Humans ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; adverse effects ; methods

Objective To explore the early clinical characteristics of multiple system atrophy (MSA) in the elderly,and provide the basis for early diagnosis.Methods Totally 102 cases with probable MSA in elderly patients were retrospectively analyzed to understand the beginning symptom,clinical features and assistant examination results,combined with the literature review.Results Among the 102 cases diagnosed as probable MSA (61 cases were male and 41 cases were female),57cases (55.9％) were diagnosed as parkinsonism dominant MSA (MSA-P) subtype and 45 cases (44.1％) as cerebellar dominant MSA (MSA-C)subtype.In the beginning symptom,27 cases appeared autonomic dysfunction,including 15 cases (26.3％) in MSA P subtype and 12 cases (26.6％) MSA-C subtype; 14 cases manifested as dysuresia,11 cases as orthostatic hypotension,and 8 cases as sexual dysfunction.Parkinsonism as the beginning symptom was in 49 cases,among whom 24 cases were of abnormal gait,3 cases of resting tremor,16 cases of muscle rigidity,and 15 cases of slowed movement.Cerebellar symptoms as the beginning symptom were in 33 cases,with gait and limb ataxia of 27 cases,dysarthria of 6 cases,nystagmus of 2 cases.Pyramidal tract signs as the beginning symptom were in 2 cases.There was early misdiagnosis of 36 cases (35.3％).Conclusions As wide variety of early clinical features,MSA can be easily misdiagnosed.The clinical features and assistant examination should be paid attention to improvement of the accuracy of early diagnosis.

Designer Drugs ; Drug Design ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Tablets

More attentions have been paid to the development of evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (ECPGs) of Chinese medicine (CM). International guideline evaluation instruments such as Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE I) has been gradually applied in ECPGs quality evaluation of CM. Nowadays, there are some certain methodological defects in partial ECPGs of Chinese medicine, with relatively low applicability and slowly update. It is suggested to establish technical specifications of CM-ECPGs in accordance with the characteristics of CM and international general specification, strengthen the quality evaluation of CM-ECPGs, attach great importance to the regularly update as well as popularization and application of CM-ECPGs.
Evidence-Based Medicine ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Practice Guidelines as Topic

AIM: To investigate the change of estrogen receptor (ER) in hippocampus, hypothalamus and pituitary of female rats exposed to psychological stress, and to illuminate the mechanism of dysfunction on ovarian reproductive endocrine function. METHODS: Sound, light and electricity were combined into a psychological stressful stimulus to induce female rat dysfunction on ovarian reproductive endocrine function. Immunohistochemical technique and image analysis were used to assess the expression levels of ER in hippocampus, hypothalamus and pituitary. RESULTS: When exposed to compound stressful stimulus of sound, light and electricity for 20 days in female rats, the expression levels of ER in hippocampus, hypothalamus and pituitary dropped. CONCLUSION: The decrease in estrogen receptor expression in hippocampus, hypothalamus and pituitary of female rats exposed to psychological stress may be one of the mechanisms of ovarian reproductive endocrine dysfunction.

Objective To investigate and dispose an outbreak of seasonal influenza in hospital,so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of influenza outbreak in hospital.Methods Eight cases of influenza-like in-fection occurred in the department of neurosurgery at a hospital between July 29 and August 7,2014,epidemiologi-cal investigation was conducted,throat swabs of infected persons were collected for laboratory detection.Results Of 8 infected persons,6 were health care workers (HCWs)in department of neurosurgery,1 was a family member of HCW,and 1 was a patient,the major symptoms of the infected persons were low-grade fever,sore throat,and ma-laise,there were 67 patients and HCWs in this department,the attack rate of influenza was 11.94%,there was no similar infection in other departments of the hospital during the same period.The throat swabs from 6 infected HCWs were positive in influenza virus nucleic acid detection.Office for healthcare-associated infection (HAI)man-agement participated the investigation,after active isolation and antiviral treatment,the outbreak was effectively controlled.Conclusion This HAI outbreak is a seasonal influenza H3 outbreak,ventilation and environmental dis-infection in wards should be strengthened when central air conditioning is running,anti-influenza vaccination among HCWs should be performed during the epidemic season of influenza,and surveillance should be strengthened to pre-vent influenza outbreak in hospital.

Animals ; Arteriovenous Malformations ; complications ; Child, Preschool ; Diaphragm ; blood supply ; Hemothorax ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Nematode Infections ; pathology ; Pleural Effusion ; etiology

BACKGROUND: Most of hematopoietic growth factor regulates proliferation and differentiation of blood cells through JAKs-STATs signal transduction pathway. Total saponins of Panax ginseng (TSPG) can promote in vitro differentiation of CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells into erythroid cells, with similar effectiveness of hematopoietic growth factor.Erythropoietin receptor (EpoR) expression on the cell membrane of progenitor cells is critical during the erythroid differentiation process.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the molecular mechanism of TSPG to induce erythroid cells through erythropoiesis and its receptor-mediated JAK2/STAT5 signal transduction.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: An in vitro cytological observation. The study was performed at the Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University from May 2006 to October 2008.MATERIALS: Umbilical cord blood of normal full-term pregnancy was provided by the First Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. TSPG, purity＞95%, provided by Chongqing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, was diluted in RPMI-1640 for work concentration of 1 g/L and degermed by positive pressure filtration.in RPMI-1640 culture solution containing horse serum, with various dilutions of TSPG (0 as blank control, 10, 25, 50, 75,100 mg/L). The MNCs were cultured on 96-well culture plate, with 0.2 mL in each well. Early erythroid cells were counted on were harvested and cultured separately in RPMI-1640 culture solution containing 10% horse serum as control group and in TSPG (25 mg/L)- conditioned culture system as experimental group. 5 U/mL Epo was added for 0, 2, 5 and 30 minutes.Immunoprecipitation of JAK2/STAT5 was used for the effect of TSPG on Epo/EpoR-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK2/STAT5.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Effect of TSPG on proliferation of erythroid progenitor cells from human umbilical cord blood;Effect of Epo on the proliferation of hematopoietic cells; Effect of TSPG on EpoR expression of the umbilical blood cells; tyrosine phosphorylations of JAK2 and STAT5.RERULTS: TSPG (10-75 mg/L) promoted the colony formation of BEU-E, CFU-E, and the preferential differentiation into erythroid lineage cells was most induced from 25 mg/L of TSPG. Using the colorimetric MTT assay, MNCs exhibited proliferative responses to Epo (2-50 U/mL) reaching maximum at 5 U/mL Epo. The addition of TSPG did not increase the expression of EpoR after MNCs were incubated in the presence of with or without TSPG for 24 hours. The pretreatment with TSPG for 24 hours enhanced Epo-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT5 (STAT5a and STAT5b).

Adolescent ; Anticonvulsants ; therapeutic use ; Body Mass Index ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Epilepsy ; blood ; drug therapy ; Female ; Galanin ; blood ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Valproic Acid ; blood ; therapeutic use

Carbon Monoxide ; physiology ; Humans ; Nervous System Diseases ; physiopathology ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; physiology ; Nitric Oxide ; physiology