Objective: To study the chemical constituents from the fruits of Solanum virginianum. Methods: By means of preparative HPTLC and column chromatography over silica gel and Sephadex LH-20, compounds were isolated and purified. Their structures were elucidated by physico-chemical properties and spectral analyses. Results: Twelve compounds were obtained and identified as: 5-hydroxy-8-methoxy-6,7-methylenedioxyflavone (1), 7-hydroxy-6-methoxy coumarin (2), fraxetin (3), 5-hydroxy- 6,7,3',4'-tetramethoxyflavone (4), 5-hydroxy-4',6,7-trimethoxyflavone (5), dihydro-N-feruloyltyramine (6), N-trans-coumaroyltyramine (7), 5,3'-dihydroxy-6,7,4'-tritermethoxyflavone (8), N-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-hydroxyethyl]-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-prop-2-enamide (9), N-trans-coumaroyloctopamine (10), 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-6-methoxyflavone (11), and 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone (12). Conclusion: Compound 1 is a new flavonoid, named as solacarpumon, and compounds 2-12 are isolated from Solanum virginianum for the first time.

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical efficacy of Gandouling decoction combined with neuromuscular electrical stimulation （NMES） in the treatment of dysphagia in Wilson disease （WD） with combined phlegm and stasis. MethodsA total of 80 WD patients with dysphagia due to combined phlegm and stasis treated in the Department of Encephalopathy， the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine were randomized into a control group and an observation group， with 40 patients in each group. In addition， 40 healthy volunteers were recruited as the normal group. The control group was treated with basic copper drainage combined with NMES. The observation group was treated with Gandouling Decoction on the basis of the therapy in the control group. Each course of treatment lasted for 8 days， and the patients were treated for a total of 4 courses. All subjects underwent video fluoroscopic swallowing study （VFSS） before and after treatment. During the examination， contrast agents with 4 different characters were used for the swallowing action， and the passing time was recorded. The TCM syndrome score， water swallow test score， standard swallowing assessment （SSA） score， and 24-h urinary copper level before and after treatment were analyzed. ResultsWhen performing VFSS， the passing time of contrast agents of different characters in the oral stage was longer in the WD group than in the normal group （P<0.01）， while it had no significant difference in the pharyngeal stage. After treatment， the passing time in the oral stage shortened in the control and observation groups （P<0.01）， and the observation group outperformed the control group （P<0.01）. After treatment， both the control and observation groups showed declines in TCM syndrome score and SSA score （P<0.01） and an increase in water swallow test score （P<0.01）， and the changes were more obvious in the observation group than in the control group （P<0.01）. In addition， the treatment in the control and observation groups elevated the 24-h urinary copper level （P<0.01）， and the elevation in the observation group was more obvious than that in the control group （P<0.01）. Neither group showed obvious adverse reaction. ConclusionGandouling decoction combined with NMES can significantly ameliorate dysphagia in WD patients with the syndrome of combined phlegm and stasis regarding the TCM syndrome score， water swallow test score， and SSA score， demonstrating definite clinical efficacy and high safety.