Disaster Planning ; organization & administration ; Emergencies ; Emergency Medical Services ; organization & administration ; Humans ; Public Health ; methods

0.05],significantly higher than stage Ⅲ,Ⅳ[60%(6/10),50%(5/10);P

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of sport walking on heart and lungs functions in old women.MethodsForty-two old women aged from 60 to 69 had sport walking for 4 months; the speed and intensity were controlled according to their heart rate respectively. The indexes of respiration, circulation and rheoencephalography were measured before and after exercise.ResultsAfter exercise, blood-pumping function of heart improved obviously, stroke volume increased from (65.22±11.41)ml to (72.10± 10.78)ml, ejection fraction increased from (60.10±5.03)% to (68.78±6.25)%, while heart rate declined from (77.45±8.69) times/min to (7.89±8.21)times/min, capacity increased from (2.86±0.36)L to (3.34±0.53)L, and maximal voluntary ventilation for every minute increased from (96.14± 15.21)L to (114.02±16.01)L, significantly different compared with that before treatment ( P<0.01). The fluid time of rheoencephalography reduced from (0.171±0.058)s to (0.128±0.049)s ( P<0.01).ConclusionSport walking under proper intensity can improve the function of respiration and circulation system in old women, so it is a good way to keep health for the elders.

OBJECTIVETo observe the evolutionary tendency of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) of the limbic system in post-stroke model rats and the intervention effect of Yinao Jieyu Recipe (YJR).

METHODSMale Wistar rats were randomly divided into the normal control group (n =6), the sham-operation group (n =7), the multiple cerebral infarction (MCI) group (n =10), the post-stroke depression (PSD) group (n =10), the Chinese medicine (CM) treatment group (n =10), and the Western medicine (WM) treatment group (n =10) according to random digit table after open-field testing. Rats in the normal control group were routinely fed. 0. 3 mL normal saline was intravenously pushing from the external carotid artery to rats in the sham-operation group, and distilled water administered to them by gastrogavage. Each dose allogenic microthrombi were in vitro pushed to rats in the rest groups from the external carotid artery. The PSD model was duplicated by 21-day chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) and single cage feeding in the PSD group 7 days after surgery. After preparing models rats in the CM group and the WM group were administered with YJR and Nimodipine respectively for 4 successive weeks. Changes of BDNF and the intervention effect of YJR were observed at week 1, 2, and 4 after intervention.

RESULTSImmunohistochemical results of BDNF showed, compared with the normal control group, expression levels of BDNF in the hippocampus, hypothalamus, and amygdala decreased in the MCI group at week 2 and 4 (P <0. 01 , P <0. 05) ; expression levels of BDNF in each part decreased in the PSD group at week 1-4 (P <0.01). Compared with the MCI group, expression levels of BDNF in each part decreased in the PSD group at week 1-4 (P <0. 01). Compared with the PSD group, expression levels of BDNF in each part increased in the CM group at week 1-4 (P <0. 01).

CONCLUSIONBDNF changes existed in post-stroke model rats, and YJR could slow down this progress.

Amygdala ; Animals ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; metabolism ; Depression ; Depressive Disorder ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Hippocampus ; Male ; Models, Animal ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Stroke ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs (GnRHa) on final height, weight and pubertal development in girls with central precocious puberty.

METHODSTwenty-six girls with central precocious puberty were treated with GnRHa for an average of 19.2+/- 8.4 months. Pretreatment and posttreatment predicted adult heights (PAH) were evaluated based on the Bayley-Pineau table. The patients, heights and weights were measured monthly. Bone age (BA) was evaluated using Greulich-Plyle. Height standard deviation score for BA [HtSDS (BA)] was measured. After discontinuation of treatment, the patients were followed-up for the observation of height, weight, BA and menstruation.

RESULTSFinal height averaged 158.0+/- 4.0 cm in the 26 girls, which was greater than their target height (155.3+/- 4.4 cm; P< 0.01) and consistent with their posttreatment PAH (158.4+/- 5.2 cm). The final height was positively corrrelated with initial height, PAH and HtSDS(BA). There was a positive correlation in the body mass index before and after treatment (r=0.724, P< 0.01). Menarche occurred 13.2+/- 6.1 months after discontinuation of treatment, with a mean menarche age of 12.2+/- 0.7 years.

CONCLUSIONSGnRHa may increase final height in girls with central precocious puberty. Their final heights may be correlated with their initial heights and PAH. The pubertal development after GnRHa treatment in girls with central precocious puberty may be matched with normal children.

Age Determination by Skeleton ; Body Height ; drug effects ; Body Mass Index ; Child ; Child Development ; drug effects ; Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; adverse effects ; analogs & derivatives ; Humans ; Puberty, Precocious ; drug therapy ; physiopathology

Objective To compare the differences of electrical activity in calf muscle of children with growing pains from normal children when standing and heel raising. Methods 32 children with growing pains and foot pronation were as growing pains group, and 32 normal children as control group. All the children were measure with surface electromyography (sEMG) of tibialis anterior, peroneus longus, medial gastrocnemius and tibialis posterior when standing and heel raising. Results The root mean square (RMS) of peroneus longus increased significantly in growing pains group when standing (P<0.01). The RMS decreased significantly in medial gastrocnemius (P<0.05) and increased significantly in tibialis posterior (P<0.01) when heel raising. Conclusion The characteristics of electrical activity in calf muscle is difference from the normal in the growing pains children with foot pronation during standing and heel raising.

OBJECTIVETFo compare the efficacy and complications rate of intramedullary (IM) nailing or K-wire versus plating fixation for clavicular fractures.

METHODSPubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library databases, CNKI, VIP and Wangfang databases were searched to find all randomized or quasi-randomized controlled trials of clavicle fractures using plating versus IM nailing or K-wire. The methodologic quality of the studies was assessed. After independent study selection by 2 authors ,data were collected and extracted independently. Outcomes of postoperative shoulder functional measurement, the efficacy and information of the operation and complications rate were meta-analyzed using RevMan 5 software.

RESULTSNine hundreds and seventy-six patients in 10 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 3 quasi-RCTs were involved in the meta-analysis,of which 5 studies compared the K-wire and the plating fixations and 8 studies compared the IM nailing and the plating fixations. The overall odds ratio(OR) (with 95% CI) of the operation efficacy for K-wire versus the plating was 3.79 (1.93, 7.46). The overall weighted mean difference (with 95% CI) of Constant Shoulder score for plating versus IM fixation was -1.39 (-3.43, 0.65) in 6 studies. The overall OR of the plating versus IM nailing was 9.34(2.70, 32.32) for the overall major complications in 5 studies and 5.04 (1.52,16.77) for the revision rate in 5 studies.

CONCLUSIONThe current limited evidences suggested that the IM fixation could reduce the incidences of the overall major complications and the revision surgery, while the post-operative efficacy of the plating was superior to the K-wire. More high quality RCTs are still needed in the future.

Bone Nails ; Bone Wires ; Clavicle ; injuries ; surgery ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; instrumentation ; methods ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

OBJECTIVETo screen mutations in the forkhead transcriptional factor 2 gene (FOXL2) in six Chinese families with blepharophimosis, ptosis, and epicanthus inversus syndrome(BPES).

METHODSPCR amplification and direct sequencing of the FOXL2 coding region in genomic DNA were performed in affected patients and 80 healthy controls. BLAST analysis of the sequence was made on Internet.

RESULTSA novel 951-953(delC) was found in the two affected patients of a Chinese family with BPES. No mutations were found in the healthy controls. The 951-953(delC) may cause a frameshift mutation after codon 238 that exists downstream of the forkhead domain, resulting in the production of truncated proteins.

CONCLUSIONThese findings indicated that the 951-953(delC) deletion mutation in the two patients resulted in truncated proteins and hence led to their BPES. To the authors' knowledge, the 951-953(delC) in FOXL2 has not been previously reported.

Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Blepharophimosis ; genetics ; Blepharoptosis ; genetics ; China ; Eyelid Diseases ; genetics ; Family Health ; Female ; Forkhead Box Protein L2 ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Pedigree ; Sequence Alignment

OBJECTIVETo study the association of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) with overweight or obesity in children.

METHODSA total of 2889 healthy children and 702 overweight or obese children aged from 7 to 18 years who had received a physical examination were enrolled. Height, body weight, waist circumference, and blood pressure were measured, and the biochemical indicators including blood glucose, blood lipids, ALT, and insulin were detected. The insulin resistance index were calculated.

RESULTSThe ALT level was significantly higher in boys than in girls. Along with the increase of BMI, the ALT level increased in the normal, overweight, and obese groups in both boys and girls. ALT was correlated with BMI, waist circumference, triglyceride, and insulin resistance index. Among the overweight or obese children, the boys with the increased ALT level had higher BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein and insulin resistance index than the boys with normal ALT level (P<0.05); the girls with the increased ALT level had higher waist circumference, blood pressure and insulin resistance index and lower high density lipoprotein than the girls with normal ALT level (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSALT is correlated with overweight and obesity and metabolic disorders caused by overweight and obesity such as dyslipidemia and insulin resistance.

Adolescent ; Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Body Mass Index ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin Resistance ; Male ; Obesity ; enzymology ; Overweight ; enzymology

BACKGROUNDPrevious investigations indicate that cooks are exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) from cooking oil fumes (COF). However, Emission of PAH and their carcinogenic potencies from cooking oil fumes sources have not been investigated among cooks.

AIMSTo investigate the urinary excretion of a marker for oxidative DNA damage, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), in different groups of cooks and different exposure groups, and to study the association between 8-OHdG and 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP), a biological marker for PAH exposure.

METHODSUrine samples were collected from different groups of cooks (n = 86) and from unexposed controls (n = 36), all are male with similar age and smoking habits. The health status, occupational history, smoking, and alcohol consumption 24 hours prior to sampling was estimated from questionnaires. The urinary samples were frozen for later analyses of 8-OHdG and 1-OHP by high performance liquid chromatography.

RESULTSExcretion in urine of 8-OHdG were similar for controls (mean 1.2 µmol/mol creatinine, n = 36), and for those who had been in the kitchen room with exhaust hood operation (mean 1.5 µmol/mol creatinine, n = 45). COF exposed cooks without exhaust hood operation had increased excretion of 8-OHdG (mean 2.3 µmol/mol creatinine, n = 18). The difference between this group and the unexposed controls was significant. The urinary levels of ln 1-OHP and ln 8-OHdG were still significantly correlated in a multiple regression analysis.

CONCLUSIONResults indicate that exposure to PAH or possibly other compounds in COF may cause oxidative DNA damage.

Adult ; Air Pollutants, Occupational ; urine ; Cooking ; DNA Damage ; Deoxyguanosine ; analogs & derivatives ; urine ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Exposure ; Oils ; adverse effects ; Oxidative Stress ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ; adverse effects ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult