OBJECTIVEThe experiments were conducted to study specialty of seed germinating, plant growing and developing and cultural practices of A. edgeworthii.

METHODThe germinating and sowing test, growth habitants, photosensitive reaction of seedling from subterraneous seeds and above ground seeds on A. edgeworthii were studied in this experiment.

RESULT AND CONCLUSIONThe results indicated that (1) The water could not be absorbed by seed from plant above ground; (2) The underground and above ground seeds could normally germinate, grow, blossom and bear fruits, A. edgeworthii sowed in early May, blossomed in early September and matured in the last ten days of October; (3) The seed leaf of seedling grew underground; (4) The underground seed was produced from subterraneous branch stem which developed from node of seed leaf; (5) A. edgeworthii was shade demanding, high-temperature sensible short-day light plant. The flowering could be greatly advantaged by short-day light treatment (12, 10, 8, 6 h). Cultural practices were studied also in this experiment.

Fabaceae ; growth & development ; Plants, Medicinal ; growth & development ; Seedlings ; growth & development ; Seeds ; growth & development ; Sunlight

AIMTo study the chemical constituents of Selaginella tamariscina (Beauv.) Spring.

METHODSVarious chromatographic techniques were used to separate and purify the chemical constituents. Their physico-chemical properties and spectral data were used to elucidate the structures.

RESULTSFour compounds were isolated from the n-BuOH fraction of the water-extracts. Their structures were identified as 1-hydroxy-2-[2-hydroxy-3-methoxy-5-(1-hydroxyethyl)-phenyl]-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy)-propane-1-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (tamariscinoside B, I), adenosine (II), guanosine (III), arbutin (IV).

CONCLUSIONTamariscinoside B (I) is a new compound, while the others were isolated from Selaginella for the first time.

Adenosine ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Arbutin ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Guanosine ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Conformation ; Molecular Structure ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Selaginellaceae ; chemistry

AIMTo study the chemical constituents of Selaginella tamariscina (Beauv.) Spring.

METHODSThe compounds were isolated and purified by macroporous adsorption resin, Sephadex LH-20 and silica gel column chromatography and identified on the basis of their physicochemical and spectral data.

RESULTSFour compounds were obtained from the n-BuOH fraction of 70% acetone extracts. Their structures were elucidated as (7S, 8R)-7, 8-dihydro-7-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-8-hydroxymethyl-[1'-( 7'-hydroxyethyl)-5' methoxyl] benzofuran-4-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (tamariscinoside C, I), D-mannitol (II), tyrosine (II), shikimic acid (IV).

CONCLUSIONCompound I is a new compound, compounds II and III were obtained from the genius for the first time, compound IV was yielded from the plant for the first time.

Benzofurans ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Mannitol ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Conformation ; Molecular Structure ; Monosaccharides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Selaginellaceae ; chemistry ; Shikimic Acid ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Tyrosine ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

This article aims to analyze LI Fei's academic thinking and experience in treating facial paralysis.LI Fei proposes that the diagnosis and treatment of facial paralysis should follow the principle of"identify the cause of the disease when it is occured at first time,followed by exploring the pathogenesis of the disease,then differentiating the syndrome and treating the disease,and recognizing the syndrome and treating the disease",and that the basic treatment principle should be"dispelling wind and unblocking the collaterals,regulating the tendons and meridians".In clinical treatment,"put emphasis on anatomy,treat the disease according to symptoms"is the basic policy;meanwhile,integrating Chinese and western theories,combining the anatomical structure of the expression muscle,dynamically judging the recovery of nerves and muscles,and selecting the corresponding empirical acupoints according to the symptoms.LI Fei emphasizes the integration of theories and summarizes the"triple"methods of differentiation by reasoning,staging and symptoms,and the"triple"theory of treatment by regulating menstruation,tendon and spirit,which is worthy of reference in the clinic.

BACKGROUNDSynovium-derived stem cells (SDSCs) with higher chondrogenic potential are attracting considerable attention as a cell source for cartilage regeneration. We investigated the effect of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) on transforming growth factor beta3 (TGF-β3)-induced chondrogenesis of SDSCs isolated from human osteoarthritic synovium in a pellet culture system.

METHODSThe clonogenicity, stem cell marker expression and multi-differentiation potential of isolated SDSCs were determined by colony forming unit assay, flow cytometry and specific staining including alizarin red S, Oil red O and alcian blue staining, respectively. SDSCs pellet was cultured in chondrogenic medium with or without TGF-β3 or/and BMP-2. At day 21, the diameter and the weight of the pellets were measured. Chondrogenic differentiation of SDSCs was evaluated by Safranin O staining, immunohistochemical staining of collagen type II, sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) synthesis and mRNA expression of collagen type II, aggrecan, SOX9, link-protein, collagen type X and BMP receptor II.

RESULTSCells isolated under the optimized culturing density (10(4)/60 cm(2)) showed clonogenicity and multi-differentiation potential. These cells were positive (> 99%) for CD44, CD90, CD105 and negative (< 10%) for CD34 and CD71. SDSCs differentiated to a chondrocytic phenotype in chondrogenic medium containing TGF-β3 with or without BMP-2. Safranin O staining of the extracellular matrix was positive and the expression of collagen type II was detected. Cell pellets treated with TGF-β3 and BMP-2 were larger in diameter and weight, produced more sGAGs, and expressed higher levels of collagen type II and other chondrogenic markers, except COL10A1, than medium with TGF-β3 alone.

CONCLUSIONSSDSCs could be isolated from human osteoarthritic synovium. Supplementation with BMP-2 significantly promoted the in vitro TGF-β3-induced chondrogenic differentiation of SDSCs.

Aged ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ; pharmacology ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Chondrogenesis ; drug effects ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; Middle Aged ; Synovial Membrane ; cytology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta3 ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo study the correlation of the expressions of CD82 and hTERT and HPV infection with the clinical pathological features of penile cancer and identify their prognostic significance in the lymphatic metastasis of the disease.

METHODSA total of 44 patients underwent partial or radical penectomy and lymph node dissection. The expressions of CD82 and hTERT were determined by immunohistochemistry, and HPV infection was detected by PCR.

RESULTSThe positive rates of CD82, hTERT, and HPV DNA in penile carcinoma were 47.7%, 38.6% and 25.9%, respectively. The amplified HPV DNA was HPV-16. The pathological stage and hTERT expression were positively correlated with inguinal lymph node metastasis of penile cancer (P = 0.032, P = 0.041), and so was the pathological stage with the expression of CD82 (P = 0.045), but neither the pathological stage, nor the expression of CD82 or the positive rate of HPV DNA showed any correlation with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.627, P = 0.094, P = 0.633).

CONCLUSIONThe pathological grade and hTERT expression are independent prognostic factors for lymph node metastasis in penile carcinoma. These features help the prognosis and identification of the patient at the risk of nodal metastasis.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; virology ; Humans ; Kangai-1 Protein ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Papillomaviridae ; Papillomavirus Infections ; metabolism ; Penile Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; virology ; Telomerase ; metabolism