BACKGROUND:Many studies reported the relationship of the mechanical properties and water content about bone tissue, which is one of organizations containing the lowest water content on human body. Researches on effect of water on biological tribology behavior of bone tissue have been rarely reported and are the experimental study generally. OBJECTIVE:To explore the influence and the damage mechanism of water on biological tribology behavior of bone tissue, by comparing multiscale numerical model established with the experiment. METHODS:Dehydration of the bone tissue was studied by nanoindentation test and both reciprocating sliding and impact wear tests. A multi-scale finite element model was constructed under a flat-on-ball configuration. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The viscoelasticity and the tribological properties of bone tissue significantly decreased as well as the different wear mechanisms under applied loading after drying. The analytical results indicated that there were high stress condition, which incurred the micro-crack initiation and the appearance of peeling and wear, around the Haversian canal, circumferential lamellas and the interstitial tissues. Meso-scale:dehydration weakened the function of absorption and interruption of stress, which facilitated crack extension in pore. Micro-scale:the high stress gradient of structure of canaliculi and lacunae is an important cause of tissue damage.

Objective: To explore risk factors for complicated cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in patients with refractory hypertension (RH).Methods: Clinical data of 536 RH patients, who were treated in our hospital from Jun 2010 to Jul 2015, were retrospectively analyzed.According to presence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases or not, patients were divided into complication group (n=217) and pure RH group (n=319).Results: Compared with pure RH group, there were significant rise in percentages of drinking and smoking, hypertension course, mean arterial pressure (MAP), mean systolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, serum uric acid (SUA), creatinine (Cr), total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and significant reductions in high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) mean diastolic blood pressure and mean heart rate in complication group, P<0.01 all.Multi-factor unconditional Logistic regression analysis indicated that hypertension course, SUA,MAP, Cr and LDL-C levels were independent risk factors for complicated cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in RH patients (OR=1.014~3.217, P<0.05 or <0.01).Conclusion: Hypertension course,MAP,Cr,SUA and LDL-C are independent risk factors for refractory hypertension.Enhancing their monitor, prevention and treatment are important to reduce incidence rates of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications in patients with refractory hypertension.

The effect of dark tea fermentation liquid with Eurotium Cristatum on the activity of digestive enzyme was researched, as fellowing amylase, protease, lipase. The results showed that dark tea fermentation liquid with Eurotium Cristatum may increase remarkably the activity of ?-amylase and protease, but decrease efficiently the activity of lipase. The fermentation liquid improves the digestion and absorption of starch and protein, but inhibits the decomposition and absorption of fat, so it can explain the mechanism of Fu-brick tea's health functions.

The rapid development of computer technology, molecular pharmacology and molecular biology extremely promoted the extensive and successful application of virtual screening technique (VST) in pharmaceutical exploitation. Based on plentiful literature and their own previous work, the authors elaborated the principles, methodology and strategy of VST systematically, gave a retrospection on the application of VST in the field of TCM in the last several years, and supposed that along with deepening of understanding, VST would play a greater role in TCM.
Computational Biology ; Computer Simulation ; Drug Design ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Software ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

Objective To explore the role of Beclin 1 and PTEN in gastric caicinoma genesis and the effects on prognosis.Methods The expression of Beclin 1 and PTEN in 199 gastric caicinoma specimens and corresponding adjacent noncancerous tissues were examined by tissue microarrays and immunohistochemistary,and the relation with gastric cancer was analyzed.The rate of Beclin 1 and PTEN expression in 15 fresh gastric carcinoma samples and corresponding adjacent noncancerous tissues were detected by Western blot.All the samples were from Changzheng Hospital.Results The Results of immunohistochemistary showed that the rates of Beclin 1 and PTEN positive expression in cancinoma tissues were 47.2％ (94/199) and 55.8％ (111/199),both were lower than that of adjacent noncancinoma tissues (94.5％,188/199 and 92.5％,184/199; P ＜ 0.01).The lower expression of Beclin 1 and PTEN in gastric carcinoma were associated with gender,differentiation degree,depth of tumor invasion,lymph node metastases and disease stage(P＜0.05).There was a positive correlation between Beclin 1 and PTEN expression in gastric carcinoma tissues (r =0.680,P＜0.01). The survival analysis indicated that Beclin 1 and PTEN were independent factors in determining the prognosis of gastric cancinoma patients.The 5-year survival rate of Beclin 1 positive patients was 67.0％ (63/94),and of negative patients was 33.3％ (35/105).The 5-year survival rate of PTEN positive patients was 71.2％ (79/111),and of negative patients was 21.6％ (19/88) ( all P＜0.001).The Results of Western blot indicated that the expression of Beclin 1 and PTEN in gastric carcinoma tissues were significantly lower than that in the adjacent noncarcinoma tissues ( all P＜0.001).Conclusion The abnormal expression of Beclin 1 and PTEN may be related to carcinogenesis and the development of gastric carcinoma.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical effect of pendulum and straight wire technology in patients with fully erupted second molar.MethodsPatients with Angle class Ⅱ malocclusion were chosen.Control group included patients without erupted second molar.Experimental group included patients with completely erupted second molar.Pendulums were used in two groups to distalize maxillary molars.Then straight wire orthodontic treatment had been performed until treatment was over.Cephalograms of each stage were analyzed.ResultsIn the experimental group,mesiobuccal cusp of first molar was distalized for 4.62 mm,geometric center was distalized for 3.75 mm,about 81 percent of the movement of mesiobuccal cusp.In control group,mesiobuccal cusp of first molar was dis talized for 5.78 mm,geometric center was distalized for 3.20 mm,about 55 percent of the movement of mesiobuccal cusp.It turned out first molar was distalized in both groups,but more rotation took place in control group than that in the experimental group.ConclusionsPendulum can distalize maxillary first and second molars in patients with completely erupted second molar.The pendulum and straight wire technology can treat these patients successfully.

Literature review of the world on hospital brands, data collection in summary and comparison, and specialist consultancy were used to set the appraisal indicators, while the stratum analysis was used to calculate the weight coefficients of individual indicators, for building the appraisal indicators system for hospital brand effect. In addition, the indicators system and appraisal model were called into play to explore the use of hospital brands, offering scientific references for hospital management.

Objective To analyze the results of syphilis serology test among inpatients and to provide information for the control of syphilis.Methods Syphilis serology test results of inpatients from Jan.2010 to Nov.2012 in a tertiary general hospital were collected and retrospectively analyzed.The serum samples were screened by Treponema pallidum (TP) antibody enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and syphilis toluidine red unheated serum reagin test (TRUST) simultaneously.The TP-ELISA positive samples were confirmed by Treponema pallidum particle agglutination test (TPPA).Difference of measurement data was compared with analysis of variance.Results A total of 81 946 cases were collected,among which 1618 cases were positive of anti-TP.The positive rate of anti-TP was 2.27％ in the year 2010,1.58％ in 2011,and 2.11％ in 2012.For male and female patients,the positive rates of anti-TP were 2.38％ and 1.69％,respectively (x2 =48.97,P=0.00).The positive rates of anti-TP in the age groups of ≤19 years,20-39 years,40-59 years,60-79 years,and ≥80 years were 2.83％,0.94％,2.14％,2.37％,and 3.63％,respectively.The titer of TRUST was relatively lower in anti-TP positive inpatients.The anti-TP positive patients with TRUST titer ＜ 1∶8 accounted for 84.65％ in the age group of ≤19 years,79.69％ in the 20-39 years group,81.69％ in the 40-59 years group,86.12％ in the 60-79 years group,and 87.45％ in the age group of ≥80 years.The highest anti-TP positive rate (3.63％) was observed in the age group of ≥80 years with the lowest percentage (12.55 ％) of TRUST titer ≥1∶8.The lowest anti-TP positive rate (0.94％) was observed in the 20-39 years group with the highest percentage (20.31％) of TRUST titer ≥1∶8.Conclusions The characteristics of syphilis serological positivity vary depending on genders and ages.The prevention and control measures for syphilis should be strengthened,especially in the senior population.

Objective To compare the effective dose deposited in patients between helical tomotherapy (HT) and multi-ISO radiotherapy (M-ISO) in carniospinal irradiation (CSI).Methods Nine children with craniospinal irradiation were selected .For these patients , new plans were designed with HT and M-ISO centers planning method on the treatment planning system ( TPS) .The effective dose of the nine patients from 18 treatment plans were calculated ,and the difference of the effective dose between HT and M-ISO was compared using paired t-test.Results The plans designed in two groups were both satisfied all clinical requirements .For the planning target volume ( PTV ) , no statistically significant difference was found in D95% between two groups ( P>0.05 ) , while D98%, D2% and homogeneity index (HI) in HT group were superior to M-ISO group (t=2.762, 2.413, 4.563, P<0.05), D50%, Dmean and CI in M-ISO group were superior to HT group (t=5.259, 3.685, 7.815, P<0.05).HT and M-ISO had different advantages in the protection of the OARs .The effective dose of patients in M-ISO group was superior to HT group (t=5.921, P<0.05).Conclusions HT and M-ISO have different advantages in CSI.The low dose area has greater influence on the effective dose in HT group compared to M-ISO group. The low dose area should be concerned while designing the treatment planning for CSI .

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of laparoscopy-assisted total gastrectomy (LATG) for gastric cancer by systematic review and meta-analysis.Methods The literature database before February,2012 was extensively searched to retrieve the comparative studies of LATG and open total gastrectomy(OTG) with a relevance of study goal.The inclusion and exclusion criteria were formulated.Aftera quality evaluation,the data was extracted.The Cochrane collaboration RevMan 5.1 version software was used for meta-analysis.Results There are ten studies meeting the inclusion criteria for meta-analysis.The total sample size of these studies was 942 cases.Compared to OTG,LATG experienced longer operation time [weighted mean difference(WMD) =41.12 min,95％ confidence interval(CI):20.62-61.63,P ＜0.01)],less blood loss(WMD =-198.36 ml,95％ CI:-300.94--95.78,P ＜ 0.01),earlier time to flatus(WMD =-0.80 days,95％ CI:-1.17--0.42,P＜0.01),shorter hospital stay(WMD =-4.02days,95％ CI:-6.03--2.01,P ＜ 0.01) and decrease in overall complications [relative risk (RR) =0.55,95％ CI:0.40-0.76,P ＜ 0.01)].The number of dissected lymph nodes,proximal or distal resection margin and mortality were similar between the two groups.Conclusions Laparoscopy-assisted total gastrectomy is a safe and feasible procedure with less blood loss,less overall complications and quick recovery.