1.A seroepidemiological study of Tsutsugamushi disease in ryral population in Korea.
Korean Journal of Infectious Diseases 1991;23(1):13-17
No abstract available.
Korea*
;
Scrub Typhus*
;
Seroepidemiologic Studies*
2.State Anger, Depression, Resilience and Self-esteem According to School Violence Type of Elementary School Students.
Yong Mi LEE ; So Young PAK ; Myeong Hui CHOE
Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education 2015;21(2):246-255
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in the states of anger, depression, resilience and self-esteem according to type of school violence involving elementary school students. METHODS: The participants were 257 elementary school students in the 4th, 5th and 6th grades. Data was collected by structured questionnaires, and analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi2-test, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficients with the SPSS/WIN 20.0 program. RESULTS: There were significant differences among the states of anger (Fs=16.66, p<.001), depression (Fs=18.04, p<.001), resilience (F=12.77, p<.001) and self-esteem (F=10.39, p<.001) according to the type of school violence. Of all the groups, bully-victim exhibited the highest score for anger and depression, and the lowest score for resilience and self-esteem. CONCLUSION: Based on the findings, developing intervention programs that consider the psychological characteristics of elementary school students is necessary. Also, the results of this study suggest that integrative programs for students that can enhance resilience and self-esteem, such as self-discovery programs, and reduce anger, such as anger control programs, need to be developed.
Anger*
;
Depression*
;
Humans
;
Surveys and Questionnaires
;
Resilience, Psychological
;
Violence*
3.Introduction to Autoimmune Disease.
Journal of the Korean Medical Association 2009;52(7):638-644
The immune system maintains the integrity of our bodies by warding off intruding microorganisms, but by sustaining tolerance to our own tissues. The immunologic tolerance is established by several layers of safeguards, including physical elimination of self-reactive lymphocytes during their development in the central lymphoid organs, anergy induction in autoreactive lymphocytes before their emigration to the periphery, or production regulatory T lymphocytes that suppress the activation, proliferation, and differentiation of various effector cells. The major regulatory T lymphocytes display their phenotype as CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) and constitute about 10% of the peripheral T lymphocytes. Even with these safeguards, the immunologic tolerance sometimes fails and generates autoimmune diseases. Scientists studying the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases pay particular attention to a CD4(+) T lymphocytes subset, Th17 lymphocytes, distinct from Th1 and Th2. Th17 produces diverse proinflammatory cytokines including IL-17 and TNF-alpha. Th17 and these cytokines are causatively associated with many episodes of autoimmune diseases. Accumulated data reveal the critical role of Th17 cells in the pathology of autoimmunity and portray them as an important target in the treatment of various autoimmune diseases. In this article, we will describe the main characteristics of regulatory T cells and Th17 cells and their cellular and molecular mechanisms of protective or destructive functions, respectively.
Autoimmune Diseases
;
Autoimmunity
;
Cytokines
;
Emigration and Immigration
;
Immune System
;
Interleukin-17
;
Lymphocytes
;
Phenotype
;
T-Lymphocytes
;
T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory
;
Th17 Cells
;
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
4.Introduction to Autoimmune Disease.
Journal of the Korean Medical Association 2009;52(7):638-644
The immune system maintains the integrity of our bodies by warding off intruding microorganisms, but by sustaining tolerance to our own tissues. The immunologic tolerance is established by several layers of safeguards, including physical elimination of self-reactive lymphocytes during their development in the central lymphoid organs, anergy induction in autoreactive lymphocytes before their emigration to the periphery, or production regulatory T lymphocytes that suppress the activation, proliferation, and differentiation of various effector cells. The major regulatory T lymphocytes display their phenotype as CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) and constitute about 10% of the peripheral T lymphocytes. Even with these safeguards, the immunologic tolerance sometimes fails and generates autoimmune diseases. Scientists studying the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases pay particular attention to a CD4(+) T lymphocytes subset, Th17 lymphocytes, distinct from Th1 and Th2. Th17 produces diverse proinflammatory cytokines including IL-17 and TNF-alpha. Th17 and these cytokines are causatively associated with many episodes of autoimmune diseases. Accumulated data reveal the critical role of Th17 cells in the pathology of autoimmunity and portray them as an important target in the treatment of various autoimmune diseases. In this article, we will describe the main characteristics of regulatory T cells and Th17 cells and their cellular and molecular mechanisms of protective or destructive functions, respectively.
Autoimmune Diseases
;
Autoimmunity
;
Cytokines
;
Emigration and Immigration
;
Immune System
;
Interleukin-17
;
Lymphocytes
;
Phenotype
;
T-Lymphocytes
;
T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory
;
Th17 Cells
;
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
5.Epidemiology of HIV infection in the Republic of Korea.
Journal of Korean Medical Science 1999;14(5):469-474
Since the first case of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the Republic of Korea (ROK) was detected in 1985, 876 HIV-infected patients have been reported, as of December 1998. The male to female ratio was 6.8:1, and 87% of the patients were between 20 and 49 years of age. The major modes of transmission were sexual contacts, accounting for 86% of the cases (65% heterosexuals and 21% homosexuals). Transmission through blood and blood products accounted for 28 cases (3.2%), and vertical transmission for one case. No cases among intravenous drug abusers were reported. The seroprevalence among the blood donors was approximately one in 100,000. Subtypes A, B, C, D, E, and G of HIV-1 have been introduced into the ROK, and subtype B is the most predominant subtype. The frequency of the a deletion in the CCR5 gene, a coreceptor of HIV-1, was less than 1% among Koreans.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/transmission
;
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/genetics
;
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/epidemiology*
;
Adolescence
;
Adult
;
Age Distribution
;
Aged
;
Blood Donors/statistics & numerical data
;
Child
;
Child, Preschool
;
Disease Transmission, Horizontal/statistics & numerical data
;
Disease Transmission, Horizontal/prevention & control
;
Female
;
HIV Seroprevalence
;
HIV-1/genetics
;
HIV-1/classification
;
Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data
;
Human
;
Infant
;
Infant, Newborn
;
Korea/epidemiology
;
Male
;
Middle Age
;
Military Personnel/statistics & numerical data
;
Mutation
;
Receptors, CCR5/genetics
;
Sex Distribution
6.Adhesion of CD40-stimulated Germinal Center B Cells to HK Cells Employs the CD11a/CD18-CD54 Interactions.
Immune Network 2003;3(3):176-181
BACKGROUND: The molecular basis of follicular dendritic cells (FDC)-germinal center (GC) B cell interaction is largely unknown, although this cellular interaction is thought to be important for the whole process of GC B cell differentiation. METHODS: Using FDC-like cells, HK, and highly purified GC B cells, we attempted to identify the molecules that play critical roles in the interactions between FDC and B cells. GC B cells were co-cultured with HK cells and soluble CD154 in the presence or absence of various function-blocking monoclonal antibodies to examine their effect on GC B cell binding to HK cells and B cell proliferation. RESULTS: Anti-CD11a and anti-CD54 antibodies inhibited GC B cell binding to HK cells while anti-CD49d and anti-CD106 antibodies did not. GC B cell proliferation was not impaired by the disruption of GC B cell-HK cell adherence. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that CD11a/CD18-CD54 interactions play an important roles in the initial binding of GC B cells to FDC and diffusible growth factors from FDC may be responsible the massive proliferation of GC B cells.
Antibodies
;
Antibodies, Monoclonal
;
B-Lymphocytes*
;
Cell Communication
;
Cell Differentiation
;
Cell Proliferation
;
Dendritic Cells, Follicular
;
Germinal Center*
;
Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
7.Seroprevalence of HIV Infection in Patients with Sexually Transmitted Diseases.
Myoung Don OH ; Namjoong KIM ; Yangsoo KIM ; Kyongran PECK ; Kangwon CHOE
Korean Journal of Infectious Diseases 1998;30(1):94-96
To assess the prevalence of HIV infection in patients with sexually-transmitted diseases(STD), we screened STD patients who visited STD clinics in Seoul area during the period of April 1993-Octorber 1993. Blood samples were collected by unlinked anonymous method, and antibodies against HIV were screened. Fi-ve hundred and thirty patients with STD werescreened. Median age of the patients was 23 year. Male to female ratio was 1:2.8. None of the patients had HIV antibody. The prevalence of HIV infection in STD patients was estimated to be less than 5%.
Anonyms and Pseudonyms
;
Antibodies
;
Female
;
HIV Infections*
;
HIV*
;
Humans
;
Male
;
Prevalence
;
Seoul
;
Seroepidemiologic Studies*
;
Sexually Transmitted Diseases*
8.Effects of a Social Skills Training Program on Problem Behaviors, Social Skill, and Peer Relationship in Children using a Community Child Center at Vulnerable Area.
Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing 2015;24(3):156-167
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of using a social skills training program to address problem behaviors, social skill, and peer relationship in children using a community child center in a vulnerable area. METHODS: The research design was a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study. Participants in the experimental group were 25 children, recruited from a community child center in G-city. Participants in the control group were 25 children, recruited from a community child center in S-city. Data were collected from September, 2014 to January, 2015. Outcomes were measured using the Child Problem-Behavior Screening Questionnaire (CPSQ), Social Skill Rating System (SSRS), and Peer Relational Skills Scale (PRSS). The experimental group participated in the social skills training weekly for 10 weeks. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 18.0 program. RESULTS: Significant differences were found in problem behaviors, social skills, and peer relationship scores between the two groups. CONCLUSION: This social skills training program was found to be effective in reducing problem behaviors and improving the social skill and peer relationship of these children, and is recommended for use in community health services as an effective nursing intervention for children in vulnerable areas.
Child*
;
Community Health Services
;
Education*
;
Humans
;
Mass Screening
;
Nursing
;
Peer Group
;
Research Design
;
Social Behavior*
9.Fatty acid analysis and regulatory effects of citron (Citrus junos Sieb. ex TANAKA) seed oil on nitric oxide production, lipid accumulation, and leptin secretion.
Tae Woo KIM ; Kyoung Kon KIM ; Yun Hwan KANG ; Dae Jung KIM ; Myeon CHOE
Journal of Nutrition and Health 2014;47(4):221-228
PURPOSE: Citron seed oil (CSO) has been reported to have high antioxidant activity. However, the composition and other biologically activities of CSO have not been reported. In this study, we confirmed the fatty acid composition of CSO, which may be beneficial to vascular disease and obesity. METHODS: We investigated the oil composition of CSO using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, and cytotoxicity was confirmed by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Nitric oxide (NO) production in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was measured using Griess reagent, and lipid accumulation and leptin secretion in 3T3-L1 cells were measured by Oil-Red O staining and commercial ELISA kit, respectively. RESULTS: GC-MS analysis indicated that CSO contains several components, including linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, linolenic acid, palmitoleic acid, and arachidic acid. In physiological activity analysis, CSO did not induce cytotoxic effects in HUVECs and 3T3-L1 cells. Further, CSO significantly induced nitric oxide and leptin secretion as well as inhibited lipid accumulation. CONCLUSION: CSO increased NO release, inhibited lipid accumulation, and induced leptin secretion, suggesting it may be useful for the management of vessels and weight gain. Although further studies are required to investigate the safety and mechanism of action of CSO, our results show that the composition and physiological activity of CSO are sufficient for its use as functional edible oil.
3T3-L1 Cells
;
alpha-Linolenic Acid
;
Cell Count
;
Chromatography, Gas
;
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
;
Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells
;
Leptin*
;
Linoleic Acid
;
Mass Spectrometry
;
Nitric Oxide*
;
Obesity
10.Preferential production of IgM-secreting hybridomas by immunization with DNA vaccines coding for Ebola virus glycoprotein: use of protein boosting for IgG-secreting hybridoma production.
Si Hyeong LEE ; Baek Sang HAN ; Jongseon CHOE ; Jeong Im SIN
Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research 2017;6(2):135-145
PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to investigate the utility of DNA vaccines encoding Ebola virus glycoprotein (GP) as a vaccine type for the production of GP-specific hybridomas and antibodies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: DNA vaccines were constructed to express Ebola virus GP. Mice were injected with GP DNA vaccines and their splenocytes were used for hybridoma production. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), limiting dilution subcloning, antibody purification methods, and Western blot assays were used to select GP-specific hybridomas and purify monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) from the hybridoma cells. RESULTS: Twelve hybridomas, the cell supernatants of which displayed GP-binding activity, were selected by ELISA. When purified MAbs from 12 hybridomas were tested for their reactivity to GP, 11 MAbs, except for 1 MAb (from the A6-9 hybridoma) displaying an IgG2a type, were identified as IgM isotypes. Those 11 MAbs failed to recognize GP. However, the MAb from A6-9 recognized the mucin-like region of GP and remained reactive to the antigen at the lowest tested concentration (1.95 ng/mL). This result suggests that IgM-secreting hybridomas are predominantly generated by DNA vaccination. However, boosting with GP resulted in greater production of IgG-secreting hybridomas than GP DNA vaccination alone. CONCLUSION: DNA vaccination may preferentially generate IgM-secreting hybridomas, but boosting with the protein antigen can reverse this propensity. Thus, this protein boosting approach may have implications for the production of IgG-specific hybridomas in the context of the DNA vaccination platform. In addition, the purified monoclonal IgG antibodies may be useful as therapeutic antibodies for controlling Ebola virus infection.
Animals
;
Antibodies
;
Antibodies, Monoclonal
;
Antibody Formation
;
Blotting, Western
;
Clinical Coding*
;
DNA*
;
Ebolavirus*
;
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
;
Glycoproteins*
;
Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola
;
Hybridomas*
;
Immunization*
;
Immunoglobulin G
;
Immunoglobulin M
;
Mice
;
Vaccination
;
Vaccines, DNA*