OBJECTIVE　To establish a method for the determination of paeoniflorin in Fufang Biejia Ruangan tablet.METHODS　The tablets were extracted with 50% ethanol.The sample solution was applied on a silica gel G-CMC plate and developed with chloroform-methanol-glacial acetic acid (85∶13∶2) and was sprayed with sulfuric acid containing 5% vanillin.The separated spot was determined by scanning with CS-930 at λS=575 nm,λR=700 nm.RESULTS　The average recovery was 97.60% and the RSD was 3.67%.CONCLUSION　The results showed that this method is sensitive,specific,accurate and reproducible.

To determine the etiologic agent of an outbreak of influenza viruses from Changsha Foothill Mountain International School in 2009, and to analyze the HA Gene Characteristic of the H1N1 influenza viruses. Twenty-five nasopharyngeal swab specimens from the outbreak of influenza viruses were tested by conventional RT-PCR and influenza viruses isolated simultaneously. Virus isolated (A/Yuelu/314/2009) from the outbreak was sequenced by CEQTM 8000 Genetic Analysis System and the sequencing results submitted to GenBank (Accession No: FJ912843), then the sequencing data was analyzed by ClustalX and Mega4.1softwares. Results showed the influenza viruses A(H1N1) of positive were 18 cases by influenza viruses isolated tests and 21 cases by conventional RT-PCR, respectively. The nucleotide and amino acid sequence homology of the HA gene of A/Yuelu/314/2009 are 99% compare with the vaccine strain (A/Brisbane/59/2007) in 2008~2009 years. The HA sequence data also showed that had 6 amino acid mutations (V148A, S158N, G202A, I203D, A206T, W435R), and the S158N located at antigenic site B of HA protein. Nine potential glycosylation sites (27, 28, 40, 71, 151, 176, 303, 497, 536) in the HA sequence of A/Yuelu/314/2009 is the same with A/Brisbane/59/2007, and the sequences of potential glycosylation sites were conserved. In this study, laboratory evidence diagnosed seasonal influenza A virus (H1N1) as the etiologic agent of the outbreak. The virus isolated (A/Yuelu/314/2009) strain of H1N1 subtype is not a new variant in Changsha in 2009 compare with the vaccine strain (A/Brisbane/59/2007), the outbreak of influenza A virus (H1N1) from Changsha Foothill Mountain International School maybe are caused by the change in genetic characteristics between vaccine strains and the decreased of immunity to influenza A virus (H1N1) in the crowd.

Humans ; Intestines ; Stomach Neoplasms/complications*

To develop a reverse transcription-loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay for rapid and sensitive detection of Norwalk GII. 4 primers which recognized 6 distinct regions on the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene of Norwalk GII were designed and used for LAMP assay. Norwalk GII RNA was amplified under isothermal conditions (65 degrees C) for 120 min, and LAMP results were then judged with naked eye, SYBR Green I staining, electrophoretic analysis and restriction digestion. To evaluate the specificity of the RT-LAMP, 48 fecal specimens of Norwalk GII and 12 fecal specimens of group A rotaviruses were tested. To compare the sensitivity of the RT-LAMP with that of conventional RT-PCR, Norwalk GII RNA was serially diluted and amplified by RT-LAMP and RT-PCR, respectively. With 46 fecal specimens of Norwalk GII, observation with naked eyes, SYBR Green I staining and electrophoretic analysis were able to detect the PCR products in the RT-LAMP assay. The specificity of RT-LAMP products was also confirmed by digestion of the RT-LAMP products with restriction enzymes. No RNA amplification was observed in 2 fecal specimens of Norwalk GII and 12 fecal specimens of group A rotaviruses. The specificity of the RT-LAMP assay with regard to RT-PCR were 100% for Norwalk GII. The detection limits of RT-LAMP was 15.6 pg/tube for Norwalk GII and similar to that of a RT-PCR assay. Compared to RT-PCR, the RT-LAMP assay has been proven to be a rapid, sensitive, specific and accurate method for detection of the Norwalk GII in fecal specimens, and that RT-LAMP assay is potentially useful for the rapid detection of Norwalk GII from fecal specimens in outbreaks of infectious diarrhea.
Caliciviridae Infections ; virology ; Feces ; virology ; Humans ; Norwalk virus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; RNA Replicase ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Viral Proteins ; genetics

BACKGROUNDPrevious investigations indicate that cooks are exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) from cooking oil fumes (COF). However, Emission of PAH and their carcinogenic potencies from cooking oil fumes sources have not been investigated among cooks.

AIMSTo investigate the urinary excretion of a marker for oxidative DNA damage, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), in different groups of cooks and different exposure groups, and to study the association between 8-OHdG and 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP), a biological marker for PAH exposure.

METHODSUrine samples were collected from different groups of cooks (n = 86) and from unexposed controls (n = 36), all are male with similar age and smoking habits. The health status, occupational history, smoking, and alcohol consumption 24 hours prior to sampling was estimated from questionnaires. The urinary samples were frozen for later analyses of 8-OHdG and 1-OHP by high performance liquid chromatography.

RESULTSExcretion in urine of 8-OHdG were similar for controls (mean 1.2 µmol/mol creatinine, n = 36), and for those who had been in the kitchen room with exhaust hood operation (mean 1.5 µmol/mol creatinine, n = 45). COF exposed cooks without exhaust hood operation had increased excretion of 8-OHdG (mean 2.3 µmol/mol creatinine, n = 18). The difference between this group and the unexposed controls was significant. The urinary levels of ln 1-OHP and ln 8-OHdG were still significantly correlated in a multiple regression analysis.

CONCLUSIONResults indicate that exposure to PAH or possibly other compounds in COF may cause oxidative DNA damage.

Adult ; Air Pollutants, Occupational ; urine ; Cooking ; DNA Damage ; Deoxyguanosine ; analogs & derivatives ; urine ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Exposure ; Oils ; adverse effects ; Oxidative Stress ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ; adverse effects ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

Based on the records of carboxyhemoglobin in blood samples stored for recent years, the stability of carboxyhemoglobin in these samples could be affected by the containers, the storage temperatures, the volumes of air above the blood, the saturation of the initial carboxyhemoglobin and preservatives added in these blood samples, among which the storage temperatures, the volumes of air above the blood and the saturation of the initial carboxyhemoglobin are the major influence factors.
Air ; Blood Preservation ; Carbon Monoxide/chemistry* ; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning/blood* ; Carboxyhemoglobin/analysis* ; Drug Stability ; Forensic Medicine ; Humans ; Specimen Handling/methods* ; Temperature

Objective To investigate the effects of fluoxctine and amitriptyline on rat behaviors in the forced swimming test(FST)and phosphoryhted ERK1/2 level in the rat brain.Methods Thirty male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups(n=10):ftuoxefine(FLX),amitriptyline(AMT) and control(CON) groups.Treated groups were injected with 20 mg/kg fluoxetine and 20 mg/kgamitriptyline,respectively,23 h after the 15-rain pie-test of FST.The animals in CON group were injected with the same volume of distilled water.Thell a 5-min FST was conducted 1 h later.The 5-min test sessions were videotaped and the time span for each behavior(latency of immobility.immobility,swimming and climbing)was recorded.All rats were sacrificed with a perfusion of 4% paraformaldehyde immediately after the termination of the test.Immunohistochernical ABC staining was used to observe the distribution of pERK1/2-like immunoreactive(LI)neurons in the brain. Results(1)The latency of immobility in AMT group was significantly longer than that of CON group during the 5 min FST (P<0.05),and the climbing time in AMT group was longer than that of CON group and FLX group(P<0.05),while the duration of immobility in AMT group was obviously shorter in comparison with CON group (P<0.05).The duration of swimming behavior in FLX group was longer than that of CON group as well as AMT group(p<0.05).(2)Numbers of pERK1/2-LIneurons in FLX group were greatly reduced in prefrontal codex(PFC),cingulate gyms(Cg)and prelimbic cortex(Prl) in comparison with that of CON and AMT group(P<0.05),while the expressed pERK1/2 in AMT group was significantly decreased in the neurons of ventrolateral septum(LSV)in comparison with that of CON group(P<0.05).And compared with CON group,the numbers of pERKl/2-LI neurons in both drug treated groups were greatly reduced in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and more significantly in AMT group(P<0.01).Conclusion Administration of fluoxetine and amitriptyline have different effects on rat behaviorals in the FST.Both of them may be have some effects on anti-negative psychological stress.The ERKI/2 pathway possibly plays a role in this process.

OBJECTIVETo establish the HPLC fingerprint of Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati (Polygonum cuspidatum).

METHODThe HPLC separation was carried with Diamonsil C18 column and eluted with a gradient from methanol and 0.1% phosphoric acid, the detection wavelength was at 230 nm and recording 70 min. The similarity of chromatograms was compared by mean of the software from Zhongnan University.

RESULTThe constituents of P. cuspidatum were well separated by HPLC, and the similarity was above 0.80.

CONCLUSIONThe method can be used for the study of fingerprints of Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Emodin ; analogs & derivatives ; analysis ; Fallopia japonica ; chemistry ; classification ; Glucosides ; analysis ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; classification ; Quality Control ; Reproducibility of Results ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Stilbenes ; analysis ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

To explore novel ADP receptor inhibitors with anti-thrombotic activity, eighteen compounds were synthesized and their structures were confirmed by 1H NMR and MS. The results showed that the activity of compound C1 was superior to ticlopidine in platelet aggregation inhibition tests in vivo and worthy for further investigation. Compounds A4, B2, C4 and C7 possessed moderate platelet aggregation inhibitory activities.
Animals ; Male ; Molecular Structure ; Platelet Aggregation ; drug effects ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Purinergic P2Y Receptor Antagonists ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Thienopyridines ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology

Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Genes, Viral ; Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus ; genetics ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Influenza, Human ; epidemiology ; virology