Objective In order to study the structure-activity relationship of oridonin,Some derivatives of oridonin were synthesized and their cytotoxicity activity was evaluated.Methods Oridonin (Ⅰ) was isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography.The derivatives were synthesized from oridonin through oxidation and acylation.All compounds were confirmed by spectrum analyses and their cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT method.Results Six compounds were obtained and identified as: 14-acetyl-oridonin(Ⅱ),1,14-diacetyl-oridonin(Ⅲ),14-p-tolylsulfonyl-oridonin(Ⅳ),1-oxo-oridonin(Ⅴ),14-acetyl-1-oxo-oridonin(Ⅵ),14-p-tolylsulfonyl-1-oxo-oridonin(Ⅶ).Among them compounds Ⅳ,Ⅵ,and Ⅶ were new compounds.Five compounds showed better cytotoxicity than oridonin.Conclusion The cytotoxicity of 1oxo oridonin derivatives is first evaluated and shows the stronger cytotoxicity than oridonin.

Objective To study the probability of transferring the regulatory T cells induced by TGF-β1 to prolong the allograft survival and the mechanisms involved.Methods According to the different culture conditions.three experimental groups were established:control group(T cells from C57 BL/6 mice cultured with II-2),MLR group(T cells from C57BL/6 mice activated by alloantigen)and TGF-βgroup(T cells from C57BL/6 mice activated by alloantigen and cultured with 5.0 ng/ml TGF-β1).After the culture,the ratio of CI4+CD25+T and the Foxq3 expression were measured by FACS and RT-PCR,respectively.On 9th day,the pathologic analysis was performed and the ratios of TH1,TH2 and Treg and the proliferation of lymphocytes were measured.Results The ratio of CD4+CD25+T in TGF-β group was higher than that in control group and MLR group(P<0.05),and Foxp3 was expressed in CD4+CD25+T cell from TGF-βgroup.After transferring ofthe cells,the allografi survival time in TGF-β group was prolonged and its mean survival time(MST)was(22.8±1.9)d,which was longer than that in MLR group and control group (P0.05),lower than that of control group(P<0.05). And the ratio of CD4+CD25+T in TGF-β group was higher than that in control and MLR group obviously(P

The over expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS), a key enzyme in biosynthesis of fatty acid, can enhance enzyme activity and result in the malignant behavior, special material metabolism and energy metabolism of tumors. The expression of FAS is significantly higher in prostate cancer than in normal prostate tissues, which shows that FAS can be used as a marker in the early diagnosis of prostate cancer. The abnormally increased expression of FAS in prostate cancer may offer a new target for the drug treatment of the disease.
Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Early Diagnosis ; Fatty Acid Synthases ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; enzymology

OBJECTIVEThis work investigated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) modified with Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) therapy for bone regeneration in rabbit mandibular distraction osteogenesis.

METHODSForty-eight New Zealand mature white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups after the rabbit model of mandibular distraction osteogenesis was established: reconstruction plasmid modified with Runx2 (group A), plasmid without Runx2 (group B), and the same dose of saline as control (group C). At the fifth day of distraction phase, MSCs with reconstruction plasmid modified with adv-hRunx2-gfp were injected into the distraction gap of group A. MSCs with reconstruction plasmid modified with adv-gfp was injected into the distraction gap of group B, whereas group C was injected with the same dose of saline. At 8 weeks after injection, all animals were sacrificed, and the distracted mandibles were harvested. The general imaging histological observation and three-point bending test were used for evaluation.

RESULTSCT plain scan and histological analysis confirmed that the amount of new bone forming in the distraction gap of group A was significantly higher than those in groups B and C. Dual-energy X ray and three-point bending test results also showed that the bone mineral density, bone mineral content, and maximum load of the distraction gap of group A were significantly higher than those of groups B and C (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONRunx2-ex vivo gene therapy based on MSCs can effectively promote the bone regeneration in rabbit mandibular distraction osteogenesis and shorten the stationary phase. Therefore, reconstruction of craniofacial fracture would be a valuable strategy

Absorptiometry, Photon ; Animals ; Bone Density ; Bone Regeneration ; physiology ; Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit ; genetics ; pharmacology ; Genetic Therapy ; Mandible ; physiology ; surgery ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; Osteogenesis ; genetics ; Osteogenesis, Distraction ; methods ; Plasmids ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Transcription Factors ; genetics ; physiology ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To investigate the dosimetric influence of dwell weight standard deviation (DWSD) and applicator displacement in cervical cancer patients treated with three-dimensional brachytherapy.Methods A total of 20 cervical cancer patients who had completed radical treatment were selected in this study.The Fletcher applicator (Nucletron#189.730) was used for these patients.A new plan,based on the former CT images and structures,was designed for each patient.In former and new plans,dwell weight was recorded,and DWSD was calculated.Two groups,low-DWSD (LDWSD,0.141-0.299) and high-DWSD (HDWSD,0.211-0.337),were set according to the DWSD size for the two plans.Dosimetric effects from ± 1 mm displacement of tandem applicator or ovoid applicator were simulated with Oncentra (R) Brachy V4.3 treatment planning system.D100,D90,and V150 for clinical target volume (CTV)and D0.1cc,D1cc,and D2cc for the bladder,rectum,and sigmoid were evaluated.Dosimetric comparisons were made between the LDWSD group and HDWSD group to study the dosimetric effects of DWSD and applicator displacement in cervical cancer patients.Results The dosimetric effects from applicator displacement increased with increasing DWSD.If there was a 1 mm displacement of tandem applicator or ovoid applicator,D100,D90,and V150 of CTV were 3.0％,23.8％,and 4.8％ higher or 0.5％,1.2％,and 5.2％ higher in the HDWSD group than in the LDWSD group;D0.1cc,D1cc,and D2cc of the bladder and rectum were significantly higher in the HDWSD group than in the LDWSD group,particularly for the sigmoid (up 44.0％,22.8％,and 16.8％) and (up 10.3％,14.4％,and 12.4％).Conclusions DWSD should be considered in plan evaluation for cervical cancer patients treated with three-dimensional brachytherapy.The dosimetric influence from applicator displacement can be decreased by reducing DWSD properly.

Objective To evaluate the molluscicidal effect and the using value of qiangluocide powder by dusting in the fields. Methods The two different ways of dusting with qiangluocide and spraying with luomiecide for controlling snails were compared in the fields, and the cost-effectiveness was analysed. Results The corrected mortalities and the reduced rates for density of snails were 88.48%, 96.26%, 96.96%, 95.67%, and 87.58%, 95.40%, 96.14%, 96.67%, respectively, on the marshland in Longtan, Nanjing, 73. 65% , 98. 31% , 99. 22% , 99. 26% and 69. 30% , 98.14%, 98.84%, 98. 60% , respectively, on the marshland in Yizheng, Yangzhou, on 1 d, 3d, 7 d, 15 d after dusting with qiangliocide power; and those on 1d, 3d, 7d, 15d after the spraying with luomiecide were 69.15%, 88.01%, 86.46%, 85.56% and 75.27%, 84.99%, 87.50%, 87.96% on the marshland in Longtan, Nanjing, 18.70%, 63.11%, 1.25%, 12.60% and 34. 88% , 89. 02% , 45.37% , 46. 59% , respectively, on the marshland in Yizheng, Yangzhou. The st of dusting with qiangluocide powder was 0. 20 yuan/m2, and that of spraying with luomiecide as 0. 21 yuan/m2 for snail control in the fields. The costs of reduced one percentage for the cor rected mortalities and the density of snail were 6. 27-10. 07 yuan and 6. 21-10. 14 yuan, respectively, on 15 d after dusting with qiangluocide power and those on 15 d after spraying with luomiecide were 7. 36-83. 33 yuan and 7. 16-22. 54 yuan , respectively. Conclusion The dusting with qiangluocide powder is a promising new formulation, which is suitable for the areas without water resource and possessed of high effectiveness against snails. The method ofdusting with qian-gluocide powder for controlling snails is simple, convenient, cheap and easy to be carried out for the inspection and quality control.

Surgical excision and postoperative radiotherapy are widely accepted therapeutic modalities for sinonasal teratocarcinosarcoma (SNTCS). Previous studies have shown that intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is safe and effective for the treatment of some sinonasal malignancies. We hypothesize that use of IMRT for SNTCS may result in clinical benefits. We report here two cases of SNTCS that were treated by IMRT. One patient was given extensive IMRT involving elective neck irradiation. Follow-up examinations revealed no recurrence and metastasis 3.5 years after IMRT. Another patient simultaneously suffered from multiple systematical diseases and was administered involved-field radiotherapy. He was found to have a marginal recurrence during the follow up and eventually died 8 months after disease diagnosis. It was suggested in this study that appropriate use of IMRT for the treatment of SNTCS may achieve excellent local control.

Background T helper cell 17 (Th17),a newly discovered subset of CD4+ T cells,have been found to play an important role in dry eye disease in animal model.Further investigation should be done on the immunopathogenesis of Th17 cells in dry eye patients.Objective This study was to analyze the expression status of interleukin-17 (IL-17) and IL-22 in tear and supernatant of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of dry eye patients and their correlation with clinical symptom and sign.Methods Twenty Sj(o)gren syndrome (SS)patients,twenty non-Sj(o)gren syndrome (NSS) patients were included in Wuxi Second Hospital from 2010 to 2011,and twenty healthy volunteers were recruited at the same period.All of subjects understood the purpose and procedure of research and written informed consent was obtained form each subject initial of this study.Dry eye symptom questionnairs were self-answered and multiple dry eye disease-related clinical tests,including the breakup time of tear film (BUT),Schirmer Ⅰ test (S Ⅰ t) and corneal fluorescein staining were performed.The periphery blood of 3 ml and tear were collected in all the subjects,and IL-17 and IL-22 levels in supernatant of PBMCs and tear were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The correlations between levels of IL-17 and IL-22 with BUT,S Ⅰ t,corneal fluorescein staining and dry eye scores were analyzed.Results The dry eye scores reduced,BUT prolonged,S Ⅰ t increased and corneal fluorescein dye decreased from SS group,NSS group to normal control group,with significant differences among the three groups (dry eye scores:H =40.81,P＜0.01 ; BUT:H =40.15,P＜0.01 ;S Ⅰ t..H=50.07,P＜0.01 ;corneal dye scores:H=40.52,P＜0.01).The concentration of IL-17 in the supernatant of PBMCs in the SS patients,NSS patients and normal controls were (964.92±124.83)ng/L,(718.85± 115.89)ng/L and (341.95±85.08) ng/L,showing a statistically significant difference among them (F=162.95,P＜0.01).The levels of IL-17 in the tear were (440.69±126.09) ng/L,(364.33±126.85) ng/L and (61.16±11.60) ng/L in the SS group,NSS group and normal control group respectively,exhibiting an elevated level in the SS group and NSS group compared with the control group (F=75.27,P＜0.01).In addition,the levels of IL-22 in the supernatant of PBMCs in the SS patients,NSS patients and normal controls were (98.77± 11.27) ng/L,(79.65 ± 11.01) ng/L and (32.78±9.34) ng/L,and those in the tear were (22.22 ± 8.96) ng/L,(14.92 ±4.35) ng/L and (10.47 ± 2.67) ng/L,with significant differences among the three groups (F =206.27,P＜0.01 ;F =19.87,P＜0.01).The significant correlations were found between the IL-17 and IL-22 concentration in the supernatant of PBMCs and tear with corneal fluorescein staining scores and S Ⅰ t.Conclusions The contents of IL-17 and IL-22 in PBMCs and tear upregulate in the SS and NSS patients,indicating that Th17 plays a key role in the immunity mechanism of dry eye.

Objective To compare the characteristics of dose distribution between hypofractionated intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) plans in lung tumor and to select an optimal clinical approach. Methods SRT plans were designed for 16 patients with lung tumors who had received IMRT between April 2007 and April 2008. The dose distribution of target volume and normal tissues, conformal index (CI) and heteregenous index (HI) were analyzed using the dose-volume histogram (DVH) for the IMRT and SRT plans. Results The mean dose and equivalent uni-form dose of planning target volume (PTV) in IMRT were similar to those in SRT. SRT had significantly better CI and HI than IMRT (t = 2.77, P < 0.05 and t = - 4.38, P < 0.01 ). The mean lung dose of IMRT and SRT was (492.4 ±368.5) cGy and ( 310.0 ± 73.1 ) cGy, respectively ( t = 1.68, P > 0.05 ). The lung V20 of IMRT and SRT was 6.9% ± 2.1% and 4.2%± 1.9%, respectively ( t = 3.30, P < 0.01 ). No sig-nificant differences were found in the mean dose to the heart or the spinal cord between IMRT and SRT. Conclusions When PTV is less than 57 cm3 or the long diameter of tumor is less than 4.7 cm, hypofrac-tionated SRT has similar dose distribution to hypofractionated IMRT, while the lung dose was lower in the former.

Bone Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Femur ; pathology ; Fibroma ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male