Disease Susceptibility ; HLA-DQ beta-Chains ; genetics ; HLA-DRB1 Chains ; genetics ; Humans ; Pneumoconiosis ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic

Aged ; Coal Mining ; Humans ; Lung Injury ; etiology ; Middle Aged ; Pneumoconiosis ; complications ; Pulmonary Emphysema ; complications

Adult ; Aged ; Ceruloplasmin ; analysis ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; N-Acetylneuraminic Acid ; blood ; Nephelometry and Turbidimetry ; Pneumoconiosis ; complications ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; diagnosis ; etiology

Objective To compare retrospectively the clinical outcome of total knee replacement with and without patellar replacement. Methods From January 1994 to December 2000, 109 knees in 86 patients treated for osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis were evaluated postoperatively using a questionnaire and physical examination. There were 17 males and 69 females with the age ranging from 37 to 80 years (average 65.7 years). The osteoarthritis was 8 knees and rheumatoid arthritis 69 knees. Forty-two knees underwent patellar replacement, and 67 knees with reserved patella. The patients were scored using HSS Score for knees and Feller Score for patella. AP and lateral views of the knee as well as 30? and 90? axial views of the patella were taken in radiography .The data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results Replacement and non-replacement groups showed no obvious difference in post-operative knee function and the incidence of complication. The two groups showed statistical significant differences in scoring on climbing and descending stairs and rising from sitting position, the results suggested the replacement group scored slightly better than the nonreplacement group. Post-operative anterior knee pain occurred more commonly in the non-replacement group and showed significant difference (P

Endothelial glycocalyx is a hairy-like structure covered the endothelial cell surface,which consists of multiple functional elements.It has been proved that glycocalyx can regulate vascular permeability,mediate shear-induced release of NO by endothelial cells,and exert wide array of vasculoprotective effects via inhibition of coagulation and leucocyte adhesion.Degradation of glycocalyx may be associated with many cardiovascular diseases.In this review,the relationship between the endothelial glycocalyx and cardiovascular disease will be discussed.

Objective To evaluate the effect of laparoscopic operation and laparotomy on immune func -tion in divesting ovarian benign teratoma , and to provide further theoretical evidence for clinical practice .Meth-ods 60 patients with ovarian benign teratoma were selected .30 were conducted by laparoscopic operation ( lapa-roscopic group ) and 30 were conducted by laparotomy ( laparotomy group ) .Operation conditions were compared . White blood cell (WBC) and NEU counts, levels of IL-6,TNF-αand Th17 cells in the 2 groups before surgery, 3 days and 7 days after surgery were detected .Results Surgical time and intraoperative blood loss were signifi-cantly shorter and lower in laparoscopic group than in laparotomy group .Compared to those before surgery , WBC and NEU counts, levels of IL-6, TNF-αand Th17 cells in the two groups increased three days after surgery , and all of these observation targets were much higher in laparotomy group than in laparoscopic group (P＜0.05).There were downtrends of all the observation targets in two groups 7 days after surgery .However , all the observation tar-gets were still significantly higher in laparotomy group than in laparoscopic group ( P＜0.05) .Conclusion For o-varian benign teratoma , laparoscopic operation had less influence on immune function of patients compared with lap -arotomy, which is better for patients'recovery.

AIM: To study the effect of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) on the increase in microvessel permeability induced by platelet activating factor (PAF). METHODS: The microvessel permeability was assessed by measuring hydraulic conductivity (Lp). To observe the effect of S1P and PAF on vascular endothelial-cadherin (VE-Cadherin), the microvessels were stained with immunofluorescence and examined by laser confocal microscopy. RESULTS: After giving PAF at concentration of 10 nmol/L, the Lp value of rat mesentery microvessel was significantly increased. However, after pretreatment with S1P, PAF did not give rise to a further significant change. The effect of PAF on microvascular endothelial cells could be seen: the formation of endothelial gap was induced, the microvascular fluorescence intensity significantly increased, a large number of fluorescent microspheres (FMs) distributed in the space among the endothelial cells. However, after pretreated with S1P, no obvious gap opening and the FMs accumulation were observed. Compared to normal control, no significant difference of the microvascular fluorescence intensity was found. CONCLUSION: PAF changes the structure of VE-Cadherin, leading to detachment of adherent junction, formation of intercellular gaps, which contributes to the increase in the permeability. S1P improves the increase in the microvessel permeability caused by PAF, which might be mediated by strengthening adherent junction and inhibiting the formation of endothelial gaps.

BACKGROUND: It is still controversial whether antibiotic-loaded bone cement can prevent wound deep infection in the primary hip arthroplasty. OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively observe the effect of antibiotic-loaded bone cements in primary hip arthroplasty. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A retrospective case analysis was performed for the patients undergoing primary hip arthroplasty at Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital from February 2004 to January 2007. PARTICIPANTS: 227 consecutive patients (233 hips) underwent primary hip arthroplasty with the same antibiotic-loaded bone cement, including 69 male and 115 female, and 184 cases (191 hips) were followed up for 3-46 months. METHODS: Fifty-four patients over 71 years old with femoral neck fracture were treated with bipolar femoral head replacement. 130 patients underwent total hip arthroplasty. Seventeen patients with massive acetabular bone defect were reconstructed with impaction autogenous and heterogenous bone grafting plus mesh; 3 patients underwent acetabular structural bone grafting. Both acetabular and femoral side prosthesis were antibiotic-loaded bone cements (Refobacin~-Palacos~R 40 or Cemex~ Genta). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Deep infection after operation. RESULTS: 227 patients (233 hips) did not develop early deep infection after surgery. 184 cases (191 hips) did not occur deep infection during the follow up. However, 15 cases developed swelling on the affected site or skin temperature increase, or pain surrounding joint, and underwent blood sedimentation and C-reactive protein examinations; 12 cases had normal blood sedimentation and 3 had increased blood sedimentation including 1 with rheumatoid, 1 with senile chronic bronchitis, and 1 with undetermined cause. All the 3 patients restored one month later. Fourteen patients had C-reactive protein within normal scope, and 1 with increased C-reactive protein caused by rheumatoid arthritis, but restored 6 weeks later. CONCLUSION: Antibiotic-loaded bone cements in primary hip arthroplasty can reduce incidence of deep infection.

Aim To investigate the protective effects of sphingosine 1-phosphate ( S1 P ) postconditioning on hypoxia/reoxygenation( H/R) injury in human umbili-cal vein endothelial cells ( HUVEC ) and its mecha-nisms. Methods HUVECs cells were divided into five groups: normal ( control) group, S1P low concentra-tion group ( L ) , S1 P medium concentration group (M), S1P high concentration group ( H) and H/R group. MTT method was used to measure cell survival. Using flow cytometric analysis, the rate of cell apopto-sis was determined. The activities of total superoxide dismutase ( T-SOD) , copper/zinc superoxide dismuta-se ( CuZn-SOD ) , manganese superoxide dismutase ( Mn-SOD) activity, nitric oxide ( NO) and malondial-dehyde ( MDA ) content in cell culture medium were measured with colorimetry. Mitochondrial membrane potential in cells was observed with fluorescence micro-scope. Bax/Bcl-2, eNOS protein expression levels in HUVECs cells were observed with Western blot. Re-sults Compared with H/R group, S1P low, medium and high concentrations in the intervention group could significantly increase the cell survival rate after H/R injury, and increase activity of T-SOD, CuZn-SOD, Mn-SOD and decrease content of MDA. Moreover, S1 P could significantly increase NO content and in-crease eNOS protein expression, decrease apoptosis rate and inhibit the reduction of mitochondrial mem-brane potential. Conclusions S1P can decrease cell apoptosis rate of HUVECs after H/R injury with a cer-tain concentration dependence. The protection of S1P for cell apoptosis of HUVECs after H/R injury may be related to decreasing the intracellular MDA content and improving intracellular SOD activity, increasing mito-chondrial membrane potential and enhancing expres-sion of Bcl-2, anti-apoptotic protein.

Prospective research have shown that whole exome sequencing (WES) may be considered when a diagnosis cannot be obtained using routine prenatal methods, e. g., chromosomal karyotyping and copy number variation sequencing, for fetuses with significant structural anomalies. WES can increase the diagnostic rate of genetic disorders in such fetuses by 8%~10%. Prenatal WES has been gaining wide acceptance. However, due to the limitations of fetal phenotypic evaluation and complexity of ethical issues in prenatal diagnosis, to justify and standardize the application of prenatal WES and maximize its clinical utility has become an urgent need. In view of this, a consensus has been formed by referring to the latest guidelines, expert consensus and authoritative literature. This consensus has put forward suggestions on the suitable objects of prenatal WES, pre-test consultation, sampling and laboratory testing, results report, post-test consultation, pregnancy outcome follow-up, multidisciplinary consultation of difficult cases, preservation of prenatal WES samples and data information.