Objective To observe the effect of high glucose on the expression of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) in cultured retinal Müller glia cells.Methods The retinal tissue of Sprague Dawley (SD) rats was collected,and Müller cells were isolated and cultured.The glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and glutamine synthetase (GS) of Müller cells were identified by streptavidin-biotinperoxidase complex.Cultured rat Müller cells were divided into control group (5.5 mmol/L glucose),group A (20 mmol/L glucose),group B (30 mmol/L glucose) and group C (40 mmol/L glucose).ATF4 protein expressions in Müller cells of four groups were measured by Western blot four days after cultured.Results GFAP and GS expressed in more than 95％ of Müller cells.Over 95％ of Müller cells of group A,B and C were positive for GFAP and GS.Western blots indicated that ATF4 protein in group A,B and C increased obviously compared with the control group (q=0.293,0.754,0.484; P＜0.05).Conclusion High glucose can increase the expression of ATF4 protein and cause endoplasmic reticulum stress in retinal Müller glia cells in vitro.

The incidence,morbidity and mortality of stroke are very high.The evaluation of ischemic penumbra has very important significance for guiding clinical treatment and assessing prognosis.Currently,ischemic penumbra can be evaluated using imaging technologies,such as MRI,CT,positron emission tomography,and single photon emission computed tomography.

Humans ; Hypertension, Portal ; etiology ; therapy ; Liver Cirrhosis ; complications ; therapy ; Portasystemic Shunt, Transjugular Intrahepatic

OBJECTIVE: To synthesis chitosan/β-glycerophosphate (CS/β-GP) thermosensitive hydrogel containing multi-walled carbon nanotubes-polyethyleneimine (MWCNTs-PEI) complexes and to lay a foundation for further research of dual slow-release delivery system. METHODS: Chitosan thermosensitive hydrogel containing MWCNTs-PEI was prepared by MWCNTs-PEI dispersed to the chitosan thermosensitive hydrogel. As the indicator of the gelling time, the experiment studied the effect of β-GP concentration, pH, temperature and MWCNTs-PEI composite quality on the thermosensitive chitosan hydrogel, and then it was charactered by using transmission electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectrometer(IR), and initially investigated in vivo compatibility. RESULTS: The dynamic rheology method investigated the gelling temperature were about 37.0°C. Within a certain range, the gelling time of thermosensitive chitosan hydrogel was shortened with the increase of concentration of β-GP, pH, temperature, and the quality of MWCNTs-PEI complexes, and they could be transformed into the hydrogel in vivo. The addition of MWCNTs-PEI complex didn't react chemically with the thermosensitive chitosan hydrogel and significantly make the holes of the chitosan thermosensitive hydrogel smaller by SEM and FT-IR, eventually leading to the swelling rate and the corrosional ratio decrease. CONCLUSION: Chitosan/β-glycerophosphate thermosensitive hydrogel containing amino-carbon nanotubes has a rapid gelation and good temperature-sensitivity, which can serve as a good double sustained-release carrier.

OBJECTIVE: To synthesize water-soluble multi-walled carbon nanotubes-polyethyleneimine (MWCNTs-PEI) composite with low cytotoxicity and to lay a foundation for further research of loading drugs with carbon nanotubes. METHODS: MWCNTs-PEI composite was prepared by modifying carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs-COOH) with polyethylene (PEI), and then the composite was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, infrared spectra, UV spectra and thermalgravimetric analysis. The cytotoxicity of the composite on PC12 cells was measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT) assay to preliminarily evaluate its biocompatibility. RESULTS: The dissolubilities of MWCNTs-PEI and MWCNTs-COOH complexes were respectively 1.009 and 0.0601 mg · mL-1, and the former was about 16 times of the latter. The cytotoxicity of MWCNTs-PEI composite on PC 12 cells was significantly milder than that of MWCNTs-COOH composite as indicated by MTT assay (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: MWCNTs-PEI composite not only improves the dispersibility of carbon nanotubes, but also reduces its in vitro cell toxicity.

In recent years, the theory of cancer stem cells has provided a new perspective on the treatment of cancers including breast cancer. The accurate sorting of breast cancer stem cells is critical. The sorting procedure is consist of 4 steps: isolation of side population, serum-free suspension culture,determination of specific cell surface markers and of the activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 ( ALDH1 ) enzymatic through the ALDEFLUOR assay. Some studies choose drug resistance as an additional method for sorting cancer stem cells because of the enrichment of cancer stem cells after chemotherapy . The controversy about the sorting outcome of breast cancer stem cell mainly focus on molecular markers like CD44+ CD24- and ALDH1+ . The problem needed to be settled is to identify which sorting method and markers are appropriate.

The sequences of 5.8S rDNA and the flanking internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 and ITS2) were sequenced from hypha, fruit body and sclerotia of Grifola umbellata and its companion fungus. Their ITS sequences similarity was 99.36%. The results suggested that G. umbellata was closely related to its companion fungus.

Child ; Fibroma ; Humans ; Male ; Nasal Cavity ; pathology ; Nose Neoplasms

OBJECTIVE:To find the optimal suspending agent for compound sulfur lotion METHODS:The stability of compound sulfur lotions with different suspending agents was studied dynamically and rheologically RESULTS:Gum tragacanth had a satisfactory suspending effect with thixotropy Bentonite improved the stability of preparation but the thixotropy was changed The suspending property of bentonite was increased in combined use with benzalkonium bromide CONCLUSIO_N:Gum tragacanth and bentonite in combination with benzalkonium bromide are the suitable suspending agents for compound sulfur lotion

Objective To investigate the clinical and imaging features of cerebral cortical vein thrombosis (CoVT). Methods The clinical data of 13 inpatients with CoVT were enroled from September 2010 to September 2015. The etiology, clinical symptoms, imaging features, and differential diagnosis of CoVT w ere summarized and analyzed. Results Among the patients, there w ere 7 females (53.85%) and 6 males (46.15%). Their age ranged from 18 to 59 years (mean 34.23 ±12.08). The most common clinical manifestations were headache (9 patients) and seizures (9 patients). The 13 patients had cerebral parenchymal involvement and they al received anticoagulant therapy. Conclusions The clinical symptoms of CoVT are various. Seizures and headache are the most common symptoms. Most of patients are accompanied by brain parenchymal lesions and venous sinus thrombosis. When patients have headache and seizures, and head images suggest hemorrhagic infarction, imaging examination of the improvement of the cerebral venous system thrombosis is recommended.