Objective To evaluate the effects of temperature of the irrigation fluid on body temperature and cardiovascular performance during transurethral surgery. Methods 87 cases were randomly divided into two groups according to the temperature of irrigation fluid used: the ambient (21～ 24 ℃) and the isothermic (35～36 ℃). Body temperature, blood glucose, ECG, HR, SaO 2, cardiac output (CO), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) were monitored during the transurethral surgery. Results Body temperature was decreased 2.1 ℃, MAP elevated, CO decreased and SVR increased in the ambient group, while body temperature was decreased only 0.3 ℃ and cardiac performance was maintained relatively stable in the isothermic group. Conclusions Hypothermia, resulted from the use of large amount of low temperature irrigation fluid during transurethral surgery has detrimental effects on body temperature and cardiovascular performance. Isothermic irrigation fluid would stablize the cardiovascular performance and so increases the safety of transurethral surgery.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) in regenerative nodules(RNs)and small hepatocellular carcinoma(sHCC).Methods Thirty-four cases of liver cirrhosis with small nodule were examined by CEUS.Among these cases,18 cases with 20 lesions were diagnosed s HCC,16 cases with 18 lesions were diagnosed RN eventually,all the diagnoses were confirmed by pathology.Perfusion characteristic and quantitative difference of RNs and sHCC were summarized.Results ①The majority of sHCC showed hyper-enhancement during the arterial phase,iso-enhancement or hypo-enhancement during the portal phase,hypo-enhancement during the late phase.The enhanced phase and degree of RNs were diverse,most of RNs showed iso enhancement during the three phases.The enhanced phase of two groups had significant difference(P ＜0.05).②The enhancement type of RNs and sHCC had no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).③ 11 of 20 sHCC lesions showed contrast-enhancement pattern of fast-in and slow-out,9 lesions were fast-in and fast-out;among 18 RNs,1 lesion enhanced during the portal phase and the late phase,it didn't enhanced during the arterial phase,3 lesions started to enhanced at the late arterial phase,14 lesions were iso-enhancement during the three phases.④Comparison of parameters of RNs and the adjacent liver parenchyma had no significant difference(P ＞0.05).Compared with the adjacent liver parenchyma or RNs,the arrival time and peak time were shorter,the peak intensity and the curve sharpness were higher in sHCC (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions CEUS is a useful method to distinguish RNs and sHCC in liver cirrhosis.

Objective To understand the comments for the essential drug system by doctors at township health centers in Nantong's six counties and to discuss the effect of implementing the essential drug system to different ownership systems.Methods The survey was made with stratified clusters random sampling method to select township health centers.Questionnaires were filled out by doctors,and leaders of the health bureau and township health centers were interviewed.Results After the implementation of the essential drug system,94.6％of the doctors found that the number of laboratory examinations increased in Rugao,Rudong and Haian.23.2％of the doctors in Tongzhou,Qidong and Haimen found that enthusiasm for work increased.Conclusion The compensation mechanism should be perfected and the financial subsidies should be paid in time.Supervision and management should be strengthened and the grassroots need for medicine be ensured.The skills training should be enhanced and the medical service ability be improved.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the relationship between symptoms and signs of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and the patients' quality of life (QOL).

METHODSA total of 492 TMD patients were included in this study. The clinical examination results were recorded using Fricton index of temporomandibular joint function. "Visual analog scale (VAS) evaluation of QOL disturbance" was designed to quantitate patients' QOL, to evaluate the degree that the patients QOL was affected.

RESULTSChewing, daily life and emotion among all 8 items of QOL were frequently affected by TMD, and joint clicking had the least influence on QOL. Intermittent closed lock had more severe interference with QOL than joint clicking only. Severe and moderate pain or limited mouth opening affected the QOL more severely than mild pain or mild limited mouth opening. The simple linear relationship between Fricton index and patients' QOL was poor (r < 0.4).

CONCLUSIONSPain is the most frequently seen symptom in TMD. TMD could affect patients' QOL, including both physical and social-psychological functions. The results suggest that the patients' QOL as well as TMD symptoms and signs should be considered in the management of TMD.

Antigens, CD19 ; analysis ; Asthma ; blood ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E ; blood ; Lymphocytes ; immunology ; Male ; Receptors, IgE ; analysis

Objective:To investigate the possibility of predicting facial nerve involvement in the pa-tients with parotid tumors using facial electroneurography (ENoG).Methods:In the study, 53 patients with primary parotid tumors were included in the study , 28 were benign tumors and 25 were malignant . There was no significant difference of tumor locations and sizes between the two groups . House-Brackmann facial nerve function evaluation was gradeⅠin all the patients who received examination of fa-cial electroneurography , including stimulation strength , amplitude , and latent time bilaterally .The facial electroneurography results in the affected side were compared with the results of contralateral normal side , intraoperative appearance and postoperative histopathological diagnosis .The facial electroneurography results were analyzed by Wilcoxon signed rank test and receiver operator characteristic ( ROC) curve. Results:During the facial electroneurography examination , the mean stimulation strength in the patients with benign parotid tumor was 20.0 mA.There was significant decrease in the amplitude at the affected side compared with the normal side upon posterior auricular stimulation ( P<0 .05 ) .But there was no significant difference in the latent time between the bilateral sides (P>0.05).However, in the patients with malignant parotid tumor , the mean stimulation strength was higher at 24.5 mA.There was signifi-cant decrease in the amplitude or even no response at the affected side compared to the normal side upon posterior auricular stimulation ( P<0 .05 ) .No response was detected in the multiple branches of facial nerve of affected sides in 36 .0%patients upon posterior auricular stimulation .The amplitude of branchesⅢand Ⅳwas significantly lower at the affected side than that at the normal side upon anterior auricular stimulation (P<0.05).The area under the ROC curve for ENoG was 0.884.Conclusion: When the facial nerve was involved by the parotid tumors , the stimulation strength in the electroneurography was larger .There was significant difference in the amplitude and the latent time of the facial nerve between the affected side and the normal side upon the posterior auricular stimulation .The rate of absence of reac-tion wave was higher in the patients with malignant tumors .It was feasible to predict the facial nerve in-volvement by ENoG for the parotid gland tumor patients without clinical appearances of facial paralysis .

Objective To analyze the chemokine receptor CXCR4 expression in acute leukemic cells of children and its relationship with extramedullary infiltration.Methods The immunotypes of cases of acute leukemia in children and the expression of CXCR4 in marrow leukemic cells were studied by flow cytometry respectively. The relationship between CXCR4 expression and extramedullary infiltration of leukemic cells were analyzed by statistical method.Results The expression rates of CXCR4 in ALL children were higher than those in NALL children(P

Objective To investigate the guidance role and effect of the thoracolumbar injury classification and severity score (TLICS) in the choice of anterior,posterior or combined surgery for thoracolumbar fractures.Methods Thirty-one consecutive patients with acute thoracolumbar burst fractures who were treated in an our unit were selected as our subjects who hospitalized from Oct.2006 to Sep 2010,There were 20 male and 11 female patients.The average age was 44.7 years (range from 35.0 to 56.0 of all patients 3 was injured T11,6 at T12,7 at L1,8 at L 2 and 7 at L3.The reasons of injury include motor vehicle accident (10 cases)and falling from a height (24).All patients had preoperative anteroposterior and lateral radiographs,computed tomography (CT) scan,and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination to more fully assess vertebral pieces and nerve compression.According to the Classification of Maged,there were 8 cases with type A3,8 cases with B1,9 cases with B2,3 cases with C1,3 case with C2.Neurologic status based on Frankel classification showed that 4 cases were with grade A 8 with grade B,9 with grade C 6 with grade D and 4 with grade E.Of the 31 patients,11 received posterior surgeries,12 anterior surgeries,and 8 combined anterior and posterior surgeries.Results Twenty-eight cases were followed up with averaged 13.7 months (range from 12.0-17.0 months).The kyphosis angle was measured from the superior endplate to the inferior end plate of the fractured vertebral body using the Cobb technique.The mean cobb's angle was (23.7 ± 11.3) ° (range,13.0 ～ 38.0°) preoperatively,(5.8 ± 0.6°) (-4.0 ～ 6.0) ° lordotic post operatively and (11.3 ± 10.6) ° lordotic at the final observation.The average surgical time was 190 minutes (range,90-380 minutes).and blood loss was 1680 ml (range,1260-2540 ml),and hospital stay was 17.4 days (range,10-24 days).No eloosening or motion was observed in the final follow-up patients.Conclusion TLICS has facilitate treatment decision making of thoracolumbar spinal column injuries and proved to be an effective treatment for serious thoracolumbar fracture.

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy between continuous and intermittent androgen deprivation in high risk prostate cancer.Methods Sixty-four patients with high risk prostate cancer were treated from January 2008 to April 2009,36 cases who accepted goserelin and bicalutamide were taken as intermittent hormonal therapy (intermittent treatment group),while 28 cases who accepted bilateral orchiectomy in addition to flutamide were regarded as continuous hormonal therapy (continuous treatment group).The comparison of tumor specific mortality,time of prostate specific antigen (PSA) to nadir,tine to PSA recurrence,serum testerone and quality of life score were assessed between the two groups.Results In continuous treatment group and intermittent treatment group,follow-up period was (26.4 ± 10.3) and (28.1 ± 8.7) months,the time of PSA to nadir was (3.8 ± 2.1 ) and (4.0 ± 3.6) months,the time to PSA recurrence was (20.1 ± 12.3) and (24.5 ± 14.6) months,respectively.There was no significant difference between the two groups.At the time of 18,24 and 30 months after therapy,serum testerone was 0.85,0.88,0.89 μg/L in continuous treatment group,while 1.21,1.36,1.48 μg/L in intermittent treatment group,respectively (P ＜ 0.05 ).Similarly,quality of life score was 38.7,40.5,39.8 scores in continuous treatment group,while 49.2,51.4,52.3 scores in intermittent treatment group at the time of 12,18 and 30 months after therapy,respectively (P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions Clinical efficacy could not been found between continuous and intermittent endocrinic therapy of prostate cancer.During intermittent,quality of life seems to be better and increases in accordance with serum testerone recurrence at given time.

The scientific papers in "Chinese Journal of Medical Instrumentation" from 1997 to 2001 have been analysed by bibliometrics, including the characteristics of the periodical, its author's areas, units distribution and quotations. Some suggestions have been put forward to promote the biomedical engineering research.
Bibliometrics ; China ; Equipment and Supplies ; Humans ; Multivariate Analysis ; Periodicals as Topic ; statistics & numerical data