Objective To assess the relationship of ankle brachial index (ABI) with the other traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods A total of 2005 participants with a full data were selected from the survey of risk factors for CVD, carried out in Wuming, Guangxi province, 2004. The relationship of ABI with the other risk factors of CVD was analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression (backward stepwise; probability for stepwise, entry:0.05, removal:0.10). T test used in participants having risk factors vs the normal participants. The risk factors of CVD include age, sex, hypertension, high total cholesterol (HTC), high fasting plasma glucose (high FPG), low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (low HDL-C), overweight or obesity, cigarette smoking, etc. Results The mean ABI values were significant in the groups having risk factors of overweight or obesity (P=0.02), low HDL-C (P= 0.04) and cigarette smoking (P