OBJECTIVETo study the phylogeny relationship and molecular identification of 10 species from Huperzia (Huperziaceae) based on matK gene sequences data.

METHODTotal DNA of nine species from Huperzia was extracted; matK gene sequence was amplified by PCR. PCR product was directly sequenced after purification.

RESULTThe chloroplast matK gene nucleotide sequences from 9 species of Huperzia species were sequenced. The matK gene nucleotide sequences length was 1 589 bp. Analysis with Huperzia lucidula matK gene nucleotide sequences (download from GenBank) and taking Lycopodiella cernua as outgroup, Maximum Parsimony, Neighbor-Joining analyses and genetic distances were conducted using MEGA 3.1 software. 35 variable sites and 35 parsimony informative sites have been found. Pairwise genetic distances among 10 species of Huperzia was 1.59% - 0.25%.

CONCLUSIONThe results were consistent with the taxonomy in morphological of Huperzia. But H. longipetiolata and H. serrata were resolved into in different clade. There are 19 different sites of matK gene sequences between H. longipetiolata and H. serrata, the genetic distances is 0.121%. It is suggested H. longipetiolata should be as an independent species.

DNA, Chloroplast ; genetics ; DNA, Plant ; chemistry ; genetics ; Endoribonucleases ; genetics ; Huperzia ; classification ; enzymology ; genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleotidyltransferases ; genetics ; Phylogeny ; Plant Proteins ; genetics ; Plants, Medicinal ; classification ; enzymology ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Species Specificity

OBJECTIVE: To create an instrument to determine the mental disorder offenders' competency to stand trial, which is according with the Chinese legal system. METHODS: Integrating the foreign instruments and the Chinese criminal jurisprudence, and combing the authors' forensic psychiatric experience, the research team created an instrument which was called Competency to stand trial Determining Instrument firstly, then used the instrument in practice, in the end the validity and reliability of the instrument were inspected, and through an diagnostic test, the feasibility of the instrument was evaluated. RESULTS: Split-half and homogeneity reliability of the instrument is 0.9366 and 0.9213 respectively, the correspondence of the conclusion between the instrument and the expertise is 0.704. Except the sensitivity is 0.6097, all the other diagnostic index are over 0.80. CONCLUSION The Competency to stand trial Determining Instrument is feasible.
Expert Testimony ; Forensic Psychiatry/methods* ; Humans ; Mental Competency/standards* ; Mental Disorders/psychology* ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ; Reproducibility of Results ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Objective To investigate the effect of the laparotomy and laparoscopic surgery on the stress parameters and complication of patients with gastric cancer. Methods A total of 96 patients diagnosed as gastric cancer and treated by surgery in our hospital from January 2015 to January 2017 were divided into open operation group and laparoscopy group according to the operation method,48 cases in each group. Compared the operation time,bleeding volume,dissected lymph node number,postoperative hospitalization duration and anus exhausting time and complications in 6 months after surgery. The levels of WBC,CRP,TNF-α, IL-6 in serum before and after operation were detected by enzyme - linked immuno sorbent assay and compared. Results Compared with the open operation group, the bleeding volume,postoperative hospitalization duration and anus exhausting time of laparoscopy group were better with less dissected lymph node number and longer operation time, the differences were extremely significant(P ＜ 0. 01); the WBC,CRP,TNF-α, IL-6 levels of laparoscopy group at 1 day after the operation were lower than those of open operation group(P ＜ 0. 05). The incidence of complication of laparoscopy group was 22. 8％, which was less than 54. 7％ of control group, the difference was significant(P ＜ 0. 05). Conclusion Compared with the traditional open operation, laparoscopic radical gastrectomy can shorten the hospital stays and reduce the intraoperative blood loss, the stress response and complication rate after operation.

OBJECTIVE: To study the intelligence of criminals with no psychosis diagnosed with forensic psychiatry. METHODS: The intelligence test results in 88 criminal cases with no psychosis and in 89 criminal cases with schizophrenia were compared. RESULTS: There were no significant statistical differences between two groups with respect to their sex, age, education, occupation, marital status, and criminal type. The average intelligence quotient (IQ) of no psychosis group was significantly higher than that of the schizophrenic group, but was significantly lower than the normal. There was no significant statistical difference between the subgroups claiming as either suffering or denying psychosis. CONCLUSION There is a mild impairment in the intelligence in no psychosis group.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Analysis of Variance ; Crime ; Expert Testimony ; Female ; Forensic Psychiatry/methods* ; Humans ; Intelligence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Schizophrenia ; Schizophrenic Psychology ; Wechsler Scales ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To explore diagnosis and management of "unspecified psychotic disorder" in determination of criminal responsibility. METHODS: Analysis of 12 cases of "unspecified psychotic disorder" during determination of criminal responsibility in Sichuan Forensic Expertise Center in Southwest China from January 2006 to July 2007. RESULTS: The main reason to diagnose unspecified psychotic disorder was there were insufficient information and findings . Descriptions of mental abnormalities were not complete and were atypical (83.3%). Even if "unspecified psychotic disorder" was diagnosed, it was still possible to determine criminal responsibility by its motivation and intention to escape. 75% suspects were determined to bear limited criminal responsibility and 25% were not criminally responsible. CONCLUSION The unspecified psychotic disorder is a provisional diagnosis. It should be used cautiously in the course of jurisdictional identification of mental diseases.
Adult ; Criminals ; Female ; Forensic Psychiatry ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Psychotic Disorders/diagnosis* ; Social Responsibility ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo identify a rare α-thalassemia gene mutation in a family from south China and perform a pedigree analysis and genetic diagnosis of hemoglobin H (HbH) disease caused by this mutation.

METHODSPeripheral blood samples were collected from the family members for analysis of the hematological phenotype and routine test of thalassemia genes. DNA sequencing was carried out for samples that showed genotype and phenotype inconsistency.

RESULTSA rare α-thalassemia *92A>G gene mutation was detected within this family. The proband and his sister were confirmed to have non-deletional HbH disease with α--/αα genotype. The proband's brother was confirmed to have an α-thalassemia trait with the genotype of -α/αα. The proband's father was identified as an α-thalassemia silent carrier with the genotype of αα/αα.

CONCLUSIONA rare α-thalassemia *92A>G gene mutation was identified for first time in south China. The description of the basic phenotypic characteristics of α-thalassemia trait and silent carrier caused by this mutation enriches the α-thalassemia gene mutation spectrum in Chinese population and helps in population screening, clinical molecular diagnosis and genetic counseling.

OBJECTIVETo establish a routine procedure for the detection of p53 mutations in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surgical resections using the FASAY (functional analysis of separated alleles of p53 on yeast) procedure.

METHODSp53 status was analyzed by FASAY and cDNA sequencing in 50 cases of HCC. After the extraction of RNA from the frozen tumor and corresponding normal tissues, reverse transcription RT-PCR was carried out using these samples. The assay can detect mutations of p53 mRNA between codons 67 and 347 by the DNA-binding activity of the protein and reveal them as red colonies.

RESULTSOf the 50 specimens, 29 (58%) were positive (mutant) by FASAY. Sequencing analysis confirmed that all 29 FASAY positive tumors harbored mutations, and that no mutations were detectable in any FASAY negative tumors. In 29 p53 mutations, 22 mutations were point missense mutation, 5 were deletions and 2 were splicing mutations. A novel splice mutation on splice donor of intron 6 was reported, which could produce two different mRNAs, respectively using the nearest upstream and downstream recessive splice donor sites.

CONCLUSIONFASAY is a sensitive method for detecting the various types of p53 mutations in HCC, suggesting that the yeast functional assay for the detection of p53 mutations may be essential for elucidating their clinical significance.

Alternative Splicing ; genetics ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; genetics ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; methods ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Testing ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; Mutation ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; genetics

OBJECTIVE: To study different viewpoints to the conclusion and treatment, And the following up factors concerning social effect after the judgment of forensic psychiatry. METHODS: By letters, calls, visits and by investigation forms made by myself, 208 testimonied cases were followed up separately from judicial organ or other organizations and institutes, individuals testimonied or their family members, victims and their family members. RESULTS: Most testimonied individuals were married man of 30 years old or so whose average education were 4.84 years and testimonied by the public security organs. In criminal cases, violental criminals (129 cases, 83.77%) were much more than non-violental criminals (25 cases, 16.23%) and homicide criminals (44 cases, 28.57%) were most common in the former but civil cases were few. The rate of retstinvony was 2.93%. The testimonied individuals and their family members thought the condemn were appropriate (76.47%) for the people without criminal capacity and thought the condemn were appropriate (41.94%) or not appropriate (41.94%) for the people with criminal capacity. The opinions of the condemn for partial criminal capacity were between the former two cases. And they thought the condemn for 28 cases of non-guilty were appropriate (71.43%) and not appropriate (10.7%). 7 victims were dead. 10 victims were crippled. 10 victims restored to health. In 41 persons testimonied and set free with a verdict of "not guilty", 4 homicided again (4.87%), 2 set on fire (4.87%), 2 stealed (4.87%) and 3 had wrecked behavior (7.31%). CONCLUSION So it is suggested that the department concerned should keep criminals with mental disorder under control and treatment.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Crime ; Crime Victims ; Expert Testimony ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Forensic Psychiatry/legislation & jurisprudence* ; Humans ; Liability, Legal ; Male ; Mentally Ill Persons/psychology* ; Middle Aged ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo analyze the etiological and epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) seen in Jiangsu province from 2008 to 2010, and provide evidence for its prevention and control.

METHODSBased on the requirement of supervision program of HFMD, surveillance and report were done according to National Disease Supervision Information Management System. Descriptive epidemiological method, performed between 2008 and 2010, was used to analyze the time, region and population distribution and results of etiologic analysis of HFMD. Nucleic acid of enterovirus (EV) genome was detected by real-time RT-PCR.

RESULTSThe average incidence rate of HFMD was 86.70 per million between 2008 and 2010, the peak incidence occurred in April to July. There were significant differences among the incidence in different districts (P<0.05), and the highest incidence was seen in the densely inhabited southern areas of Jiangsu province. Most of the cases were infants and children aged less than 5 years. The number of male cases (2008: 17,008, 2009: 48 768, 2010: 50,231) was much larger than that of the female cases 2008: 9662, 2009: 29 151, 2010: 30,655. The HFMD cases with mild symptoms were caused mainly by enterovirus 71 (EV71) and coxsackievirus A16 (Cox A16) and there was difference among different years. The severe HFMD cases and deaths were mainly caused by EV71 infection.

CONCLUSIONSThe epidemiologic characteristics of HFMD in Jiangsu province from 2008 to 2010 had close relationship with season, population and region. The mild cases of HFMD were mainly infected with EV71 and Cox A16. However, EV71 illness seemed to be more severe and had significantly greater frequency of serious complications and fatality than the illness caused by Cox A16.

Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Enterovirus A, Human ; pathogenicity ; Female ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease ; epidemiology ; virology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of different concentration of Tamoxifen ointment on the fibroblasts and transforming growth factor (TGF-beta2) of hypertrophic scar at rabbit ears, so as to explore the possibility of treatment of hypertrophic scar with Tamoxifen.

METHODSThe hypertrophic scar model was established in 96 New Zealand rabbits' ears. The wounds were divided into four groups (A, B, C and D), with 144 wounds in each group. Different concentration of tamoxifen ointment (0.5%, 1%, 2%) was topically administered in groups A, B and C respectively, and blank ointment in group D. On postoperative day 30, 60 and 90, the scar samples were harvested. The scar thickness, scar histological change and the content of TGF-beta2 were detected.

RESULTS(1) On the 30th day after operation, the difference of scar tissue thickness among groups A, D and B, C reached statistical significance (group A, D < group B < group C). However, there was a contrary tendency in fibroblasts density and TGF-beta2 content of the scar tissue simultaneously. (2) On 60th, 90th day after injury, there was statistical difference in scar thickness, fibroblasts density and the content of TGF-beta2 in scar of four groups (P < 0.05). The content of TGF-beta2 in group A, B, C, D was (43.97 +/- 3.63) microg/L, (41.92 +/- 3.91) microg/L, (36.69 +/- 4.15) microg/L, (54.90 +/- 4.71) microg/L, respectively, on 60th day; and (45.69 +/- 2.63) microg/L, (40.43 +/- 3.87) microg/L, (38.76 +/- 3.24) microg/L, (52.59 +/- 4.92) microg/L, respectively, on 90th day. The fibroblasts density of scar in groups A, B, C, D was (4392.07 +/- 327.84) point/mm2, (4208.57 +/- 329.76) point/mm2 (4 033.44 +/- 427.91) point/mm2, (4863.03 +/- 387.98) point/mm2, respectively, on 60th day; and (4418.41 +/- 432.52) point/mm2, (4077.65 +/- 386.70) point/mm2, (3844.53 +/- 354.29) point/mm2, (4838.64 +/- 390.52) point/mm2, respectively, on 90th day. The content of TGF-beta2 and fibroblasts density of scar were lined up as group D > group A > group B > group C (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSTopical Tamoxifen can reduce the content of TGF-beta2 and fibroblast, decrease fibroblasts density and the formation of hypertrophic scar at rabbit ears. It offers a new way for the treatment of the hypertrophic scar.

Animals ; Cicatrix, Hypertrophic ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Ear Diseases ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Fibroblasts ; drug effects ; pathology ; Ointments ; Rabbits ; Tamoxifen ; pharmacology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta2 ; metabolism