1.Angiogenesis effects of nerve growth factor (NGF) on rat corneas.
Kangmoon SEO ; Jongil CHOI ; Myungjin PARK ; Changhun RHEE
Journal of Veterinary Science 2001;2(2):125-130
This study was performed to evaluate the effects of nerve growth factor (NGF) upon angiogenesis in the rat cornea, to examine its possible application as an alternative angiogenic inducer and to provide basic data for further studies. Angiogenesis was induced by cornea micropocket assay, as previously described. Eight of thirty two eyes of Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to one of four groups, namely, a non-NGF group (Group 0), a 0.5 ng of NGF group (Group 0.5), a 1.0 ng of NGF group (Group 1.0) and a 5.0 ng of NGF group (Group 5.0). Pellets made of poly-2-hydroxylethylmethacrylate and sucralfate were implanted into the corneal stroma no closer than 1 mm from the limbus. After the implantation, the number of new vessels, vessel length and circumferential neovascularization were examined daily under the surgical microscope over a period of 7 days. The area of neovascularization was determined using a mathematical formula. Although new vessels in Group 0 and Group 0.5 were first observed at day 5, those of Groups 1.0 and 5.0 were first noted on days 4 and 3, respectively. However, the growth rates of new vessels in Groups 1.0 and 5.0 were higher than those of Groups 0 and 0.5 with the passage of time. The number, length, circumferential neovascularization and areas covered by the vessels in Groups 1.0 and 5.0 were significantly more than in Group 0 and Group 0.5 (p<0.05). This study showed that NGF had a dose-dependent angiogenic effects on the rat cornea and that the minimal effective dose of NGF was 1.0 ng per cornea. Also, it showed that NGF would be useful in angiogenic studies as an alternative angiogenic inducer.
Angiogenesis Inducing Agents/*toxicity
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Animals
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Cornea/blood supply/*drug effects
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Corneal Neovascularization/*chemically induced
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Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
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Female
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Male
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Nerve Growth Factor/*toxicity
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Random Allocation
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Rats
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Rats, Sprague-Dawley
2.Assessment of retinal degeneration with optical coherence tomography in a dog.
Dongbeom JI ; Sukjong YOO ; Kangmoon SEO ; Manbok JEONG
Korean Journal of Veterinary Research 2013;53(2):137-141
To report retinal image of in a 6-year-old male castrated poodle dog with a 2-month history of nyctalopia using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Ocular reflexes were present in both eyes and slit lamp examination showed anterior subscapular cataract in the right eye. There were fundus abnormalities in both eyes similar to retinal degeneration. Scotopic electroretinograms (ERGs) revealed significantly subabnormal amplitudes and prolonged implicit time, whereas photopic ERGs were better maintained, although far from normal. OCT of affected dogs revealed generalized retinal thinning much more than a normal age-matched dog. Therefore, OCT scanning is considered to be a useful method for retinal evaluation in dogs with retinal degeneration.
Animals
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Cataract
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Dogs
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Electroretinography
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Eye
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Humans
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Male
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Night Blindness
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Reflex
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Retinal Degeneration
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Retinaldehyde
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Tomography, Optical Coherence
3.Multiple congenital ocular defects in a Bedlington terrier dog.
Sukjong YOO ; Dongbeom JI ; Hwiyool KIM ; Kangmoon SEO ; Manbok JEONG
Korean Journal of Veterinary Research 2013;53(2):133-136
To report multiple congenital ocular defects in a Bedlington terrier dog aged 2.5 months with blindness. Routine ophthalmic examinations were performed for the clinical signs. Menace responses and cotton ball test were absent in both eyes (OU), but pupillary light reflexes were normal in OU. Slit lamp biomicroscopy reveled corneal dystrophy, posterior subcapsular cataract, microphthalmia in OU and lenticular coloboma in the right eye. In indirect ophthalmoscopy and ultrasonography, retinal detachment and posterior lenticonus were shown in OU. It is the first report of lenticular coloboma and posterior lenticonus in a Bedlington terrier dog.
Aged
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Animals
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Blindness
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Cataract
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Coloboma
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Dogs
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Eye
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Humans
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Light
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Microphthalmos
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Ophthalmoscopy
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Reflex
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Retinal Detachment
4.Deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty of dog eyes using the big-bubble technique.
Soohyun KIM ; Ji Yoon KWAK ; Manbok JEONG ; Kangmoon SEO
Journal of Veterinary Science 2016;17(3):347-352
This study was conducted to establish the feasibility of corneal transplantation using the big-bubble technique (BBT) to perform deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) in three dogs. After the cornea was trephined 750 µm, 4 mL of air was injected, and the blanched stroma was removed to expose Descemet's membrane (DM). The donor corneal button, which was gently stripped off the DM, was sutured onto the bare DM of the recipient cornea. The dogs received topical antibiotics every 6 h for 7 days and 2% cyclosporine ointment every 12 h for 1 month. The eyes were examined post-operatively at 7, 14, 21, 28 and 150 days. The central portion of the transplanted cornea stayed transparent while corneal haze developed around the transplanted margin. Menace response was normal even though the transplanted cornea was edematous until 3 weeks after surgery. A marginal haze was rarely observed between the donor and recipient corneas at 150 days after the operation. A spotted haze developed in the central part of the deep stroma near the DM. Upon histopathological examination, the stroma and epithelium of the donor cornea had normal structures. Corneal transplantation using DALK with BBT can be performed in dogs preserving the healthy endothelium.
Animals
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Anti-Bacterial Agents
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Cornea
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Corneal Transplantation*
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Cyclosporine
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Descemet Membrane
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Dogs*
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Endothelium
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Epithelium
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Humans
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Tissue Donors
5.Corneoconjunctival manifestations of lymphoma in three dogs
Seonmi KANG ; Manbok JEONG ; Kangmoon SEO
Journal of Veterinary Science 2019;20(1):98-101
An 8-year-old Shih Tzu, a 5-year-old Maltese, and a 10-year-old Maltese presented with conjunctival hyperemia and peripheral corneal edema. Severe conjunctival thickening with varying degrees of corneal extension was observed. Cytological examination showed many large lymphocytes with malignant changes in the conjunctiva which was consistent with findings in fine-needle aspiration samples taken from regional lymph nodes. They were diagnosed as having Stage V multicentric lymphoma. When conjunctival thickening is observed in canine patients with multicentric lymphoma, conjunctival metastasis with infiltration of neoplastic lymphoid cells should be included in the differential diagnosis.
Animals
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Biopsy, Fine-Needle
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Child
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Child, Preschool
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Conjunctiva
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Cornea
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Corneal Edema
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Diagnosis, Differential
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Dogs
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Humans
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Hyperemia
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Lymph Nodes
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Lymphocytes
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Lymphoma
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Neoplasm Metastasis
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Uvea
6.Effect of oral antioxidants on the progression of canine senile cataracts:a retrospective study
Sanghyun PARK ; Seonmi KANG ; Sukjong YOO ; Youngwoo PARK ; Kangmoon SEO
Journal of Veterinary Science 2022;23(3):e43-
Background:
Cataracts are the leading cause of impaired vision or blindness in dogs. There are many antioxidants that can prevent cataract progression, but whether they are clinically effective in dogs has not been established.
Objectives:
To analyze the delaying or preventing effect of oral antioxidants on canine senile cataracts through retrospective analysis.
Methods:
Medical records of dogs from January 1, 2015 to July 10, 2020 were reviewed. Dogs that were 8 yr of age or older with senile cataracts were included in this study. The dogs were divided into two treatment groups (dogs administered with Ocu-GLO supplement and dogs administered with Meni-One Eye R/C supplement) and a control group (dogs that were not administered any supplement). Dogs with incipient and immature cataracts were included in this study. Altogether, 112 dogs (156 eyes) with incipient cataracts and 60 dogs (77 eyes) with immature cataracts were included. The period of time that cataracts progressed from incipient to immature, and from immature to mature was recorded for each dog.
Results:
There was no significant delaying effect on the progression of incipient cataracts.However, both Ocu-GLO (hazard ratio = 0.265, p = 0.026) and Meni-One (hazard ratio = 0.246, p = 0.005) significantly delayed the progression of immature cataracts compared to the control group.
Conclusions
Although there was no significant delaying effect of oral antioxidants on incipient cataract progression, antioxidants could be used to delay the progression of senile immature cataract.
7.Application of superficial keratectomy and soft contact lens for the treatment of symblepharon in a cat:a case report
Youngsam KIM ; Seonmi KANG ; Kangmoon SEO
Journal of Veterinary Science 2021;22(2):e19-
A 7-month-old intact female Persian cat was diagnosed with symblepharon accompanied by epiphora, brownish ocular discharge, and ocular discomfort in the left eye. Superficial keratectomy (SK) was performed to remove adhesions between the conjunctiva and cornea.To prevent re-adhesion after SK, the detached conjunctival tissue was sutured to the corneal limbus, and a soft contact lens (SCL) was inserted and a partial temporary tarsorrhaphy was performed. The SCL and tarsorrhaphy sutures were maintained for 22 days, and symblepharon did not recur 347 days postoperatively. SK combined with SCL is a relatively easy and cost-effective surgical option for feline symblepharon.
8.Assessment of the pigeon (Columba livia) retina with spectral domain optical coherence tomography
Sunhyo KIM ; Seonmi KANG ; Lina SUSANTI ; Kangmoon SEO
Journal of Veterinary Science 2021;22(5):e65-
Background:
To assess the normal retina of the pigeon eye using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and establish a normative reference.
Methods:
Twelve eyes of six ophthalmologically normal pigeons (Columba livia) were included. SD-OCT images were taken with dilated pupils under sedation. Four meridians, including the fovea, optic disc, red field, and yellow field, were obtained in each eye. The layers, including full thickness (FT), ganglion cell complex (GCC), thickness from the retinal pigmented epithelium to the outer nuclear layer (RPE-ONL), and from the retinal pigmented epithelium to the inner nuclear layer (RPE-INL), were manually measured.
Results:
The average FT values were significantly different among the four meridians (p < 0.05), with the optic disc meridian being the thickest (294.0 ± 13.9 µm). The average GCC was thickest in the optic disc (105.3 ± 27.1 µm) and thinnest in the fovea meridian (42.8 ± 15.3 µm). The average RPE-INL of the fovea meridian (165.5 ± 18.3 µm) was significantly thicker than that of the other meridians (p < 0.05). The average RPE-ONL of the fovea, optic disc, yellow field, and red field were 91.2 ± 5.2 µm, 87.7 ± 5.3 µm, 87.6 ± 6.5 µm, and 91.4 ± 3.9 µm, respectively. RPE-INL and RPE-ONL thickness of the red field meridian did not change significantly with measurement location (p > 0.05).
Conclusions
Measured data could be used as normative references for diagnosing pigeon retinopathies and further research on avian fundus structure.
9.Application of porcine small intestinal submucosa (Vetrix BioSIS® ) for recurrent corneal sequestrum in an American shorthair cat
Youngsam KIM ; Seonmi KANG ; Sunhwa NAM ; Seongjin YUN ; Kangmoon SEO
Korean Journal of Veterinary Research 2020;60(4):229-232
A 15-year-old, spayed, female American shorthair cat presented with recurrent corneal sequestrum in the right eye. The cat had undergone superficial keratectomy twice for corneal sequestrum treatment 5 and 11 months previously. Two layers of porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS; Vetrix BioSIS® ) were applied to the surgical corneal defect after keratectomy. Thereafter, clinical signs, such as lacrimation, blepharospasm, and corneal ulcer, disappeared 50 days postoperatively. Moreover, the application of SIS with keratectomy prevented recurrence until 651 days after surgery. SIS could be applied as an additional bioscaffold for surgical repair of corneal sequestrum recurring after superficial keratectomy alone in cats.
10.Application of superficial keratectomy and soft contact lens for the treatment of symblepharon in a cat:a case report
Youngsam KIM ; Seonmi KANG ; Kangmoon SEO
Journal of Veterinary Science 2021;22(2):e19-
A 7-month-old intact female Persian cat was diagnosed with symblepharon accompanied by epiphora, brownish ocular discharge, and ocular discomfort in the left eye. Superficial keratectomy (SK) was performed to remove adhesions between the conjunctiva and cornea.To prevent re-adhesion after SK, the detached conjunctival tissue was sutured to the corneal limbus, and a soft contact lens (SCL) was inserted and a partial temporary tarsorrhaphy was performed. The SCL and tarsorrhaphy sutures were maintained for 22 days, and symblepharon did not recur 347 days postoperatively. SK combined with SCL is a relatively easy and cost-effective surgical option for feline symblepharon.