Objective To investigate the effects of Buyang-Huanwu decoction combined with western medicine on early diabetic renal injury.Methods 200 cases of early diabetic renal injury were randomly recruited into study group and control group,with 100 cases in each group.The control group was treated with insulin injection and oral benazepril hydrochloride,and the blood pressure,blood lipid changes were closely monitored; while the study group was additionally treated with Buyang-Huanwu decoction on the basis of the control group.Results The total therapeutic effects in the study group was significantly higher than the control group (x2=15.62,P＜0.01).The values of FBG,2 h PG,DBP,SBP,HbAlc in both groups were significantly reduced after the treatment (P＜0.05,t=4.23,4.47,3.59,3.87,3.99 in the study group,t=4.34,4.76,4.05,3.78,3.69 in the control group) ; but the difference between the two groups had no significance (P＞0.05).Before treatment rnALB,Urea,Cr,TG and TC were not significantly different (P＞0.05) ; the values of mALB,Ureaand Cr were significantly reduced in the study group after the treatment (P＜0.05,t=4.56,3.73,3.28);especially mALB in the study group was obviously lower than the control group (P＜0.05,t=5.01).Conclusion Buyang-Huanwu decoction combined with western medicine was effective to treat early renal damage of type 2 diabetes,with the functions of reducing urinary protein,improving microcirculation and protecting renal function.

Some problems were settled in making permanent slide for predacious nematode fungi by slide cultivation and cotton blue stain. Method of small-hole culture covered with slides could obtain high quality images, which solved the problem that trapping device couldn't be observed with high-power microscopes and oil-immersion microscopes. Scraping slide technique improved the method of making temporary slides.

Objective To investigate the correlation between p21-actived kinase 1(PAK1) gene polymorphism and prognosis of endocrine therapy for breast cancer. Methods Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was employed to analyze the genotype of PAK1 gene rs2298793 T→C polymorphism and rs2844327 C→T polymorphism of 105 patients with breast cancer accepting endocrine therapy. Prognostic factors such as age, state of menses, magnitude of tumor, pathological type, condition of operation, clinical stage, estrogen receptor, progesteron receptor, Her-2 and endocrine therapy drug were comprehensively considered, and Cox model was employed to analyze the relation of PAK1 genotype with the time-to-tumor progression (TTP). Results As to rs2298793C→T polymorphism, the TTP of CT genotype was shorter than TT genotype (P

ObjectiveTo observe and compare the efficacy of two types of microencapsulated rat islets xenotransplanted into diabetic mice. MethodsThe mice diabetic model made with injecting 3% Streptozotosin through tail vein. Four groups were assigned: control group, naked islet transplantation group, alginate-BaCl2 microencapsulated islet transplantation group, agarose-PSSa microencapsulated islet transplantation group.300 islets were transplanted under the renal envelope of each diabetic mice respectively. ResultsThere were no significant difference in mean level of the blood glucose before transplantation among four groups. One week after transplantation, the respective mean level of the blood glucose in four groups were (7.26±1.56) mmol/L in alginate-BaCl2 microencapsulated islet transplantation group, (7.14±1.04) mmol/L in agarose-PSSa microencapsulated islet transplantation group, (7.42±1.52) mmol/L in naked islet transplantation group and (22.54±1.24) mmol/L in control. There were significant difference between the two encapsulated islet groups and the other two groups. The survived period of the two encapsulated islet transplantation groups were longer than that of the other two groups. The survived period of the alginate-BaCl2 microencapsulated islet transplantation group was longer than that of the agarose-PSSa microencapsulated islet transplantation group (92 d vs 56 d),the same as the time of keeping nomal blood glucose level (76 d vs 41 d). ConclusionMicroencapsulated rat islets with this two materials can survive in diabetic mice with their biological activity, and the alginate-BaCl2 microcapsules are better than the agarose-PSSa microcapsules.

Objective To investigate the effect of different doses of dexmedetomidine (DEX) on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) in rats.Methods Seventy-five SD male rats weighing between 250 and 300g were divided into sham group,MIRI group,small-dose DEX group,medium-dose DEX group and high-dose group according to the random number table,with 15 rats per group.Threading the left anterior descending coronary artery was done only in sham group,but the MIRI model was produced in the rest groups by ligation of the artery for 30 minutes followed by 120 minutes of reperfusion.Fifteen minutes before the ligation,small-,medium-and high-dose DEX groups were injected 2.5,5 and 10 μg · kg-1 · h-1 of DEX respectively until the end of reperfusion.Instead,an equal volume of normal saline was given in sham and MIRI groups.At the end of reperfusion,five rats in each group were used to determine the myocardial infarct size,and arterial blood samples and myocardial tissues from ten rats in each group were used to measure serum levels of interleukin-1β (IL-β) and serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),expression of myocardial nuclear factor kappa B p65 (NF-κB p65) and change of myocardial pathomorphology.Results Myocardial infract size,degree of myocardial pathomorphology structure damage,serum levels of IL-1 β and TNF-αt and expression of myocardial NF-κB p65 in sham group were significantly lower in sham group than other groups (P ＜ 0.05).Above mentioned parameters in small-,medium-and high-dose DEX groups were all significantly decreased compared to MIRI group (P ＜ 0.05),and the decrease was most significant in medium-dose DEX group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions DEX can attenuate the MIRI in rats and the possible mechanism is suppressing the release of NF-κB p65,which can reduce serum pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α and IL-1β.And mediumdose DEX exhibits better protective effect.

Objective To investigate the correlation of the middle cerebral artery stenosis (MCAS) and the mild cognitive function impairment (MCI),and the clinical efficacy of statins in patients with MCI. Methods Six hundred and thirty-six patientse,who received transcranial color doppler ultrasound (TCD)assay, were enrolled in our hospital hospitalization or outpatients. The simple mental state examination (MMSE) and clinical dementia rating scale (CDR) were used as cognitive function assessment indexes. Forty-four cases of MCI with MCAS and 58 cases of MCI with NMCAS were used as the treatment group , who received the atorvastatin 20 mg every day , 56 cases of MCI with NMCAS were used as the control group , who only received the routine and basic diseases treatment. One yearlater,we determined the changes of MMSE and CDRagain. Results We detected 124 patients with MCAS, 512 patients with NMCAS, and 44 cases of MCAS patients with MCI, the prevalence was 35.5%,114 cases of NMCAS in patients with MCI, with the prevalence of 22.3%, the prevalence between the two groups was statistically different. One year later, the patients in the treatment group, MMSE score was improved, the score of MCI of the MCAS group improved more significantly. Conclusion The middle cerebral artery stenosis correlated with the occurrence of MCI. Atorvastatin could improve cognitive function in patients with MCI, especially for MCI which was caused by middle cerebral artery stenosis.

Objective To evaluate the role of the complement 1 q (C1 q) in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats.Methods Sixty healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 3-4 months,weighing 180-200 g,were randomized into 2 groups:sham operation group (S group,n =12) and hepatic I/R group (I/R group,n =48).Hepatic specimens were obtained at 1,3,6 and 24 h of reperfusion and were then cut and stained with haematoxylin and eosin for examination of histological changes of the liver (with light microscope) and for determination of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content (by colorimetric method),expression of Clq mRNA (using real-time PCR) and expression of Clq (by using Western blot).Results Compared with S group,the activity of SOD was gradually decreased,the content of MDA was gradually increased,and the expression of Clq and Clq mRNA was gradually up-regulated and peaked at 3 h of reperfusion with the prolongation of reperfusion time in I/R group (P ＜ 0.05).The pathological changes of the liver were aggravated with the prolongation of reperfusion time in I/R group.Conclusion Activation of C1 q is involved in hepatic I/R injury in rats.

Objective To summarize the experience of the simple neuroendoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery for the large pituitary adenoma and discuss it's application value.Methods Seventy-eight cases of the large pituitary adenoma treated by simple neuroendoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery from July,2011 to May,2014 were analyzed retrospectively.Tumors were resected using 0 and 30 degree endoscope after opening the same side of the anterior wall of the sphenoidal sinus and sellar bone using the abrasive drilling during operation.Results The tumor removal was total in 62 (79.49％),subtotal in 12 (15.38％),major in 3(3.85％) and part in 1 (1.28％).Seventy-one cases were followed up for 2 months to 2 years after operation and no recurrence was founded,the symptoms of headache disappeared in 49 cases;The vision of patients was improved in 47 cases,menstruation resumed in 12 cases;The acromegaly of patients reduced in 21 cases.Hormone level review of PRL returned to normal in 32 cases,GH returned to normal in 21 cases,ACTH returned to normal in 2 cases.Conclusion The endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery for large pituitary tumors is the safely,minimally invasive surgical techniques.With the development of endoscopic equipment constantly updated and the operational flexibility and comfort is improved ceaselessly,endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery for the sellar tumor will be carried out more widely.

Objective To compare the dosimetric parameters between the use of Tandem and Ring (TR;Nucletron#090.617) or Tandem and Ovoid (TO;Nucletron#189.730) applicators during three-dimensional (3D) high-dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy (BT) for cervical cancer.Methods The records of 40 cervical cancer (ⅡB-ⅣA) patients treated with 3D-image-guided HDR-BT were reviewed.Of these 40 patients, 20 were treated with the TO applicator, and 20 with the TR applicator.The D100% and V150% of the clinical target volume (CTV) and the D2 cc of organs at risk (OAR)(the rectum, bladder, and small intestine) during 3D-HDR-BT using TO and TR were compared using the independent sample t-test.ResultsOverall metrics:CTV volume:66.04±13.86 cm3(TR) vs.65.67±15.08 cm3(TO)(P=0.052);CTV D100:3.71±0.34 Gy (TR) vs.3.37±0.49 Gy (TO)(P=0.016);CTV V150%:0.54±0.02(TR) vs.0.56±0.04(TO)(P=0.034);rectum D2 cc:3.38±0.30 Gy (TR) vs.2.95±0.80 Gy (TO)P=0.037);bladder D2 cc:4.33±0.39 Gy (TR) vs.2.93±1.27 Gy (TO)(P=0.00);and small ntestine D2 cc:3.04±1.02 Gy (TR) vs.3.41±0.57 Gy (TO)(P=0.171).Conclusions TR has better CTV coverage than TO during 3D HDR brachytherapy for cervical cancer.In addition, D2 cc of the rectum and bladder were both igher with TR than with TO, though there is no significant dosimetric difference in the small intestine between the two applicators.Therefore, tumor location, extent of invasion, and vaginal conditions should be considered when selecting the suitable pplicator for the treatment of cervical cancer.

Salvianolic acid A (Sal A) is one of the most effective compounds isolated from the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Up to now, several studies regarding the pharmacokinetic profiles of Sal A have been reported, however there is no such study reported in monkeys, the species which is more similar to human. The aim of this study is to develop a LC-MS method for the determination of Sal A in monkey plasma and apply it to the pharmacokinetic studies of monkeys. After single intravenous administration of Sal A, the plasma concentration-time curves were observed and the main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. The plasma concentration at 2 min (C2 (min)) values were (28.343 ± 6.426), (45.679 ± 12.301) and (113.293 ± 24.360) mg x L(-1) for Rhesus monkeys treated with Sal A at 2.5, 5 and 10 mg x kg(-1). The area under the concentration-time curve (AUC(0-∞)) values were (3.316 ± 0.871), (5.754 ± 2.150) and (13.761 ± 2.825) μg x L(-1) x h, respectively. Furthermore, this method was improved and applied to the simultaneous determination of Sal A, Sal B and Sal C, which provided useful information for preclinical studies and clinical trials of Sal A, Sal B and Sal C.
Administration, Intravenous ; Animals ; Caffeic Acids ; pharmacokinetics ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacokinetics ; Lactates ; pharmacokinetics ; Macaca mulatta ; Mass Spectrometry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry