The Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR) are in the abnormal situation of the central nervous system, especially in that of the medulla oblongate and pons. By using the Amon point, studies were performed on the relationship between the blood pressure and the dosage, and on the effect of controling the blood pressure of SHR in the prehypertensive stage.
Material and Method
Males in two weeks after birth were divided in three groups (6-8 each) and given a stimulating moxibustion on the Amon point analogus to that of human to SHR. The amount of the stimulation were dosed by the moxa of 0.01g per 10g body weight (BW) in T₁ group that of 0.005g per 10g BW in T₅ group. The control group was free from stimuration.
Result
More generous rise in blood pressure was observed in the stimulated group, especially a favarable result in T₅ group, concerning body weight, both treated groups showed significantly low compared to that of the control untill 129 days after birth. The organ weight of the adrenal and the cerebrum was significantly high in both the treated groups compared to those of the control. By assay of serum catecholamine, adrenaline in T₅ group was significantly low.
Discussion and Conclusion
Stimulating moxibustion was effective to the development of hypertension in SHR in the prehypertensive stage. Histologically, in the lungs of the treated groups, expressly in T₅ group, less fibrirous inframmation was observed. The stimulation may be considered to enhance somehow immunity. The dosage of the stimulation was considered to be not parallel to its effectiveness.

Objective: Research and development for drug discovery is time-consuming and expensive. Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, such as machine learning are attracting the attention of researchers as tools for efficiently advancing drug discovery. However, the use of AI technology requires a high amount of data, and the scope of application and accuracy of prediction depend on data quality. Therefore, the development of technology for efficiently collecting drug information data is required. The present examined an interactive AI system for extracting absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) data from clinical practice documents. Methods: Attachments for five drugs were collected from the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA) for properties influencing pharmacokinetics, including dosage, maximum concentration (Cmax), half-life (T1/2), time to peak drug concentration (Tmax), area under the curve (AUC), and clearance (CL). Data were collected directly from PDFs using ChatGPT Plus, SciSpace, and ChatPDF as interactive AI systems capable of performing this task, and variations in these properties were compared. In addition, we compared the variations in the prompting outputs. Results: ChatGPT Plus was able to retrieve some pharmacokinetic properties including the values in the tables, whereas SciSpace and ChatPDF were unable to retrieve pharmacokinetic information. In addition, the ChatGPT Plus output changed depending on the prompt, whereas the results obtained using SciSpace and ChatPDF did not change significantly based on the prompt. Therefore, ChatGPT Plus was the most appropriate system for collecting ADME data. Conclusion: Based on the results of collection of ADME characteristics from documents using the three interactive AI systems, ChatGPT Plus is the most effective method for obtaining the desired characteristics, although several issues need to be addressed. Interactive AI will be an indispensable technology for data collection in drug research, and could contribute significantly to drug discovery in the future.

Streptococcus pneumoniae (the pneumococcus) causes a major upper respiratory tract infection often leading to severe illness and death in the elderly. Thus, it is important to induce safe and effective mucosal immunity against this pathogen in order to prevent pnuemocaccal infection. However, this is a very difficult task to elicit protective mucosal IgA antibody responses in older individuals. A combind nasal adjuvant consisting of a plasmid encoding the Flt3 ligand cDNA (pFL) and CpG oligonucleotide (CpG ODN) successfully enhanced S. pneumoniae-specific mucosal immunity in aged mice. In particular, a pneumococcal surface protein A-based nasal vaccine given with pFL and CpG ODN induced complete protection from S. pneumoniae infection. These results show that nasal delivery of a combined DNA adjuvant offers an attractive potential for protection against the pneumococcus in the elderly.
Aged* ; Aging ; Animals ; Antibody Formation ; Bacterial Infections ; DNA ; DNA, Complementary ; Humans ; Immunity, Mucosal ; Immunoglobulin A ; Mice ; Mucous Membrane ; Plasmids ; Pneumococcal Infections* ; Pneumonia ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; Streptococcus pneumoniae ; Vaccination