cavernous alloys had normal cell morphology.

CONCLUSIONCavernous nickel-titanium alloy has good biocompatibility and can promote the adhesion, aggregation and proliferation of rat BMSCs in vitro.

Animals ; Biocompatible Materials ; pharmacology ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Cell Adhesion ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; Male ; Materials Testing ; methods ; Nickel ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Titanium ; pharmacology

BACKGROUNDFibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a new member of FGF super family that is an important endogenous regulator for systemic glucose and lipid metabolism. This study aimed to explore whether FGF21 reduces atherosclerotic injury and prevents endothelial dysfunction as an independent protection factor.

METHODSThe present study was designed to investigate the changes of FGF21 levels induced by oxidized-low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), and the changes of apoptosis affected by regulating FGF21 expression. The FGF21 mRNA levels of cultured cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) were determined by real time-PCR and the protein concentration in culture media was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We analyzed the different expression levels of untreated controls and CMECs incubated with ox-LDL, and the changes of CMECs apoptosis initiated by the enhancement or suppression of FGF21 levels.

RESULTSThe secretion levels of FGF21 mRNA and protein were significantly upregulated in CMECs incubated with ox-LDL. Furthermore, FGF21 levels increased by 200 µmol/L bezafibrate could reduce CMECs apoptosis, and inhibit FGF21 expression by shRNA induced apoptosis (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSFGF21 may be a signal of injured target tissue, and may play physiological roles in improving the endothelial function at an early stage of atherosclerosis and in stopping the development of coronary heart disease.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Bezafibrate ; pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Coronary Artery Disease ; prevention & control ; Endothelial Cells ; physiology ; Fibroblast Growth Factors ; analysis ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; physiology ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; toxicity ; Male ; PPAR alpha ; physiology ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the feasibility, therapeutic effects and complications of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) for small-cell lung cancer (SCLC).

METHODSThe data of 19 SCLC patients treated between June 2001 and August 2003, with 3DCRT were reviewed and analyzed. Eighteen patients were treated by radiotherapy plus chemotherapy while only 1 patient by radiotherapy alone. Radiotherapy was delivered at 2 Gy/fraction, 5 fractions per week with a median total dose of 54 Gy. Chemotherapy consisted of 4 - 6 cycles of etoposide and cisplatin or carboplatin. The median follow-up time was 24 months.

RESULTS(1) The overall response rate after 3DCRT was 79.0%, with a complete remission rate of 31.6% (6/19), partial remission rate of 47.4% (9/19). The 1- and 2-year overall survival (OS) was 71.7% and 35.8% respectively, with a median survival time (MST) of 19 months, and both the 1- and 2-year local progression free survival (LPFS) were 94.7%. (2) Of these 19 patients, grade 2 acute radiation pneumonitis developed in 5.3%, grade 2 late radiation pneumofibrosis in 5.3%, grade 2 acute radiation esophagitis in 10.5% and grade 2 acute hematologic toxicity in 10.5%.

CONCLUSIONThree-dimensional conformal radiotherapy is feasible in the treatment of SCLC with high response rate and acceptable complications. Further observation, more patients treated by 3DCRT and prolonged follow-up are needed to evaluate remote survival.

Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Small Cell ; drug therapy ; radiotherapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; radiotherapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiotherapy Dosage ; Radiotherapy, Conformal ; methods

BACKGROUNDXS0601, consisting of active ingredients (Chuangxiongol and paeoniflorin), has been shown to inhibit arterial neointimal hyperplasia in animal models and in preliminary human studies. The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of XS0601 in preventing restenosis following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

METHODSA multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted. A total of 335 patients were randomized into treatment with the oral administration of XS0601, or a placebo for 6 months after successful PCI. Angiographic follow-up was scheduled at 6 months, and clinical follow-ups performed at 1, 3 and 6 months after PCI. The primary end point was angiographic restenosis. The secondary end points were the combined incidence of death, target lesion nonfatal myocardial infarction, repeat angioplasty, and coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

RESULTSA total of 308 patients (91.9%) completed the study and 145 cases (47.1%) received angiographic follow-up. The restenosis rates were significantly reduced in the XS0601 group as compared with the placebo group (26.0% vs. 47.2%, P < 0.05), and the minimum lumen diameter (MLD) was greater [(2.08 +/- 0.89) mm for XS0601 vs. (1.73 +/- 0.94) mm for placebo, P < 0.05]. XS0601 also significantly reduced the combined incidence of major adverse cardiac event (10.4% in the XS0601 group vs. 22.7% in the placebo group, P < 0.05). The incidence of recurrent angina at 3 and 6 months after PCI was also significantly reduced in XS0601 group (7.1% and 11.0%) as compared with those in placebo group (19.5% and 42.9%) (P < 0.05). No significant side effects occurred within the 6-month follow-up period in the XS0601 group.

CONCLUSIONAdministration of XS0601 for 6 months is demonstrated to be safe and effective in reducing restenosis in post-PCI patients.

Adult ; Aged ; Angina Pectoris ; prevention & control ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Coronary Restenosis ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Double-Blind Method ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Stents