Objective To study the hepatotoxicity of cyclosporine-A, tacrolimus and other immunosuppressive drugs in patients with renal transplantation. Methods In 346 cases undergone renal transplantation, ALT, AST, BILT and BILD levels of venous blood 1-90 days after operation, and treatment methods and outcome were reviewed, in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment of hepatotoxicity. Results In CsA group, the occurrence rate of liver dysfunction was 26.9%, in whom ALT, AST and BILD increased apparently (P0.05). In MMF and MRZ group, the incidence of liver dysfunction was almost the same. In 18 cases the drug was changed into FK506, ALT, AST, BILT and BILD all apparently decreased 1 week later (P

OBJECTIVETo explore the factors associated with early diagnosis of gastric cancer.

METHODSClinical data were retrospectively analyzed for 250 patients with early-stage gastric cancer (EGC) from 2005 to 2008, during which the concept of intra-epithelial neoplasia (IN) was adopted in our department.

RESULTSOn preoperative endoscopic biopsy with pathological exam, there were 15 cases suspicious for cancer, 90 with high-grade IN (HGIN), and 15 gastric cancer. Postoperative pathological exam of the surgical specimen showed infiltrating early-stage cancer in 224 patients, of which 5 (2.2%) were type I (all were Tsm), 190 (84.8%) were type II including Tm in 82 and Tsm in 108 patients, 29 were type III (5 Tm and 24 Tsm). Twenty-six patients had non-infiltrating lesions (Tis). There were 184 (73.6%) well-differentiated tumors, including 26 Tis, 58 Tm, and 100 Tsm. Lymphatic metastasis was identified in 21 patients, of which 2 (2.3%) were Tm (all were poorly-differentiated) and 19 (13.9%) were Tsm. Lymphadenopathy was present in 15 (7.9%) cases in type II, and in 6 (20.7%) in type III. Of the 90 cases with a preoperative diagnosis of HGIN, 24 were found to be Tis, 29 were Tm, and 37 were Tsm on postoperative pathological assessment.

CONCLUSIONSWell-differentiation is the main histological type in EGC. The adoption of the concept of IN is associated with improved detection of EGC, which warrants further investigation.

Carcinoma in Situ ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo determine whether the GABA-containing neurons in rat central nucleus of amygdala (CeA) can be activated by acute sodium deprivation.

METHODSAcute sodium depletion was induced by subcutaneous injection of furosemide in rats followed by 24 h of dietary sodium deprivation. The rats underwent 0.3 mol/L NaCl/distilled water two bottle choice test, and the activated neurons were labeled and identified with GABA/Fos-double labeling immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSThe rats with acute sodium depletion exhibited significantly more numerous c-fos-positive neurons and GABA/Fos double-labeled neurons in the CeA than the control group (P<0.01, P<0.05). Consumption of 0.3 mol/L NaCl significantly increased the number of c-fos and GABA/Fos double labeled neurons compared to the distilled water group (P<0.001, P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONGABAergic neurons in the CeA may play an inhibitory role in the regulation of sodium intake in rats with acute sodium depletion.

Amygdala ; cytology ; metabolism ; Animals ; GABAergic Neurons ; metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sodium Chloride, Dietary ; metabolism ; Sodium, Dietary

Osteogenesis imperfecta is a group of inherited connective-tissue disorders in which synthesis or structure of type I collagen is defective and causes osseous fragility. Type IV osteogenesis imperfecta is dominant inheritance. Here, we report a case of type IV osteogenesis imperfecta family and their female member's pregnancy. Abnormal sonographic findings (marked bowing and shortening of long bones) and family history made the diagnosis of fetus with osteogenesis imperfecta. The parents decided to give up rescuing the infant and a caesarean section at 27 weeks of gestation was implemented. In conclusion, it is possible to make a prenatal diagnosis of osteogenesis imperfecta by ultrasound. For the pregnant women with osteogenesis imperfecta, management decision should be made on an individual basis.
Adult ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Osteogenesis Imperfecta ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications ; Ultrasonography

Objective : To evaluate the immune effects of inactivated H7N9 influenza vaccine. Methods : We searched several common databases（The Cochrane Library,PubMed,China Biology Medicine disc,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,etc.）for research articles about immune effects of H7N9 influenza vaccine published from the time the database built to July 10th of 2018,using H7N9 and vaccine as keywords. After screening the articles according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,we assessed the quality of the studies and then employed seroconversion rate（SCR）as an outcome indicator to analyze the immune effects of different doses and adjuvants. Results : We recruited 5 articles on inactivated H7N9 influenza vaccine from 1 679 articles. The sample size was 2 579. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the rate difference（RD）values of SCR in each dose group after the first dose ranged from 1% to 10%,which indicated a poor protective effect;after the second dose of immunization,the RD values of SCR in the vaccines without adjuvants ranged from 13% to 19%,which was not effective enough;the RD values of SCR in the vaccines with adjuvants ranged from 62% to 69%,which met the licensing criteria for influenza vaccine;better results could be achieved when immunized with two doses of vaccines with adjuvants（ RR=1.19,95%CI：1.02-1.39）;vaccines with AS03 or MF59 at the lowest dose of 3.75 μg had the same immune effects as ones at a dose of 15 μg;vaccines with AS03（RD=89%,95%CI：85%-93%）were superior to those with MF59（RD=42%,95%CI：9%- 75%）. Conclusion Inactivated H7N9 influenza vaccines could achieve good immune effects when inoculated two doses with adjuvants,and the minimum effective dose was 3.75 μg.

Osteogenesis imperfecta is a group of inherited connective-tissue disorders in which synthesis or structure of type Ⅰ collagen is defective and causes osseous fragility.Type Ⅳ osteogenesis imperfecta is dominant inheritance.Here,we report a case of type Ⅳ osteogenesis imperfecta family and their female member's pregnancy.Abnormal sonographic findings (marked bowing and shortening of long bones) and family history made the diagnosis of fetus with osteogenesis imperfecta.The parents decided to give up rescuing the infant and a caesarean section at 27 weeks of gestation was implemented.n conclusion,it is possible to make a prenatal diagnosis of osteogenesis imperfecta by ultrasound.For the pregnant women with osteogenesis imperfecta,management decision should be made on an individual basis.

AIMTo study the effect of propylene glycol mannate sulfate (PGMS) on blood lipids and lipoprotein lipase in hyperlipidemic rat, and its anti-hyperlipidemic mechanism.

METHODSPGMS was administered ig at different doses (37.8 mg.kg-1.d-1 and 75.6 mg.kg-1.d-1) to hyperlipidemic rats for three weeks and blood serum was obtained after starved 12 h. Total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were examined. The mRNA expression of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in liver, spleen and artery was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTSPGMS significantly decreased the levels of TC, TG and LDL-C and increased that of HDL-C in hyperlipidemic serum dose-dependently. PGMS was shown to increase the level of LPL mRNA expression, which is related directly to the controlling effects of PGMS on blood lipids.

CONCLUSIONPGMS modulated blood lipids by promoting mRNA expression of LPL. This may be one important mechanism of PGMS to modulate blood lipids.

Animals ; Cholesterol, HDL ; blood ; Disease Models, Animal ; Hyperlipidemias ; blood ; drug therapy ; enzymology ; Lipoprotein Lipase ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Male ; Propylene Glycols ; therapeutic use ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Triglycerides ; blood

AIMTo study the effect of propylene glycol mannate sulfate (PGMS) on induction of CuZn-SOD.

METHODSWistar rats were given PGMS p.o. at different doses (0, 18.9, 37.8 and 75.6 mg.kg-1.d) for ten days. Then the rats were sacrificed and the total RNA was extracted from the livers. The total RNA samples were loaded on a 1% agarose gel to detect the quality of total RNA. RT-PCR was applied to study the expression of CuZn-SOD mRNA in rat livers. The amplified products were detected by the 1.5% agarose gel electrophoresis. Simultaneously, the CuZn-SOD activities in rat liver were determined by nitrite method.

RESULTSThe total RNA extracted from rat livers was integrated without being decomposed by RNase. The level of CuZn-SOD mRNA of the high-dosage group (75.6 mg.kg-1.d) was higher than that of the control group (0 mg.kg-1.d) (P < 0.01); the CuZn-SOD activities of the high-dosage group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.001) and the CuZn-SOD activities of the middle- (37.8 mg.kg-1.d) and low-dosage groups (18.9 mg.kg-1.d) were higher than those of the control group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONPGMS can increase the CuZn-SOD activities as well as CuZn-SOD on mRNA level. Therefore, it is possible for PGMS to counteract Atherosclerosis (AS) by inducing the expression of CuZn-SOD.

Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Free Radical Scavengers ; pharmacology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Liver ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Propylene Glycols ; pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; drug effects ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Superoxide Dismutase ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective There is still no specific immuno-therapy to acute respiratory distress syndrome induced by severe trau-ma.The article aimed to investigate the effect of MCC 950 on lung in-jury induced by mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns ( MTDs) and preliminarily evaluate its molecular mechanism . Methods 40 SD rats were randomly devided into control group , MTDs group, MCC950 group, MTDs+MCC950 group.The rats were were taken MCC950 (20mg/kg) by peritoneal injection pretreatment for 1 hour, followed by tail vein injection of MTDs (5%liver vol-ume) and were killed 12 hours later.ELISA were applied to detect tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-1β( IL-1β) and IL-18 in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid ( BALF) , and BCA method to assess the content of total protein .Lung tissues were weighed to calculate lung wet weight/body weight( LWW/BW) ratio, and stained by HE staining to observe the pathological changes through light micro -scope.Smith lung injury score was used to assess histological lung injury .Western blot was employed to evaluate the protein expression of Pro-Caspase-1 and Caspase-1. Results ①Compared with control group , TNF-α, IL-1βand IL-18 in BALF of MTDs group were significantly increased( all P<0.05), but not in MCC950 group(P>0.05), TNF-αin BALF of MTDs +MCC950 group were signifi-cantly increased( all P<0.05), IL-1βand IL-18 were not(all P>0.05).Compared with MTDs group, IL-1βand IL-18 in BALF of MTDs +MCC950 group were in serious decline (all P<0.05).Compared with control group, the LWW/BW ratio [(4.19±0.36)mg/g vs (6.32±0.54)mg/g, P<0.05] and the content of total protein [(0.12±0.03)g/L vs (0.79±0.07)g/L, P<0.05] were dramatically increased.Compared with MTDs group, the LWW/BW ratio [(4.35±0.29)mg/g, (4.47±0.0.46)mg/g, P<0.05] and the content of total protein [(0.12±0.06)g/L, (0.15±0.06)g/L, P<0.05] were in serious decline.Smith lung injury score revealed that compared with control group the score of MTDs group was elevated (1.00±0.00 vs 8.33±0.58, P<0.05), and the score of MTDs+MCC950 group was significantly decreased than MTDs group ( 8.33±0.58 vs 3.67±0.58, P<0.05) .Compared with control group , the protein expres-sion of Pro-caspase-1 and caspase-1 were markedly improved (all P<0.05).However, the expression of caspase-1 was significantly milder than that in MTDs group ( P<0.05), the protein expression of Pro-caspase-1 was comparable ( P>0.05). Conclusion MCC950 exerts protective effect against lung injury induced by MTDs probably via the inhibition of NLRP 3 inflammasome activation .

OBJECTIVETo explore clinical effect of minimally corrective osteotomy for the treatment of hallux valgus with deformity of little toe varus through small incision.

METHODSFrom January 2013 to June 2016, 168 hallux valgus patients with deformity of little toe varus were treated by minimally corrective osteotomy through small incision. Among them, 7 males and 161 females were aged from 22 to 75 years old with an average of(59.3±3.5) years old. Preoperative clinical manifestation mainly focus on red and swollen of bunion, pain around with metatarsal bones, and diagnosed as hallux valgus with deformity of little toe varus through small incision. Operative time, postoperative complications, pre and post-operative IMA(angle between the first and the second metatarsal bones), HVA (hallux valgus angle), LDA(valgus angle of the fifth metatarsal bones), MPA(valgus angle of little toe), IM4-5 (angle between the forth and the fifth metatarsal bones) and PASA(fixed angle of proximal joint), postoperative AOFAS score were used to evaluate foot function.

RESULTSOne hundred and sixty-eight patients were followed up for 6 to 48 months with an average of (28.6±3.2) months. All wounds were healed well without infection, sinus tract and other complications. Operative time ranged from 16 to 28 min with an average of (18.3±2.1) min. IMA, HVA, LDA, MPA and IM A 4-5 were (10.1±2.1)°, (32.6±4.2)°, (6.9±2.3)°, (18.5±5.2)°, (15.1±2.9)°preoperatively, improved to (8.3±2.2)°, (10.9±2.9)°, (2.7±0.4)°, (6.5±1.6)°, (8.9±1.8)° postoperatively, and had significant differences before and after operation. While there was no difference in PASA before (9.1±2.1)°and after operation(8.7±1.9)°. AOFAS score were improved from (31.6±3.9) before operation to(83.7±5.2) after operation, but no significant difference(>0.05). According to AOFAS score, 147 patients obtained excellent results, 13 good, 6 moderate and 2 poor.

CONCLUSIONSMinimally corrective osteotomy for the treatment of hallux valgus with deformity of little toe varus through small incision could obtain satisfied clinical effect, and has advantages of small incision, no stitches, beautiful appearance, shorter operation time, and rapid recovery. It is worth popularization in clinical practise.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Hallux Valgus ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Metatarsal Bones ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; Osteotomy ; methods ; Postoperative Period ; Radiography ; Toes ; pathology ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult