Objective To compare the changes of detrusor physiological properties between the models of detrusor instability caused by neurogenic, obstructive and idiopathic factors. Methods Eighty female SD rats were enrolled in our study, including 17 rats of idiopathic detrusor instability (IDI), 33 for bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) by partial ligation of bladder outflow tract, 20 spinal cord injury (SCI) by transection of spinal cord at L1-2, 10 as normal control. Six weeks after insult, the change of detrusor excitability, autorhythmicity and contractility were examined by means of cystometry and the in vitro detrusor strip study. Results The occurrence rate of detrusor instability in BOO rats, SCI rats and IDI rats was 75.9%, 100% and 21.3%. The rats in three DI groups increased more significantly in excitability, autorhythmicity and contractility than control rats (P0.05). Conclusion Different types of DI have similarity in the detrusor myogenic changes, while the increase in spontaneous excitability of detrusor strip seems to be more important than others factors in the mechanism of DI.

Objective: To understand the relationship between chloroquine resistance and the virulence of Plasmodium berghei. Met hods: Dynamic changes of histopathologic features of livers, spleens, brains, hearts, lungs and kidneys of mice infected with the chloroquine-sensitive (N) and the chloroquine-resistant (RC) strains of P. berghei were compared. Results: In mice infected with the N strain, deposition of heavy hemoz oin in livers and spleens, congestive edema in lungs, and congestion and embolis m in the brain capillaries were observed. The histopathologic features revealed ac ute inflammatory reaction. In mice infected with the RC strain, histopathologic variations of livers and spleens were associated with changes of parasitemia. In terstitial pneumonia was displayed in lungs. There were chronic histopathologic changes of the organs in the mice infected with RC strain. Conclusion: The mice infected by the N strain with potent virulence die due to adher ence of the erythrocytes to microvascular endothelia and embolism of the microva scula, especially in their brain. Immune responses of the mice infected by the R C strain with poor virulence may be a delayed-type hypersensitive inflammation a ssociated with CD4+Th1 at an early stage of the infection, but may become anti body-dependent immune response assisted with CD4+Th2, which play a key role in elimination of the malaria parasites at later stage of the infection.

The effects of subclinical epileptiform discharges (SEDs) on children with cerebral palsy cannot be ignored. Data from neurodevelopmental clinic studies showed that the overall incidence of SEDs in cerebral palsy was 18%～40%, with the highest in spastic hemiplegia and diplegia. The major pattern of SEDs was focal and multifocal, and was usually found in centro-temporal and parietal regions. The cortex impairment and other complications were risk factors related to SEDs in cerebral palsy. Paroxysmal or frequent long-time SEDs, with the Results of transient or chronic cognitive impairment, have been found to lead to subsequent death of cortical neurons of cerebral palsy patients thereby worsening their prognosis. Valproic acid (VPA), benzodiazepines (BZs) and lamotrigine (LTG) have a role in inhibiting SEDs, while adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and glucocorticoids have a great role in it.

OBJECTIVETo summarize clinical results of the microdecompression for the treatment of intraforaminal lumbar disc herniations.

METHODSFrom September 2005 to May 2013,16 patients( 12 males, 4 females)with intraforaminal lumbar disc herniations underwent microdecompression, ranging in age from 32 to 56 years old with a mean of 38.6 years old. The lumbar disc herniations were located at L(3,4). in one patient, L(4,5) in 10 cases and L5S1 in 5 cases.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 20 to 48 months, with a mean period of 36 months. According to Macnab evaluation, 12 cases got an excellent result, 4 good. No apparent complications related to the technique occurred. Satisfactory clinical results were obtained in this series.

CONCLUSIONMicrodecompression may be particularly useful in the treatment of intraforaminal lumbar disc herniations. The microdecompression procedures are more likely to be well tolerated by older patients.

Adult ; Decompression ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; surgery ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; Treatment Outcome

A series of novel sorafenib analogues were designed and synthesized. The cytotoxic activities of these compounds were tested in four tumor cell lines. Some of the compounds showed potent antiproliferative activity against the tested cell lines with IC50 = 4-20 micromol x L(-1). Some compounds demonstrated competitive antiproliferative activities to sorafenib against tested cancer cell lines. Among them, compound 7c demonstrated significant inhibitory activities on ACHN, HCT116 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines with IC50 values of 9.01, 4.97, 6.61 micromol x L(-1), respectively.
Antineoplastic Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Molecular Structure ; Niacinamide ; analogs & derivatives ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Phenylurea Compounds ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Structure-Activity Relationship

Objective To investigate molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella spp. isolates recovered from the stool samples of children with diarrhea. Methods Seventy-two isolates of Salmonella spp. were collected from children with diarrhea. The serum type of Salmonella spp.was determined by serology agglutinating method. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by K-B disk diffusion method and MICs of cefotaxime and ceftazidime were measured by agar dilution method for Salmonella spp. isolates. PCR and DNA sequencing were used for detecting ESBL, ISEcpl and AmpC genes; The transfer of cefotaxime resistance was determined by conjugation experiments. PFGE was performed for determining the homogeneity of the S. typhimurium isolates. Results A total of 72 isolates of Salmonella spp. were collected, among which S. typhimurium accounted for 86 % (62/72) and was the main serum type. S. typhimurium isolates and S. thompson isolates were often resistant to most of clinically used antimicrobial agents. Resistance of S. thompson isolates to ampicillin was the highest (90%, 56/62),followed by tetracycline (81%, 50/62), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (74%, 46/62) and chloramphenicol (66%, 41/62). Seventeen S. typhimurium isolates (27%, 17/62) and two S. thompson isolates were resistant to cefotaxime. Forty-nine S. typhimurium isolates and two S. thompson isolates were positive for blaTEB-1b and resistant to ampicillin. Thirteen ESBL-producing S. typhimurium isolates (21%, 13/62) were positive for blaCTX-M (eight for blaCTX-M-14, three for blaCTX-M-15, one for blaCTX-M-55, one for both blaCTX-M-14 and blaCTX-M-55). All isolates harboring blaCTX-M genes were positive for upstream insert sequence ISEcpl. blaDHA-1was detected in a cefoxitin-resistant S. thompson isolate. Two main clones (PFGE type A and D) accounting for 19% (12/62) and 50% (31/62) respectively were found among 62 S. typhimurium isolates. Seven CTXM-producing isolates belonged to PFGE type D. Conclusions The multi-resistance to antimicrobial agents and high prevalence of blaCTX-M genes are found among S. typhimurium and S. thompson clinical isolates. blaCTX-M-55 is first found in S. typhimurium isolates and blaDHA-1 is found in S. thompson isolates. Clonal spread is responsible for the dissemination of S. typhimurium isolates.

Objective To study the changes of Neuroendocrine immunology sensitive indicators in children with Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease (HFMD) and values of determining the patient′s conditions. Methods The children with HFMD were divided into three groups , the common group , severe group and risk group according to the clinical diagnosis and classification standards, meanwhile, the healthy children were enrolled as control group. Peripheral blood samples were collected from the case groups and control group , concentrations of cortisol (COR), β-endorphin (β-EP), interleukin-13 (IL-13), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA, and IgM), and the relative contents of T cell subsets, B cells and NK cells were tested respectively. Results Compared with the control group, the levels of COR, β-EP, IL-13, IFN-γ and IgG, IgA, IgM all significantly increased in the three groups of HFMD. All the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.01), except the difference of IgG, and IgA between the ordinary type and the control group. Compared with the common group, the percentage of NK and B cells dramatically increased, meanwhile, compared the other two types with the control group , the percentage of T cell subsets and NK cells significantly decreased , but B cells significantly increased, and there were all significant difference (P < 0.01). Conclusions HFMD caused by EV71 infection is the result of the combined effect of changes in nervous system , immune system and endocrine system. It is extremely important to detect early the sensitive indicators in children with HFMD , such may help to find the risk cases and carry on early intervention for patients′ recovery.

Objective To investigate the effect of ropiyacaine combined with intra-spinal epidural anesthesia by using the same volume but different injection speed on anaesthetic level.Methods 80 cases of patients of ASA～Ⅱdegree suitable to use intra-spinal epidural combined anesthesia for gynecologic operation were selected and ran- domly divided into three groups,0.75 % ropivacaine 2mg(15mg)administered,group A the speed of injection was 10 seconds,group B injection speed was 20 seconds,group C injection speed was 30 seconds,the anaesthetic level reached T_(10).The time of highest level in spinal anesthesia,30 minutes after spinal anesthesia MAP,and number of cases need to add epidural drug were all recorded.Results The best effect of anesthesia was found in group B,the block level of anesthesia was satisfactory,blood dynamic was stable,and there was no need to add epidural drug.Conclusion The speed of 0.75 % ropivacaine 2ml spinal epidural combined with anesthesia was suitable at the speed of 20 seconds.

Objective To observe the degradation time and the intimal hyperplasia of biodegradable magnesium alloy stent (MPM) implanted in the abdominal aorta of experimental rabbits.Methods A total of 24 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into four groups (30 d,60 d,90 d and 180 d) with 6 rabbits in each group.In cach rabbit one MPM stent was implanted in the abdominal aorta at the level of one cm below the left renal artery.Reexamination of abdominal aortography with DSA was separately performed at 30,60,90 and 180 d after stent implantation to check the stent condition.The rabbits of each group were sacrificed at the corresponding scheduled day,the stenting segment of aorta of each rabbit was removed and the specimen was sent for microscopic examination.The experimental results were analyzed with SPSS20.0 software.Results All the 24 experimental rabbits survived.During the follow-up period the stent showed gradual degradation changes,and basically complete degradation was not observed until to 180 days.Meanwhile,the intimal hyperplasia reached its peak at 90 days after implantation.The abdominal aorta remained unobstructed during the whole process of degradation.Conclusion The time of complete degradation for MPM stent is 182 days,which is long enough to meet the needs of vascular positive remodeling.