Objective To evaluate atrial stunning after successful cardioversion in patients with atrial fibrillation by utilizing tissue Doppler imaging(TDI),M-mode echocardiography in left atria-ventricuhr annulus motion,together with pulsed Doppler echocardiography and apexcardiogram.Methods Thirtyeight patients with atrial fibrillation who in 1 hour after successfully underwent electrical or pharmacological cardioversion were involved.The peak motion velocity of mitral annulus during atrial contraction period(Am)and peak motion velocity during early diastolic period(Em) was detected by TDI.The biggest motion argument of mitral annulus during atrial contraction period(DAD)and biggest motion argument during early diastolic period(DED)was detected byM-mode echocardiography.The blood flow velocity of mitral during early diastole(E)and atrial contraction(A) was also measured by pulsed Dopphr echocardiography and pressure wave during atrial systole was recorded by apexcardiogram.The patients were divided into two groups according to whether they had atrial stunning(atrial stunning group and non-atrial stunning group).Results The incidence of atrial stunning occurred in left atrium was 28.9%(11/38)at 1 hour after successful cardioversion.There was no significant difference in cardioversion method between two groups(P>0.05).The patients in atrial stunning group had longer duration of atrial fibrillation and Larger left atrium(P<0.05).A,Am and DAD in the atrial systole period in atrial stunning group was 0.but in non-atrial stunning group was(43±34)cm/s,(6±4)cm/s,(0.27 ±0.18)cm,respectively,and there were significant difference between two groups(P<0.05).Conclusion Atrial stunning can happen in left atrium after successful cardioversion,and atrial stunning is related to the duration of atrial fibrillation and the dimension of left atrium.

Objective To evaluate atrial stunning and the recovery of atrial function after successful cardioversion in the patients with atrial fibrillation by utilizing tissue Doppler imaging(TDI) and M-mode echocardiography in atria-ventricular annulus motion, together with pulsed Doppler echocardiography and apexcardiogram. Methods Thirty-four patients with atrial fibrillation received ultrasound examinations in 1 hour,1 day,1 week and 1 month after successful cardioversion. The results were compared with those of 20 age-matched healthy individuals. From the echocardiography apical 4-chamber views, the atrial mechnical activities in the mitral and tricuspid annulus were recorded using two-dimensional echocardiography guided M-mode and TDI. Furthermore, pulsed Doppler transmitral and transtricuspid inflow velocity and apexcardiogram were also recorded. Atrial stunning means the lack of atrial mechanical function after atrial electrical activity was recovered with successful cardioversion. Results Left and right atrial functions after cardioversion were both inferior to those of the healthy ones,but improved with time,up to 1 week right arial function turned basically to normal and 1 month left one recovered to normal.The incidence of atrial stunning in left and right atrium accounted for (20.6)% and (14.7)% respectively at 1 hour after successful cardioversion, (11.76)% and (14.7)% at 1 day, (6.5)% and (3.2)% at 1 week. Conclusions Both left and right atrial functions are lower than the normal after cardioversion,and atrial stunning happens in both atria.Left and right atria recover to normal respectively in 1 month and 1 week.

OBJECTIVE:To develop a RP-HPLC method for simultaneous determination of benzoic acid and salicylic acid in compound benzoic acid ointment.METHODS:Chromatographic condition included Hypersil ODS column and mobile phase of a mixture of potassium dihydrogen phosphate-methanol(78∶22),the detection wavelength was254nm.RESULTS:The linear ranges of benzoic acid and salicylic acid were0.4～2.0mg/ml(r=0.9999)and0.2～1.0mg/ml(r=0.9999);the average re?coveries were98.74%(RSD=0.55%)and98.67%(RSD=0.59%);the intra-day RSDs were0.56%and0.73%(n=5);the inter-day RSDs were0.75%and0.82%(n=5)respectively.CONCLUSION:This method is simple,accurate and quick,and can be used for the quality control of the preparation.

Objective To investigate the effects of adenosine postconditioning (AP) on serum IL-10 and TNF-α concentrations following myocardial ischemia-reperfusion(VR)in rats.Methods Twenty-four SD ratsweighing 180-250 g were randomly divided into 4 groups(n=6 each):group I sham operation (group S);group Ⅱ myocardial I/R;group Ⅲ ischemic postconditioning(group IP)and group Ⅳ AP.Myocardial I/R was induced by 30 rain occlusion of anterior descending branch of left coronary artery followed by 120 min reperfnsion.IP was induced by 3 cycles of 30 s myocardial ischemia followed by 30 s reperfusion at the end of ischemia.In AP group adenosine 1.5 mg/kg was infused at 40μg·kg-1·min-1 before the onset of reperfusion.SP,DP and HR were recorded before ischemia (baseline) at 30 min of ischemia and 30 and 120 min of reperfusion.Arterial bloodsarnples were collected at 120 min of repednsion for determination of serum TNF-α and IL-10 concentrations.Theanimals were then killed.Their hearts were removed for microscopic examination.Myocardial infarct size wasmeasured and myocardial MDA content was determined.Results BP and HR were signilicandy decreased duringreperfusion while myocardial infarct size.MDA content and serum concentrations of IL-10 and TNF-α weresignificantly increased in I/R group compared with group S.Ischemic and adenosine postconditioning significantlyattenuated hypotension,reduced infarct size,myocardial MDA content and serum TNF-α concentration and increased serum IL-10 concentration in group AP and IP as compared with I/R group.There was no significant difference in the above changes between group AP and IP. Myocardial injury was ameliorated in group AP and IP as compared with I/R group. Conclusion Adenosine postconditioning can protect myocardium from I/R injury by increasing IL-10 production and inhibiting TNF-a release.

OBJECTIVE: To study clinical characteristics, diagnosis, pathological types and therapy methods of nonsquamous cell neoplasm in subglottis, in order to improve comprehension of this rare disease. METHOD: To analysis 3 patients' clinical data with noosquamous cell neoplasm in subglottis by reviewing related literature, and to generalize the symptoms, differentiation and treatment experience of nonsquamous cell neoplasm in subglottis. RESULT: Among the 3 patients, one's main complain was hoarseness and the other two's main symptom was inspiratory dyspnea. As diagnosis was definite and acute obstruction of airway was relieved, the neoplasms were removed totally. Two patients were undergone operation through oral cavity by using suspended laryngoscope, and one patient was done surgery by neck approach. Paraffin wax result showed that one patient suffered epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma, who received radiotherapy after surgery. There is no recurrence in all patients by following up more than 1 year. CONCLUSION The occurrence of nonsquamous cell neoplasm in subglottis is relatively low, and the subglottis should be inspected carefully to avoid missed diagnosis. Operation is the preferred method to treat this kind of disease. To choose a suitable operational manner according to size, location of the neoplasm is crucial.
Female ; Glottis ; pathology ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged

The individuality of mangrove ecotope determined the diversity and specificity of symbiotic microorganisms and their metabolites. However, being confined by the knowledge and cultivation means, the field on mangrove symbiotic microorganisms was on starting. In this paper, the progresses on symbiotic microorganisms of mangrove were reviewed, which hint the essentiality and trends of that field.

The molecular characterization of self-antigens expressed by human malignancies that are capable of elicitation of anti-tumor immune responses in patients has been an active field in hematology, oncology, and tumor immunology. More than 2000 tumor antigens have been identified. These significant progresses have led to the renaissance of tumor immunology and studies on novel anti-tumor immunotherapies in lymphomas, other hematologic malignancies and tumors. However, despite of the progress in the identification of these self-tumor antigens, current antigen-specific immunotherapies for tumors are far less satisfactory than that expected, which reflects the urgent need to improve our understanding on the basic principles underlying the selection of these self-tumor antigens. In order to develop more effective antigen-specific anti-tumor immunotherapies and to monitor the responses to these immunotherapies in patients with lymphomas and other malignancies, many additional questions need to be addressed. In this brief review, the progress in the identification of tumor antigens in lymphomas and other malignancies was outlined and the new principles of self-tumor antigens and their significance for future immunotherapies to these malignancies were summarized.
Antigens, Neoplasm ; classification ; immunology ; therapeutic use ; Autoantigens ; classification ; immunology ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; therapy ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; methods ; trends ; Lymphoma ; immunology ; therapy ; Neoplasms ; immunology ; therapy

Objective · To investigate the possible role of TLR4 signaling pathway in the mediation of atherosclerosis. Methods · TLR4 were knocked down via transfection with TLR4-specific siRNA, and the lipid accumulation was further detected in control and TLR4-knockdown groups by oil red O staining. The expression of CD36 andLectin-like oxLDL receptor 1 (LOX-1) in macrophages were detected by Western blotting to investigate the role of TLR4 in the expression of oxLDL-related receptors. Cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) were tested by ELISA to confirm the possible role of TLR4 in the secretion of inflammatory factors. Results · Macrophages (namely CD68+ cells) were found to accumulate within atherosclerosisplaques with TLR4 highly expressed on the surface of macrophages; the stimulation with oxLDL promoted the lipid accumulation (P<0.01), the secretion of inflammatory factors (P<0.01), and the expression of CD36 and LOX-1. The oxLDL-associated expression of CD36 was decreased but the expression of LOX-1 was not affected. The knockdown of TLR4 inhibits oxLDL-induced lipid accumulation (P<0.01)and inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1 and MMP-9) secretion (P<0.01). Conclusion · TLR4 signaling pathway possibly promotes the lipid accumulation and the secretion of inflammatory factors via up-regulating the expression of CD36 to affect the formation and development of atherosclerosis.

Objective To detect patients with cancer of the stomach cancer tissue and serum Periostin protein expression of the situation,the preliminary explore its clinical significance.Methods Selected 60 cases of our hospital diagnosed as gastric carcinoma patients with carcinoma tissue samples,tissue adjacent to carcinoma specimens and serum,and choose 60 cases of healthy check-up serum specimens at the same time.Classified all patients according to clinical classification factors,inclu-ding age,sex,TNM stage,degree of infiltration,lymph node metastasis and pathological grading,immunohistochemical meth-od determination of Periostin in gastric cancer and adjacent tissue protein expression,enzyme-linked immunoassay detection in patients with gastric cancer patients and normal serum Periostin protein content.Results The method of ELISA to detect gastric cancer patients serum Periostin protein level was 46.76.4 ng/ml,and healthy crowd Periostin protein levels was 23.1 ±4.5 ng/ml,statistically significant difference (t= 7.34,P<0.05).Immunohistochemical methods showed that Periostin in patients with cancer of the stomach cancer tissue protein positive rate was (73.2±5.4)%,positive rate of (33.4±6.5)%in the tissue adjacent to carcinoma,statistically significant difference (t=8.52,P<0.05).Ⅲ~Ⅳ period patients serum Periostin protein level was 64.9±6.3 ng/ml,Ⅰ~Ⅱ period patients serum Periostin protein level was 41.6±4.1 ng/ml, statistically significant difference (t=9.17,P< 0.05).Periostin protein inⅢ~Ⅳ positive rate was 67.8% in patients with carcinoma tissue,Ⅰ~ phase Ⅱ positive rate was 52.9%,statistically significant difference (t=9.64,P<0.05).According to infiltrate the classification:T3,T4 patients serum Periostin protein level was 61.9±6.6 ng/ml,T1 and T2 patients serum Periostin protein level was 44.6±3.7 ng/ml,statistically significant difference (t=8.24,P<0.05).Periostin protein in T3 and T4 positive rate was 6 6.2% in patients with carcinoma tissue,T1 and T2 positive rate was 5 1.4%,statistically signifi-cant difference (t=7.58,P<0.05).Lymph node metastasis patients serum Periostin protein level was 65.2±4.3 ng/ml, without metastasis in patients with serum Periostin protein level was 42.6±3.2 ng/ml,statistically significant difference (t=7.63,P<0.05).Periostin protein in the tissue of carcinoma patients with lymph node metastasis group positive rate was 60.8%,no transfer of positive rate was 37.5%,statistically significant difference (t=8.56,P<0.05).Conclusion Periostin protein expression in patients with gastric cancer tissue and serum was significantly higher than that of healthy people,and to a certain extent is proportional to the illness,Periostin protein is a predictable stomach occurrence,lesion degree of poten-tial biological indicators.

Objective To investigate the effects of artesunate (Art) on cell proliferation, apoptosis, nuclear factor (NF)-κB and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) expressions induced by high glucose in rat renal mesangial cells (HBZY-1), and the mechanism thereof. Methods HBZY-1 cells were cultured and divided into normal glucose group (5.6 mmol/L), high glucose group (25 mmol/L) and high glucose with different concentrations of Art (10 mg/L, 20 mg/L, 30 mg/L) groups. MTT assay was used to detect the cell proliferation after 48 h. The apoptotic rate was evaluated by flow cytometry with Annexin V-FITC/PI double stains. The protein levels of NF-κB and MCP-1 in the cell culture supernatant were determined using ELISA. Results High glucose induced apoptosis and proliferation in HBZY-1 cells, and the expressions of NF-κB and MCP-1 in the supernatant were also increased (P<0.05). After treatment with Art, the proliferation was obviously abolished, and the apoptosis was increased, and the expressions of NF-κB and MCP-1 in the supernatant were decreased in HBZY-1 cells. The effects of Art showed a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). Conclusion Artesunate treatment can reverse the effect of high glucose in HBZY-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner, which may provide a new therapeutic strategy for diabetic nephropathy.