Recent reports suggest that the responses of the detrusor muscle to the hypogastric nerve stimulation and some autonomic drugs may not be identical among various species. In this study, the responses of the isolated detrusor muscle strips of the Amyda Japonica and the rabbit to catecholamines were compared, and the type of the adrenergic-receptors was investigated. The results obtained were as follows : 1. Catecholamines (norepinephrine and epinephrine) evoked only contraction in the isolated detrusor muscle of the Amyda Japonica and relaxation in the preparation of the rabbit. 2. The contraction-response in the Amyda Japonica was blocked in the presence of regitine, an adrenergic alpha-receptor blocking agent. 3. The relaxation-response in the rabbit was abolished by pre-treatment with propranolol, an adrenergic beta-receptor blocking agent. 4. Acetylcholine elicited contraction in both of the isolated detrusor muscle strips of the Amyda japonica and the rabbit, and the response was completely blocked in the presence of atropine. 5. The results described above suggest that catecholamines exert excitatory effect on the detrusor muscle of the Amyda japonica as it contains adrenergic alpha-receptors and inhibitory effect on the same preparation of the rabbit as it contains the adrenergic beta-receptors. Key Word : amyda japonica,alpha receptor, beta receptor.
Acetylcholine ; Atropine ; Autonomic Agents* ; Catecholamines ; Phentolamine ; Propranolol ; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta ; Relaxation

No abstract available.
Animals ; Humans ; Rats* ; Regeneration* ; Urinary Bladder*

No abstract available.
Urodynamics*

We tried to analyze the status of 10 units of frozen thawed apheresis platelet concentration by 6% DMSO method for the evaluation of practical applicability. The platelet concentrations were transferred to PL-732(Baxter, USA) cryopreservation bag, and DMSO is added to those bag at slow rate until expected final 6% concentration is achieved, thereafter those were directly placed to -80 degrees C refrigerator for freezing. Someday later from I week to 1 month, those were thawed at 37 degrees C water bath, and then washed by same volume of ABO matched plasma. In the course of cryopreservation, about 7% of platelets were lost and the mean recovery rate of platelet was 93% compared with those of unfrozen status. LDH, the values of platelet lysis, and pH were within normal limits, whereas platelet aggregation test shows decreased aggregation to collagen and ristocetine compared with those of unfrozen status(p<0.05) but they were clinically acceptable. We suggest that the frozen platelets may be useful in a some clinical situation such as hematologic malignancy and solid tumor by autologous transfusion.
Baths ; Blood Component Removal ; Blood Platelets* ; Collagen ; Cryopreservation* ; Dimethyl Sulfoxide* ; Freezing ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Plasma ; Platelet Aggregation ; Ristocetin ; Water

The incidence of acute urinary retention in females is very low but the causes are diverse. So, it is important to verify the causative diseases trough history taking, physical examination including neurologic tests and it is essential to find adequate therapeutic modalities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We experienced 45 female patients who visited under the chief complaint of acute urinary retention and reviewed, evaluated retrospectively or prospectively during 4 years. The patients are divided 1) transient causes: immobilization after surgery, constipation, medications, herpes zoster, psychogenic causes 2) neurologic causes: cerebral concussion, peripheral neuropathy, brain tumor, herniated nucleus pulposus, spinal cord injury, previously undiagnosed diabetes 3) pelvic causes: difficult labor, uterine prolapse,, pelvic bone tumor, vaginal invasion of rectal cancer, imperforate hymen. RESULTS: Screening test were done through physical examination, history taking, routine urinalysis. Most patients recovered voiding after correction of underlying diseases. CONCLUSIONS: The patients who showed persistent retention were further evaluated through neurologic tests, urodynamics, pelvic ultrasonography and serious diseases as blain tumor, polyneuritis, metastaic pelvic bone tumor were diagnosed.
Brain Concussion ; Brain Neoplasms ; Constipation ; Female* ; Herpes Zoster ; Humans ; Hymen ; Immobilization ; Incidence ; Mass Screening ; Neuritis ; Pelvic Bones ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; Physical Examination ; Prospective Studies ; Rectal Neoplasms ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; Ultrasonography ; Urinalysis ; Urinary Retention* ; Urodynamics ; Uterine Prolapse

No abstract available.

Pheochromocytoma is one of the surgically curable hypertensive syndrome and may arise wherever chromaffin cells are located. A case of a left large adrenal pheochromocytoma developed in a 49 year old male is presented with brief review of literatures.
Chromaffin Cells ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pheochromocytoma*

Various clinical evaluations in urological aspects were performed on 100 renal transplantations in the Department of Urology, Kosin Medical College from December 1984 to August l988. The following results were obtained. 1. Year distributions were as follows : 1 case was done in 1984, 5 cases in 1986, 31 cases in 1986, 30 cases in 1987, 33 cases in 1988. 2. Of 100 donors 44 cases were male and 56 cases were female. Sixth decade was most common. Of 100 recipients 71 cases were male and 29 cases were female. Fourth decade was must common. 3. Of all living-related donors 89 cases were related donors and 11 cases were unrelated donors. 4. The most common underlying renal disease requiring transplantation was chronic glomerulonephritis (90%) and reflux nephropathy was 2 cases(2 %). 5. All surgical approaches of donor nephrectomy were flank incision, usually with removal of 12th rib(59%). Selected kidney side was follow : 79 cases were left side and 21 cases was right side. 6. The ureteroneocystostomy was performed with modified Politano-Leadbetter method in initial 3 cases and extravesical Mac Kinnon method in 97 cases. 7. Our incidence of urological complications in 100 renal transplantations was 8%(8 cases). 6 cases were ureteral obstructions due to perinephric hematoma, 1 case was ureterotaneous fistula and 1 cases was bladder leakage. 8. Our incidence of complications in 100 donor nephrectomy was 3%(3 cases). 1 case was pleural effusion, 1 case was atelectasis and 1 case was perforation of stomach. 9. Results and prognosis in complicated cases were good.
Female ; Fistula ; Glomerulonephritis ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Incidence ; Kidney ; Kidney Transplantation* ; Male ; Nephrectomy ; Pleural Effusion ; Prognosis ; Pulmonary Atelectasis ; Stomach ; Tissue Donors ; Unrelated Donors ; Ureteral Obstruction ; Urinary Bladder ; Urology

A clinical study was made on 126 cases of ureterolithiasis during the 5 years period from January, 1976 to December, 1980. The following results were obtained. 1. The incidence of the patients with ureterolithiasis was 8.8% of the total inpatients. 2. There were 92 men and 34 women, a ratio of 2.7:1. The ages of the patients ranged from 18 to 72 years. showing the highest incidence in 21 to 50 years (74.6%). 3. The most frequent location of the ureteral calculi when first seen was the lower third of the ureter in 53.7% of the patients. The ureteral calculi were approximately equally frequent on the left and right sides and bilateral ureteral calculi were found in 4.8%. 4. The most common size of the ureteral calculi was 0.7-1.0 cm in the longitudinal diameter in 43 cases (34.1%). 5. The clinical symptoms of ureterolithiasis were flank pain in 94.4%, hematuria in 14.3%, referred pain in 9.5%, nausea and vomiting in 7.9%, frequency in 7.1% and fever with chillness in 7.1%. 6. Microscopic hematuria was found in 68.9%, pyuria in 27.1% and crystalluria in 15.6%. 7. Increased levels of BUN, creatinine, calcium and uric acid in serum were found in 18.4%, 8.3%, 1.2% and 10.3%, respectively. And leukocytosis was found in 25.5%. 8. Excretory urogram revealed mild hydronephrosis in 28.7%, moderate hydronephrosis in 21.8%, marked hydronephrosis in 10.3%. non-visualization in 11.5%, delayed visualization in 13.8% and nephrogram only in 6.9%. 9. Definite past history of urinary calculi was found in 14 cases (11.1%) and average duration of recurrence was 5.5 years. 10. Treatment consisted of surgical intervention in 71.4%, expectant therapy in 17.6%, instrumental manipulation in 2.4% and spontaneous passage in 8.7%. 11. Postoperative complications occurred in 6 cases (6.7%), i.e., a remnant stone with ureterocutaneous urinary leakage in 2 cases, wound infection in 2 cases, ureterocutaneous urinary leakage in 1 case. unimproved uremia in 1 case. 12. The chemical analysis of 42 ureteral calculi showed the mixed type of calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate in 10 cases (23.8%), calcium oxalate in 7 cases (16.7%),calcium phosphate in 6 cases (14.3%), the mixed type of calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate and magnesium phosphate in 6 cases (14.3%), the mixed type of calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate and uric acid in 3 cases (7.1 %). The major components of ureteral calculi were calcium phosphate and calcium oxalate.
Calcium ; Calcium Oxalate ; Creatinine ; Female ; Fever ; Flank Pain ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Incidence ; Inpatients ; Leukocytosis ; Magnesium ; Male ; Nausea ; Pain, Referred ; Postoperative Complications ; Pyuria ; Recurrence ; Uremia ; Ureter ; Ureteral Calculi ; Ureterolithiasis* ; Uric Acid ; Urinary Calculi ; Urolithiasis ; Vomiting ; Wound Infection

The exact analysis of urinary stones is very important to the study of the etiology of stone formation, prevention of recurrence and medical treatment. We Have analyzed 260 urinary stones obtained form 260 patients by X-ray diffraction method and studied the relationships of stone compositions to stone sites, patient age, sex and stone weight. The following results were obtained : 1. In this study 7 crystalline compositions of urinary stones were observed : Calcium oxalate monohydrate, Calcium oxalate dihydrate, Magnesium ammonium phosphate, Calcium magnesium phosphate, calcium phosphate, Uric acid and cystine. 2. Single composition stones were slightly more in number than mixed composition stones. Of 260 stones, 192(74%) were mainly composed of calcium oxalate, 38(14.4%) of magnesium ammonium phosphate, 19(7.3%) of calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate, 10(3.9%) of uric acid and 1(0.4%) of cystine. 3. Calcium oxalate stones was the most common of all the urinary stones and that comprised 80.7%(96) of all renal stones, 93.5%(86) of all ureteral stones, 46.2%(18) of all bladder stones and 100%(9) of all urethral stones. 4. Of 181 patients, ranged 30 to 59 years old who comprised 70% of all patients, 149(82.3 % of 181 patients) had calcium oxalate stones. 5. The ratio of the occurrence of magnesium ammonium phosphate to all renal or bladder stones from females was higher than that from males. 6 Of 27 stones weighed more than 10gm, 14(52%) were mainly composed of magnesium ammonium phosphate, and 10(37%) of calcium oxalate.
Ammonium Compounds ; Calcium ; Calcium Oxalate ; Crystallins ; Cystine ; Female ; Humans ; Magnesium ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Recurrence ; Ureter ; Uric Acid ; Urinary Bladder Calculi ; Urinary Calculi* ; X-Ray Diffraction