OBJECTIVEThe study the patterns of rDNA ITS sequence variation of 9 medicinal species of genus Bupleurum in China to find the DNA molecular markers for identification of these crude drugs.

METHODThe ITS regions of these species were amplified by PCR and sequenced, and their sequences were analyzed by DNAssist Version 2.2.

RESULTSHomologous alignment indicated that the consanguinity of the ITS sequences between genus Bupleurum and outgroups was lower than 75%, and that within genus Bupleurum was higher than 88%. For the same species, the consanguinity was higher than 99%.

CONCLUSIONThe ITS sequences may serve as reliable molecular markers for identification of Radix Bupleuri.

Bupleurum ; classification ; genetics ; DNA, Plant ; chemistry ; genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer ; chemistry ; genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Plant Roots ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Species Specificity

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical roles of Jiawei Shentong Zhuyu Decoction (JSZD) in preventing the occurrence of failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS), and to observe its effect on serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha).

METHODSTotally 100 patients prepared for surgical operation due to lumbar intervertebral disc herniation were randomly assigned to the treatment group and the control group according to random number table, 50 cases in each group. Patients in the treatment group additionally took JSZD, one dose per day, taken in two portions, once in the morning and once in the evening. Those in the control group took Celecoxib Capsule (200 mg each time, once per day) and Mecobalamin Tablet (0.5 mg each time, 3 times per day). They only took Mecobalamin Tablet from the 11th day. All patients were treated for 30 days. Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score was performed before treatment, at week 1, after treatment, at 6 months of followed-ups, and at 12 months of followed-ups. And the levels of TNF-alpha in the peripheral blood were observed before treatment and at one month after treatment.

RESULTSTotally 93 patients completed the followed-up study. The JOA scores were improved after treatment, at 6 and 12 months of followed-ups (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The JOA score at 6 months of followed-ups was superior in the treatment group to that of the control group (P < 0.05). Five patients (accounting for 10.6%) suffered from FBSS in the treatment group, while 9 (accounting for 19.6%) suffered from FBSS in the control group. The treatment group was superior to the control group (P < 0.05). The TNFalpha level was improved after treatment in the two groups. Of them, the improvement of TNF-alpha in the treatment group was better than that of the control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe application of JSZD was effective for preventing the occurrence of FBSS, and improved the serum TNF-alpha level.

Adult ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Failed Back Surgery Syndrome ; prevention & control ; Female ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo analyze the nuclear ribosome DNA (nrDNA) internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of 4 Leonurus species, and the possibility of using them for molecular authentication of the crude drugs from the genus.

METHODSThe nrDNA ITS sequence (including ITS1, 5.8S rDNA, ITS2, and partial 18S rDNA and 26S rDNA) of L. japonicus and its 3 adulterant species were amplified and sequenced, and CLUSTRAL X and MEGA software was employed for analysis.

RESULTSThe variation of ITS1 and ITS2 between L. japonicus and its adulterant species ranged between 7.2% and 18.8% and between 14.2% and 27%, respectively. The phylogenic tree derived from the dendrograms based on the ITS sequence data contained some discrepancy from the traditional classification.

CONCLUSIONThe nrDNA ITS sequences can be used potentially as efficient markers for identification of L. japonicus and its adulterants, and further study is needed for studying the phylogeny of Leonurus.

DNA, Plant ; chemistry ; genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer ; chemistry ; genetics ; Leonurus ; classification ; genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Species Specificity

This thesis reviews the historical background of agricultural industrialization, and analyzes the major theories of agricultural industrialization. It also utilizes SWOT analysis method to discuss the industrialization of traditional Chinese medicinal materials in Jianhe county, and finally it puts forward the recommendations for its further development.
Agriculture ; economics ; China ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; economics ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; economics ; Industry ; Marketing ; Uncaria ; chemistry ; growth & development

OBJECTIVETo compare the medium- and long-term effect of pneumatic ballistic extracorporeal shock wave versus ultrasound-guided hormone injection in the treatment of plantar fasciitis.

METHODSThe clinical data were collected from patients with plantar fasciitis admitted to PLA General Hospital pain department from September, 2015 to February, 2017. The patients were randomly divided into ultrasound-guided drug injection group and shock wave group. The therapeutic parameters including the numerical rating scale (NRS) scores in the first step pain in the morning, American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle Hindfoot Scale, and thickness of the plantar fascia were monitored before and at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after the treatment. The recurrence rate, effectiveness, and patient satisfaction were compared between the two groups at 6 months after the treatment.

RESULTSThirty-nine patients were enrolled in shock wave group and 38 patients in ultrasound group. The NRS scores in the first step pain in the morning were lowered after treatment in both groups (P<0.05), and the scores were significantly lower in ultrasound group than in shock wave group at 1 week and 1 month (P<0.01), but significantly higher in ultrasound group than in shock wave group at 3 and 6 months after treatment (P<0.05). The AOFAS functional scores were increased in both groups (P<0.05) at 6 months after treatment, was significantly lower in ultrasound group than in shock wave group than group B (90.44∓13.27 vs 75.76∓21.40; P<0.05). The effective rates in shock wave group and ultrasound group were 92.31% and 76.32%, respectively (P<0.05). Recurrence was found in 1 patient (2.56%) in shock wave group and in 8 (21.05%) in ultrasound group (P<0.05). The patient satisfaction scores were significantly higher in shock wave group than in ultrasound group (8.13∓2.67 vs 6.63∓3.75, P=0.048).

CONCLUSIONPneumatic ballistic extracorporeal shock achieves better medium- and long-term outcomes than ultrasound-guided hormone injection in the treatment of plantar fasciitis.

OBJECTIVETo study the prevalence of hepatitis B infections and carrier status among general population in Chaoyang district, Beijing in 2010.

METHODSFrom May to December 2010, 14 491 subjects over 12 months old were selected by multistage random cluster sampling method from residents in Chaoyang district, Beijing. Five millilitre venous blood specimens were collected from these subjects to test hepatitis B virus antigens and antibodies. Status of hepatitis B infections were analyzed in different age, sex and registered permanent residence groups.

RESULTSThe overall positive rate of surface antigen (HBsAg) was 2.66% (383/14 410). The lowest rate of 0.56% (9/1603) was found in the 1 to 14 years old group and the 35 to 44 years old group had the highest rate of 4.27% (92/2154). The rate in subjects younger than 24 years old was 1.03% (31/2986). The overall positive rate of surface antibody (anti-HBs) was 40.21% (5798/14 421). The highest positive rate of anti-HBs (80.59%, 407/505) was found in the 1 to 4 years old group. The overall positive rate of core antibody (anti-HBc) was 30.26% (4364/14 424). The overall hepatitis B virus infection rate was 30.32% (4364/14 393). For male and female groups, the positive rates of HBsAg were 2.93% (179/6108) and 2.44% (202/8287) respectively (χ² = 3.32, P > 0.05); anti-HBs were 41.93% (2563/6113) and 38.96% (3231/8293) respectively (χ² = 12.88, P < 0.01); and anti-HBc were 31.39% (1919/6114) and 29.39% (2438/8295) respectively (χ² = 6.65, P = 0.01). For local residents group and mobile population group, the positive rates of HBsAg were 2.46% (283/11 510) and 3.60% (98/2719) respectively (χ² = 11.08, P < 0.01); anti-HBs were 37.11% (4293/11 568) and 53.07% (1445/2723) respectively (χ² = 233.51, P < 0.01); and anti-HBc were 30.83% (3567/11 570), and 28.41% (774/2724) respectively (χ² = 6.08, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe positive rate of HBsAg in population younger than 24 years old has reached a relatively low level. The mobile population has significantly higher positive rate of HBsAg than local residents, indicating the need for enhancing prevention and control measures for hepatitis B for the mobile population and local residents over 25 years old.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Hepatitis B ; blood ; epidemiology ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; blood ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Urban Population ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo understand the environmental risk factors on attempted suicide in patients with major depression, and to study the interaction between factors as single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) of TPH2 gene rs7305115 associated to attempted suicide in major depression.

METHODSPaired case-control study on 215 suicide attempters with major depression (92 male, 123 female) and molecular biological techniques were used to study the relation between TPH2 gene rs7305115 SNP,interrelated environmental factors and the rate of attempted suicide. Controls were paired with cases according to the same gender, similar age (no more than 3 years) and from the same district.

RESULTSThere were remarkably significant differences in gene types and gene frequency between case and control groups (P < 0.001). Data from multivariate conditional logistic regression model analysis showed that hopelessness, negative life-events and family history of suicide were relationship of attempted suicide in patients with major depression with OR values as 0.33 (95% CI: 0.22-0.99), 7.68 (95% CI: 5.79-13.74), 6.64 (95% CI: 2.48-11.04), 2.98 (95% CI: 1.17-5.04) respectively. There was no first level interaction between any of the two risk factors.

CONCLUSIONResults from the study supported the idea that hopelessness, negative life-events and family history of suicide were risk factors of attempted suicide in major deprbssion while TPH2 gene rs7305115 A/A might be the protective factor.

Case-Control Studies ; China ; epidemiology ; Depressive Disorder, Major ; genetics ; psychology ; Humans ; Odds Ratio ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Risk Factors ; Suicide, Attempted ; psychology ; statistics & numerical data ; Tryptophan Hydroxylase ; genetics

Objective: To identify the risk factors in mortality of pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS) in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Methods: Second analysis of the data collected in the "efficacy of pulmonary surfactant (PS) in the treatment of children with moderate to severe PARDS" program. Retrospective case summary of the risk factors of mortality of children with moderate to severe PARDS who admitted in 14 participating tertiary PICU between December 2016 to December 2021. Differences in general condition, underlying diseases, oxygenation index, and mechanical ventilation were compared after the group was divided by survival at PICU discharge. When comparing between groups, the Mann-Whitney U test was used for measurement data, and the chi-square test was used for counting data. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the accuracy of oxygen index (OI) in predicting mortality. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors for mortality. Results: Among 101 children with moderate to severe PARDS, 63 (62.4%) were males, 38 (37.6%) were females, aged (12±8) months. There were 23 cases in the non-survival group and 78 cases in the survival group. The combined rates of underlying diseases (52.2% (12/23) vs. 29.5% (23/78), χ²=4.04, P=0.045) and immune deficiency (30.4% (7/23) vs. 11.5% (9/78), χ²=4.76, P=0.029) in non-survival patients were significantly higher than those in survival patients, while the use of pulmonary surfactant (PS) was significantly lower (8.7% (2/23) vs. 41.0% (32/78), χ²=8.31, P=0.004). No significant differences existed in age, sex, pediatric critical illness score, etiology of PARDS, mechanical ventilation mode and fluid balance within 72 h (all P>0.05). OI on the first day (11.9(8.3, 17.1) vs.15.5(11.7, 23.0)), the second day (10.1(7.6, 16.6) vs.14.8(9.3, 26.2)) and the third day (9.2(6.6, 16.6) vs. 16.7(11.2, 31.4)) after PARDS identified were all higher in non-survival group compared to survival group (Z=-2.70, -2.52, -3.79 respectively, all P<0.05), and the improvement of OI in non-survival group was worse (0.03(-0.32, 0.31) vs. 0.32(-0.02, 0.56), Z=-2.49, P=0.013). ROC curve analysis showed that the OI on the thind day was more appropriate in predicting in-hospital mortality (area under the curve= 0.76, standard error 0.05,95%CI 0.65-0.87,P<0.001). When OI was set at 11.1, the sensitivity was 78.3% (95%CI 58.1%-90.3%), and the specificity was 60.3% (95%CI 49.2%-70.4%). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for age, sex, pediatric critical illness score and fluid load within 72 h, no use of PS (OR=11.26, 95%CI 2.19-57.95, P=0.004), OI value on the third day (OR=7.93, 95%CI 1.51-41.69, P=0.014), and companied with immunodeficiency (OR=4.72, 95%CI 1.17-19.02, P=0.029) were independent risk factors for mortality in children with PARDS. Conclusions: The mortality of patients with moderate to severe PARDS is high, and immunodeficiency, no use of PS and OI on the third day after PARDS identified are the independent risk factors related to mortality. The OI on the third day after PARDS identified could be used to predict mortality.
Female ; Male ; Humans ; Child, Preschool ; Infant ; Child ; Critical Illness ; Pulmonary Surfactants/therapeutic use* ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome/therapy*