Background T helper cell 17 (Th17),a newly discovered subset of CD4+ T cells,have been found to play an important role in dry eye disease in animal model.Further investigation should be done on the immunopathogenesis of Th17 cells in dry eye patients.Objective This study was to analyze the expression status of interleukin-17 (IL-17) and IL-22 in tear and supernatant of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of dry eye patients and their correlation with clinical symptom and sign.Methods Twenty Sj(o)gren syndrome (SS)patients,twenty non-Sj(o)gren syndrome (NSS) patients were included in Wuxi Second Hospital from 2010 to 2011,and twenty healthy volunteers were recruited at the same period.All of subjects understood the purpose and procedure of research and written informed consent was obtained form each subject initial of this study.Dry eye symptom questionnairs were self-answered and multiple dry eye disease-related clinical tests,including the breakup time of tear film (BUT),Schirmer Ⅰ test (S Ⅰ t) and corneal fluorescein staining were performed.The periphery blood of 3 ml and tear were collected in all the subjects,and IL-17 and IL-22 levels in supernatant of PBMCs and tear were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The correlations between levels of IL-17 and IL-22 with BUT,S Ⅰ t,corneal fluorescein staining and dry eye scores were analyzed.Results The dry eye scores reduced,BUT prolonged,S Ⅰ t increased and corneal fluorescein dye decreased from SS group,NSS group to normal control group,with significant differences among the three groups (dry eye scores:H =40.81,P＜0.01 ; BUT:H =40.15,P＜0.01 ;S Ⅰ t..H=50.07,P＜0.01 ;corneal dye scores:H=40.52,P＜0.01).The concentration of IL-17 in the supernatant of PBMCs in the SS patients,NSS patients and normal controls were (964.92±124.83)ng/L,(718.85± 115.89)ng/L and (341.95±85.08) ng/L,showing a statistically significant difference among them (F=162.95,P＜0.01).The levels of IL-17 in the tear were (440.69±126.09) ng/L,(364.33±126.85) ng/L and (61.16±11.60) ng/L in the SS group,NSS group and normal control group respectively,exhibiting an elevated level in the SS group and NSS group compared with the control group (F=75.27,P＜0.01).In addition,the levels of IL-22 in the supernatant of PBMCs in the SS patients,NSS patients and normal controls were (98.77± 11.27) ng/L,(79.65 ± 11.01) ng/L and (32.78±9.34) ng/L,and those in the tear were (22.22 ± 8.96) ng/L,(14.92 ±4.35) ng/L and (10.47 ± 2.67) ng/L,with significant differences among the three groups (F =206.27,P＜0.01 ;F =19.87,P＜0.01).The significant correlations were found between the IL-17 and IL-22 concentration in the supernatant of PBMCs and tear with corneal fluorescein staining scores and S Ⅰ t.Conclusions The contents of IL-17 and IL-22 in PBMCs and tear upregulate in the SS and NSS patients,indicating that Th17 plays a key role in the immunity mechanism of dry eye.

OBJECTIVETo verify the existence and significance of calcium/calmodulin dependent serine protein kinase/inhibitors of differentiation 1 (CASK/Id1) pathway in fibroblasts of human keloid.

METHODSImmunofluorescence laser was used to confirm CASK and Id1 protein expression and localization in fibroblasts of the keloid and normal skin. RT-PCR and Western-blot were adopted to analysis the CASK and Id1 expression and differences between keloid and normal skin fibroblasts. The natural combination of CASK and Id1 protein of keloid fibroblasts was tested by immunoprecipitation.

RESULTSCASK and Id1 protein expression were both found in fibroblast cells of keloid and normal skin under normal circumstances. Most of CASK and Id1 were distributed in the cytoplasm and nucleus of fibroblasts. The results of RT-PCR showed that the expression of CASK mRNA in the keloid group was 0.658 +/- 0.024, which was lower than that in the normal control group (1.076 +/- 0.008, t = 11.159, P < 0.05). The expression of Id1 mRNA was 0.497 +/- 0.014, which was higher than that in the normal control group (0.307 +/- 0.017, t = 15.148, P < 0.05). The results of Western-blot showed that the expression level for CASK protein in the keloid group was 0.057 +/- 0.006, which was lower than that in the normal control group (0.168 +/- 0.012, t = 13.524, P < 0.05); the expression of Id1 protein was 0.812 +/- 0.035, which was higher than that in the normal control group (0.368 +/- 0.031, t = 16.356, P < 0.05). The results of immunoprecipitation showed that Id1 could be detected in the CASK precipitate, while CASK also could be detected in the Id1 precipitate. There was a natural binding of CASK and Id1 in keloid fibroblasts.

CONCLUSIONCASK/Id1 signal pathway may be existed and involved in the proliferation of keloid fibroblasts, which is related with the occurrence of keloid.

Cell Proliferation ; genetics ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Fibroblasts ; metabolism ; Humans ; Inhibitor of Differentiation Protein 1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Keloid ; metabolism ; pathology ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction

Carcinoma ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; China ; Humans ; Male ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion ; genetics ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ets ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Serine Endopeptidases ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the anticancer effect in vitro and in vivo and mechanism of DHA compound.

METHODSCervical cancer cell line HeLa cells, glioma cell line U251 cells and mouse hepatoma H(22) tumor were used in this study. Transmission electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy were used to observe the morphological changes of cell apoptosis. Western blot was used to detect the expression of caspase-3. RT-PCR was used to determine the effect on Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA transcription in U251.

RESULTSAntitumor effect was observed in vivo and in vitro. Typical morphological changes were seen in cancer cells. The level of caspase-3 was significantly increased and the content of Bcl-2 mRNA was decreased significantly, while the content of Bax mRNA was significantly increased in the U251 cells after treatment with DHA compound.

CONCLUSIONDHA compound can inhibit the growth of some types of tumors and the increase of caspase-3 and Bax mRNA and decrease of Bcl-2 mRNA may be involved in its mechanism of action.

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Docosahexaenoic Acids ; pharmacology ; Glioma ; pathology ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To establish the data including anatomy and histology of main organs in Rongshui miniature pig (RMP).Methods F1 Rongshui miniature pigs with male and female (2 in each group) in 6 month old were used in this experiment.We measured body weights, dissected these pigs after anaesthesia, recorded total blood volume, total plasma volume, number of spine and dental formula, took main organs for photographs, and made histological sections observed and took photographs by microscope.Results We gained the photographs of main organs and histological sections, organ weights,organic coefficients and other basic data.Conclusion Basic anatomy and histology data of main organs in RMP were collected.

Aim To investigate the anti-proliferating effect of tetrandrine ( Tet ) on colon cancer cells and its possible molecular mechanism. Methods We intro-duced crystal violet staining and flow cytometry to ana-lyze the effect of Tet on proliferation in LoVo cells. Flow cytometry was used to detect the effect of Tet on apoptosis in LoVo cells. Western blot assay was taken to analyze the effect of Tet on the expression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 5 ( IGFBP5 ) . Final-ly, luciferase reporter assay, recombinant adenovirus mediated over-expression or silence of IGFBP5 were used to analyze the possible role of IGFBP5 in the anti-proliferating effect of Tet on colon cancer cells. Re-sults Crystal violet staining and flow cytometery anal-ysis results showed that Tet could exert an anti-prolifer-ating effect and induce apoptosis in LoVo cells. Tet de-creased the expression of IGFBP5 in a concentration-dependent manner. Tet inhibited the transcriptional ac-tivity of pTOP-luc reporter, which could be reversed by exogenous expression of IGFBP5 mostly. Similar results were found in the expression of c-Myc, but IGFPB5 knockdown couldn’ t reverse this effect. Conclusion Tet can inhibit the proliferation of colon cancer cells, and this effect may be mediated by down-regulating the expression of IGFBP5 to inhibit Wnt/β-catenin signa-ling transduction partly.

OBJECTIVETo describe the pathologic features and differential diagnosis of carcinoma showing thymus-like differentiation (CASTLE) of thyroid.

METHODSThe clinical findings, morphologic features and immunohistochemistry (EnVision) of 2 cases of CASTLE were studied.

RESULTSMacroscopically, the tumor appeared as a hard grayish-white and slightly lobulated mass. Histologic examination revealed well-circumscribed islands of tumor cells associated with desmoplastic stroma. The tumor cells were polygonal to spindle in shape and contained lightly eosinophilic cytoplasm, oval nuclei and small distinct nucleoli. The nuclear atypia was mild to moderate and the mitotic count measured 1 to 2 per 10 high-power fields. Immunohistochemical study showed that the tumor cells expressed CD5 and CD117.

CONCLUSIONSCASTLE is a rare type of thyroid carcinoma with distinctive morphologic findings. It needs to be distinguished from undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma, squamous cell thyroid carcinoma, metastatic lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma and follicular dendritic cell sarcoma. Immunohistochemical staining for CD5 and CD117 is helpful in confirming the diagnosis.

Adult ; Aged ; CD5 Antigens ; metabolism ; Carcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; pathology ; Cell Differentiation ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; metabolism ; Sarcoma ; pathology ; Thymoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Thymus Gland ; pathology ; Thymus Neoplasms ; pathology ; Thyroid Gland ; pathology ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVE: To assess the capacity for logistics, public education, and training in managing public health emergency in China at present. METHODS: Four provinces were selected using stratified sampling. All the municipalities of these 4 provinces were assessed using the 9th and 10th subscales (logistics, public education and training) of Preparedness and response capacity questionnaire for public health emergencies for provincial or municipal governments developed by the Center for Health Statistics and Information, Ministry of Health of China. RESULTS: Sixty of the 66 questionnaires (90.91%) were collected. Among the 60 investigated municipalities, 80% established a specific agency to take charge of emergency material storage, management and allocation, 65% developed standard for material storage, 35% developed standard of places for material storage, 25% built regulation for testing, maintaining, and updating the emergency materials regularly, 45% arranged budget for routine payment, 27% established standard of emergency fund, and 28% set up the procedure to initiate emergency fund. The average of standard score of subscale 9 was 43.33 (95% confidence interval, 35.65~51.01). 25% of the 60 municipalities conducted assessment for training in the past 2 years, 53% developed plan for emergency personnel training, 20% developed effectiveness assessment regulation of emergency personnel training, 80% assigned a specific agency to be responsible for public education, and 23% established regulation for public education. The average of standard score of subscale 10 was 47.43 (95% confidence interval, 40.69~54.17). CONCLUSION Serious problems are found in logistics, public education, and training for public health emergency management in China. Measures should be taken immediately by the central and local government to improve these capacities.
China ; Disaster Planning ; organization & administration ; Emergency Medical Services ; standards ; statistics & numerical data ; Equipment and Supplies, Hospital ; statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Public Health ; education ; Public Health Administration ; Surveys and Questionnaires

As the new type cornea ulcer renovation material, the biological amnion is to be implanted into the human body for a long time, a subchronic toxicity study in rats is made to evaluate its possibility of subchronic toxicity. The study is based on the requirements of "Biological Evaluation of Medical Devices, Part 11: Tests for systemic toxicity and Part 6: Tests for local effects after implantation". After the implantation of examples to be tested, animals were observed daily for mortality and 92 days later the possible subchronic toxicity was evaluated. And a necropsy was conducted and the selected organs were excised, weighed, and processed histologically. Body weights, organ weights, organ/body weight ratios, hematology values and clinical chemistry values were analyzed statistically. Results show that daily clinical observation, body weights, necropsy findings, organ weights and organ/body weight ratios were within acceptable limits in test and control treatment groups. There were no obvious changes in histopathology, hematology values or clinical chemistry values in either male or female rats and no notable differences between the biological amnion and the control amnion. This study proves that, the cornea ulcer renovation material, the biological amnion does not induce subchronic toxicity.
Amnion ; transplantation ; Animals ; Biological Products ; toxicity ; Corneal Ulcer ; surgery ; Female ; Male ; Materials Testing ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Toxicity Tests, Subchronic

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Hath1 gene transfer on the proliferation of colonic cancer cells in vitro.

METHODSThe recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1(+)-Hath1 was transfected into HT29 colonic cancer cells, and 3 positive cell clones were randomly selected to test the levels of Hath1 mRNA, Muc2 mRNA, Hath1, Muc2, cyclin D1 and p27 by quantitative real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting. The proliferation of the transfected HT29 cells was observed by means of colony formation assay and xenograft growth in nude mice.

RESULTSHath1 significantly down-regulated of cyclin D1 and up-regulate of p27 expressions and inhibited the proliferation of HT29 cells.

CONCLUSIONHath1 gene may be an anti-oncogene in colon carcinogenesis.

Animals ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Colonic Neoplasms ; pathology ; Cyclin D1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Gene Transfer Techniques ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Mucin-2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics