No abstract available.
Hirschsprung Disease*

Clinical studies were performed on 32 cases of infectious cuoup prevailing in winter of 1975, admitted to department of pediatrics. The symptoms were critical and clinical course was more repidly progressed, so incidence of emergent tracheostomy was increased than previous years. Incidence of complicated Pulmonary disease was high, but prognosis was good relatively. According to these findings, specific prevalent viral infection was suspected, but identification of virus was not performed.
Croup* ; Incidence ; Lung Diseases ; Pediatrics ; Prognosis ; Tracheostomy

This is the clinical studies of 171cases of acute poisoning in pediatric age which were visited at the emergency room of Han-gang Sacred Heart Hospital during the past 2 years and 5 months (Apr., 1974~Aug., 1976). The results were summerized as followings; 1. The incidence of acute poisoning among the emergency pediatric patients were 2.3%(171/7,310). 2. The sex ratio of male to female was 1.5:1. 3. The peak age group was 2 to 5 years of age (41.5%). 4. The peak incidence in a year was shown in August (17.5%) with prominence in summer season (47.3%). 5. The accidental poisoning was occured the most frequently from 4: 00 P.M. to 8:00P.M. during the day. 6. The motive of poisoning was mainly accidental causes (85.9%). 7. The most frequent causative substances were insecticides (29.8%) and then rodenticides (14%), D.D.S. (8.8%), reserpine (4.1%) were the next causes. 8. RH-787 poisoning were occured in 4 cases with the complication of diabetes mellitus 2 cases. 9. In poisonous plants, there were azalea (Rhododendron) poisoning (4 cases) and Gingko biloba Linne fruit poisoning (1 case).
Child* ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Emergencies ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Female ; Fruit ; Ginkgo biloba ; Heart ; Humans ; Incidence ; Insecticides ; Male ; Plants, Toxic ; Poisoning* ; Reserpine ; Rodenticides ; Seasons ; Sex Ratio

Overexpression of the MDR1 gene product, P-glycoprotein (Pgp), has been shown to be one of the mechanism underlying the development of mutidrug resistance in bladder cancer. Recently, mutant p53 has been shown to stimulate the P-glycoprotein and to being strongly associated with tumor progression and malignant biological behavior, whereas wild-type p53 repressed this activity. To evaluate the correlation of p53 expression with P-glycoprotein, to study expression pattern of two parameters according to histologic grade, tumor stage and recurrence, we examined expression of p53 and Pgp in paraffin-embedded tissues from 59 transitional cell carcinoma of bladder. Expressions of p53 and Pgp Protein were detected by immunohistochemical analysis using the monoclonal antibody BP53.12 and JSB-1. Among the cases of 59 patients, 36 were from patients of superficial bladder cancer, 23 were from invasive bladder cancer. Median follow-up duration was 31.8 months (1~55 months). The results were as follow: 1. p53 was detected in 34% (20/59), and Pgp in 42% (25/59) of the bladder cancer. 2. Eight out of the 20 specimens with p53 positive stain expressed positive Pgp expression, as compared to 17 out of the 39 specimens without p53 positive stain. This result showed that Pgp expression was not associated with p53 expression (p=0.98), suggesting that mutant p53 does not induce Pgp expression in bladder cancer. 3. Seven of 12 patients with p53 positive stain revealed tumor recurrence, whereas 2 of 24 patients without p53 positive stain showed recurrence in superficial bladder cancer. There ia s significant correlation between p53 expression and recurrence (p=0.0025). 4. Expression of p53 and Pgp showed enhanced positive tendency according to higher clinicopathological stage, but difference was not statistically significant. Also positivity of Pgp expression according to histologic grade was observed significantly higher in case with high grade tumors (14/25, 56%) than in case with low grade tumors (10/34, 29%) (p=0.03). These results show that superficial bladder cancers exhibiting expression of p53 protein are associated with a higher rate of recurrence. This study also suggests that Pgp expression is significantly more common in higher grade, and mutant p53 does not induce Pgp expression in bladder cancer.
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; P-Glycoprotein* ; Recurrence ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms* ; Urinary Bladder*

No abstract available.
Anoxia* ; Neurons*

We have recently experienced a case of intramedullary ependymoma in the upper thoracic spinal cord. A 46 years old man was admitted to our Department of Neurosurgery because of spastic paraplegia and disturbance of urination since 6 years ago when the disability developed rather abruptly. Myelogram showed a subtotal block of the dye column at the level of T-3 intervertebral space about where a fusiform enlargement of the cord was shadowed. Opening the duramater after total laminectomy performd through C7 to T3, a markedly swallen and enlarged spinal cord was under a great pressure. Spinal cord was paper thin and fully filled with a massive tumor inside of it. The intrameduallary tumor was mushroomed out on dorsal myelotomy. Histological study was verified to be ependymoma. The patient has not shown any improvement of neurological deficits in postoperative period.
Agaricales ; Ependymoma* ; Humans ; Laminectomy ; Middle Aged ; Neurosurgery ; Paraplegia ; Postoperative Period ; Spinal Cord* ; Urination

The cryopreservation of Red Blood Cells has many advantages of which the most important one is that it can be stored for a long period. However, in Korea, Research regarding frozen blood is still in its early stage. We evaluated the effects of transfusion of the frozen-thawed RBCs in dogs. The whole bloods were collected from 5 dogs, and the packed RBCs were obtained by centrifugation method. We made the frozen RBCs by using 40% glycerol method and stored it in -80 degrees C refrigerate for 1 month. The frozen RBCs were thawed in the 37 degrees C water bath and washed by Cell washer according to the standard protocol, and evaluated the status of them being compared with that of the unfrozen. The majorirty of the results were satisfactory to the allowable limit except high plasma hemoglobin and potassium. The frozen-thawed bloods were transfused to the two dogs and carefully observed the effects and its complications. The results were that the average value of the hemoglobin was elevated about 0.6g/dL more after transfusion than before, and there were no significant complication related to the transfusion. Thus, The frozen thawed blood transfusions in case of the experiment with dogs were proved to be safe and as effective as fresh blood, and The above method appeared to be feasible to human blood.
Animals ; Baths ; Blood Transfusion ; Centrifugation ; Cryopreservation ; Dogs* ; Erythrocytes ; Glycerol ; Humans ; Korea ; Plasma ; Potassium ; Water

No abstract available.
Phlebography*

Prader-Willi syndrome is characterized by such as infantile hypotonia, mental retardation hyperphagia with obesity and hypogonadism. We experienced one case of so called Prader-Willi syndrome associated with hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism, hypomentia, hyperphagia with obesity and cryptochism. Testicular biopsy revealed predominant Sertoli cells, decreased spermatogonia and edematous stromal tissue.
Biopsy ; Hyperphagia ; Hypogonadism ; Intellectual Disability ; Muscle Hypotonia ; Obesity ; Prader-Willi Syndrome* ; Sertoli Cells ; Spermatogonia

PURPOSE: To evaluate influences associated with radiation treatment planning obtained with the patient breathing freely. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We compared reduction or elimination of planning target volume (PTV) margins with 2-D conventional plan with inclusion of PTV margins associated with breathing with 3-D conformal therapy. The respiratory non gated 3-D conformal treatment plans were compared with respiratory gated conventional 2-D plans in 4 patients with hepatocellular carcinomas. Isodose distribution, dose statistics, and dose volume histogram (DVH) of PTVs were used to evaluate differences between respiratory gated conventional 2-D plans and respiratory non gated 3-D conformal treatment plans. In addition, the risk of radiation exposure of surrounding normal liver and organs are evaluated by means of DVH and normal tissue complication probabilities (NTCPs). RESULTS: The vertical movement of liver ranged 2-3 cm in all patients. We found no difference between respiratory gated 2-D plans and 3-D conformal treatment plans with the patients breathing freely. Treatment planning using DVH analysis of PTV and the normal liver was used for all patients. DVH and calculated NTCP showed no difference in respiratory gated 2-D plans and respiratory non gated 3-D conformal treatment plans. CONCLUSION: Respiratory gated radiation therapy was very important in hepatic tumors because radiation induced hepatitis was dependent on remaining normal liver volume. Further investigational studies for respiratory gated radiation treatment combined with 3-D conformal treatment are required.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Liver ; Respiration