Combined Modality Therapy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Genetic Therapy ; Hepatitis B ; complications ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phytotherapy

Objective To study the inhibitory effects of stachyose on the hyperacute rejection in pig-to-human heart xenotransplantation.Methods A pig-to-human xenogeneic heart transplantation model was established based on an in vitro free heart blood perfusion system.The pig hearts were di- vided into two groups:group A(pig hearts treated with human blood perfusion as control)and group B(pig hearts treated with human blood plus stachyose perfusion).After perfusion for 1h,the heart xenografts were examined for deposit of lgG and IgM by immunohistochemistry and pathological analy sis.Results The mean survival time of perfusion hearts in groups A and B was(9.5?2.5)min and (46.8?8.1)min respectively(P

Objective To study the feasibility and surgical techniques of C57BL/6 mice intracarotid injected Lewis lung cancer cell line 3LL to establish a kind lung cancer brain metastasis animal model .Methods Green fluorescent protein(GFP) positive 3LL cells were intracarotid injected into C57BL/6 mice to establish lung cancer brain metastases animal models ,then tumor growth and survival time were analyzed .Results The intracarotid injection animal model could establish brain metastases animal model success-fully .Conclusion The intracarotid injection is an effective method to establish cancer brain metastatic animal model .

Objective To investigate the quality of life of children with leukemia and the related factors.Methods The descriptive and interrelated design was used in this study.80 children with leukemia were interviewed using"the QOL instrument for children".Results The level of QOL was "generally satisfied"among children with leukemia.Mostly,the level of QOL among depression,anxiety and physical perception was less satisfied.QOL was significant related with gender,relationship in the family,performance in the schooll,relationship with peer,and personality,and was not related with place of living,whether the child was the single child in the family,disease classification and stage of ehemothrapy.Conclusions The evaluation of QOL of children with leukemia is very important.Interven-tions should be performed to improve QOL of children with leukemia,especially boy,and ehidren who are introversive.or have worse relationship with family and peers,or worse performance in the school.

Objective To investigate the effect of dynamic regulation of negative pressure values in vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) on healing of soft tissue wounds.Methods From January 2013 to December 2015,115 patients were treated at our institute for open soft tissue defects of Gustilo-Anderson type ⅢaⅢc.They were 69 males and 46 females,aged from 17 to 76 years (average,44.7 years).They were divided into 4 groups to be subjected to different negative pressure values.Group A (n =29) was subjected to negative pressure values from-40 to-20 kPa,group B (n =29) to values from-80 to-60 kPa,group C (n =29) to values from-40 to-20 kPa for the first 72 hours followed by values from-80 to-60 kPa,and group D (n =28) to values from-60 to-80 kPa for the first 72 hours followed by values from-40 to -20 kPa.The 4 groups were compared in terms of drainage volume,wound shrinking,cleaning time,healing time and complications.Results The drainage volumes on the 7th day in groups B and D (4.89 ± 0.66 mL/cm2 and 4.33 ± 0.96 mL/cm2) were significantly higher than those in groups A and C (2.90 ± 0.67 mL/cm2 and 2.99 ±0.56 mL/cm2);the wound shrinking areas on the 14th day in groups B and D (14.16 ± 1.77 cm2 and 13.84 ± 1.65 cm2) were significantly larger than in groups A and C (12.57 ± 1.92 cm2 and 10.95 ± 1.37 cm2) (P ＜ 0.05).The cleaning time in group A was significantly longer than in the other 3 groups (P ＜ 0.05).The healing time in groups A and C was longer than in groups B and D (P ＜ 0.05).The incidences of pain in groups B and C were significantly higher than in groups A and D (P ＜ 0.05).The incidences of infection and blocking in group A were higher than in the other 3 groups (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Dynamic regulation of negative pressure values from-80 to-60 kPa for the first 72 hours followed by values from-40 to-20 kPa is an optimal choice for VSD management of soft tissue defects due to adequate drainage,obvious wound shrinking,quick cleaning and healing,and limited complications.

Objective To investigate the state of Th1/Th2 cytokine imbalance in patients with lupus nephritis (LN) and its role in the pathogenesis. Methods Plasma level of interleukin-18 and interleukin-13 in 18 patients with active LN and 16 normal controls were measured by enzyme-linked immunoadsordent assay (ELISA). IL-18 and IL-13 expression in the renal tissues from 18 patients and 6 normal renal tissues were also detected by immunohistochemical assay. The ratio of plasma and renal IL-18/IL-13 was then calculated. Results Plasma levels and renal expression of IL-13 and IL-18 in patients with LN were increased significantly compared to those of normal controls (P0.05). The ratio of renal IL-18/IL-13 was not significantly different among all types of LN and normal controls. The ratio of plasma IL-18/IL-13 was positively correlated with LN renal tissue activity index (AI), but no correlationship could be found in renal IL-18/IL-13 ratio. Conclusion It seems that the immune disturbance in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can not be simply divided into Th1 predominant and Th2 predominant. It seems far complicated than this Th1/Th2 paradigm. It may be affected by the state of disease activity, the lesion location and the type of pathology.

Objective: To study the protective e ects and dosage-e ect relationship of Naomaitong on focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion in aged rats.Methods : Focal cerebral ischemia model ( ischemia 3h and I/R12d)was duplicated with MCAO.The changes of the nervous dysfunction score ,the water content of cerebral constitution and the expression of TNF-?,VCAM-1,ICAM-1and its mRNA were observed. Results :The nervous dysfunction score ,the water content of cerebral constitution, the expression of TNF-?,VCAM-1,ICAM-1and its mRNA in aged model group were higher than those of the sham-operated group;but all of these were decreased in three Naomaitong groups and Nimodipine group compared with that of aged model group;the nervous dysfunction score and the expression of VCAM-1,ICAM-1 mRNA in Naomaitong group(0.9g?kg-1) were lighter than that of the Nimodipine group;the nervous dysfunction score,the water content of cerebral constitution, the expression of TNF-?,VCAM-1,ICAM-1and its mRNA in Naomaitong group(0.9g.g-1.d-1) were higher than that of Naomaitong group(0.45g?kg-1?d-1).Conclusion :Naomaitong could protect brain cell from damage after focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury by inhibiting the expression of TNF-?,VCAM-1,ICAM-1, with the middle dose of Naomaitong being more e ective.

Four qi theory is an important part of property theory of traditional Chinese medicine. Current researches mainly focus on two aspects of cold and heat properties, which are not only important elements of treating diseases, but also are factors of causing adverse reaction. In this article, through the study on the toxicity mechanism of cold and hot properties, authors put forward to the control measures of toxic and side effects of traditional Chinese medicine with cold and hot properties, and pointed out that the importance of controlling toxicity of traditional Chinese medicine with cold and hot properties lies in the modernization and internationalization of traditional Chinese medicine.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of Naomaitong Recipe, a compound Chinese herbal medicine, on the expressions of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and nitric-oxide synthases (NOSs) in brain tissue after focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion in aged rats and the dosage-effect relationship. METHODS: We adopted the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in aged rats as the focal cerebral ischemia model, with 3-hour ischemia and 12-day reperfusion, and observed the changes of the nerve dysfunction score, the water content of cerebral constitution and the expressions of NF-kappaB, heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70) and NOSs in cerebral cortex. RESULTS: The nerve dysfunction score, the water content of cerebral constitution, the expressions of NF-kappaB, HSP70, neuronal nitric-oxide synthase (nNOS), endothelial nitric-oxide synthase (eNOS) and inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS) in the untreated group were higher than those of the sham-operated group. The nerve dysfunction score, the water content of cerebral constitution, the expressions of NF-kappaB, iNOS and nNOS were lower, while the expressions of HSP70 and eNOS were higher in the high-, medium- and low-dose Naomaitong-treated groups and nimodipine-treated group than those of the untreated-group. The nerve dysfunction score and the expression of nNOS were lower, while the expression of eNOS was higher in the medium-dose Naomaitong-treated group than those of the nimodipine-treated group. The expressions of HSP70 and eNOS were higher, while the other indices were lower in the medium-dose Naomaitong-treated group than those of the low-dose Naomaitong-treated group. CONCLUSION: Naomaitong Recipe can protect the brain cells from damage after focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury by adjusting the expressions of NF-kappaB, HSP70 and NOSs, and the medium-dose Naomaitong Recipe is more effective.

Objective To investigate the effects of high temperature preconditioning on hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2)-induced expression of mitochondrial metallothionein (MT) in rat cardiomyocytes.Methods The rat cardiomyocytes H9C2 cultured in vitro were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =6 each):control group (group C) ;H2O2 group (group H2O2); high temperature preconditioning group (group HTP).The cells were continuously cultured for 3 h in group C.The cells were cultured for 3 h in serum-free DMEM liquid culture medium containing H2O2 0.5 mmol/L in an incubator filled with 5％ CO2 at 37 ℃ in group H2O2.In group HTP,the cells were cultured in serum-containing DMEM liquid culture medium,then placed in a warm bath of 42 ℃ for 1 h,cultured for 12 h in an incubator filled with 5％ CO2 at 37 ℃,DMEM liquid culture medium was then removed,and the other procedures were similar to those previously described in group H2 O2.Myocardial cell apoptosis was observed by flow cytometry.The apoptotic rate was calculated.The ultrastructure of myocardial mitochondria was examined with electron microscope.The expression of mitochondrial MT in cardiomyocytes was determined using Western blot.Results Compared with group C,the apoptotic rate was significantly increased,and the expression of mitochondrial MT was up-regulated in groups H2O2 and HTP (P ＜ 0.01).The apoptotic rate was significantly lower,and the expression of mitochondrial MT was higher in group HTP than in group H2O2 (P ＜ 0.01).The mitochondrial injury was attenuated in group HTP as compared with group H2 O2.Conclusion The mechanism by which high temperature preconditioning reduces H2 O2-induced myocardial damage may be related to up-regulation of expression of mitochondrial MT in cardiomyocytes and endogenous myocardium-protective mechanism in rats.