Objective:To evaluate the effect of short-time group psychological guidance on mental quality of college students. Methods:Designed the content of one day's psychological coach.600 college students received psychological coach successively.60 students were randomly chosen as the intervened group,who were treated with one-day group psychological guidance,while 60 students,who never attended the group psychological guidance,were chosen as control.Assessed and compared the mental quality of the intervened group and the control group with the Faith in People Scale (FPS),Personal Evaluation Inventory (PEI),Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) on the day before or 1 and 12 weeks after coach.Results:There were no significant differences of the scale of FPS,PEI,SAS,and SDS between two groups before coach and there were significant differences between two groups after coach.Conclusion:Short-time group guidance is helpful to developing college students' ability in interpersonal contact and self-confidence and improving depression and anxiety.

Objective To investigate the current conditions of water iodine,childrens'iodine nutrition and residents'edible circumstance of iodized salt in the villages with high iodine in drinking water and the adjacent three villages in Xiamen city of Fujian province.Methods Four natural villages of Qianbian,Donglian,Dazhong and Dongshan of Xiangan county were chosen as survey spots in 2008.In each village,one running water sample and all well water samples were collected to obtain the benchmark for each location.All children aged 7-13 year in the four villages underwent thyroid palpation and were selected to measure the urine iodine and the salt iodine.The water iodine and urine iodine were determined by As3+-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometry digestion,salt iodine was determined by direct titration.Results In four investigated villages,iodine of four running water samples were all 1.5μg/L.The range of 237 well water iodine samples was from 0.1 μg/L to 506.0 μg/L.There were 18.6% (44/237)specimens in which the well water iodine less than 10 μg/L,73.4%(174/237)between 10 μg/L and 150 μg/L and 8%(19/237)more than 150μg/L.The median of urinary iodine was 153.3 μg/L in 79 urine samples,which was 114%(9/79)more than 200μg/L and less than 300μg/L,12.7%(10/79)equal or more than 300 μg/L and less than 500μg/L,7.6%(6/79)equal or more than 500μg/L and less than 800 μg/L in all samples.Seventy-nine students were examined by palpation and the total goiter rate of children measured was 11.4% (9/79).Seventy-one samples of iodine salt were detected and the coverage rate of iodized salt was 77.5%(55/71).Conclusions The well water iodine contents have a wide distribution in the investigated villages.We should enhance the community awareness by educating them on the damage of iodine excess and iodine deficiency.

INTRODUCTIONComplications occur in over 15% of central venous cannulations, often a result of anatomical variations. This study aimed to determine the anatomical variations of the internal jugular vein (IJV), demonstrate the likely success of cannulation and assess the risk of carotid artery (CA) injury when catheterising the IJV using the external landmarks technique at various degrees of head rotation in the local population.

METHODS100 elective cardiac surgical patients were prospectively enrolled. Simulated catheterisations were performed with patients placed in the Trendelenburg position. The standard landmark technique was used to identify anatomy. Simulations were done at six different degrees of rotation of the head: 0°, 30° and 60° for both right and left IJVs. Difficult catheterisation was defined as an IJV diameter < 7 mm.

RESULTSThere was no thrombosed or absent IJV in any patient. Catheterisation was potentially difficult in 15% of patients at 30° head rotation and more difficult for the left IJV than the right (20% vs. 10%; p < 0.05). The simulated needle hit the IJV in 82% of the attempts, but the needle was in the middle 80% of the vein only 70% of the time. Neck rotation increased the degree of overlap of the CA relative to the IJV from 20%-30% to 50%.

CONCLUSIONAnatomical variations play a significant role in determining the success of IJV catheterisation as well as the incidence of catheterisation-associated complications. This study emphasises the importance of using ultrasonography to guide IJV catheterisation, even in patients with seemingly normal neck anatomy.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carotid Artery Injuries ; epidemiology ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Catheterization, Central Venous ; adverse effects ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Jugular Veins ; anatomy & histology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Posture ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate and compare the effect of radio-frequency (RF) field exposure on expression of heat shock proteins (Hsps) in three human glioma cell lines (MO54, A172, and T98).

METHODSCells were exposed to sham or 1950 MHz continuous-wave for 1 h. Specific absorption rates (SARs) were 1 and 10 W/kg. Localization and expression of Hsp27 and phosphorylated Hsp27 ((78) Ser) (p-Hsp27) were examined by immunocytochemistry. Expression levels of Hsp27, p-Hs27, and Hsp70 were determined by Western blotting.

RESULTSThe Hsp27 was primarily located within the cytoplasm, p-Hsp27 in both cytoplasm and nuclei of MO54, A172, and T98 cells. RF field exposure did not affect the distribution or expression of Hsp27. In addition, Western blotting showed no significant differences in protein expression of Hsp27 or Hsp70 between sham- and RF field-exposed cells at a SAR of 1 W/kg and 10 W/kg for 1 h in three cells lines. Exposure to RF field at a SAR of 10 W/kg for 1 h slightly decreased the protein level of phosphorylated Hsp27 in MO54 cells.

CONCLUSIONThe 1950 MHz RF field has only little or no apparent effect on Hsp70 and Hsp27 expression in MO54, A172, and T98 cells.

Cell Line, Tumor ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; radiation effects ; Glioma ; Heat-Shock Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Neoplasm Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Neuroglia ; radiation effects ; Protein Transport

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of electromagnetic pulse (EMP) exposure on cerebral micro vascular permeability in rats.

METHODSThe whole-body of male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed or sham exposed to 200 pulses or 400 pulses (1 Hz) of EMP at 200 kV/m. At 0.5, 1, 3, 6, and 12 h after EMP exposure, the permeability of cerebral micro vascular was detected by transmission electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry using lanthanum nitrate and endogenous albumin as vascular tracers, respectively.

RESULTSThe lanthanum nitrate tracer was limited to the micro vascular lumen with no lanthanum nitrate or albumin tracer extravasation in control rat brain. After EMP exposure, the lanthanum nitrate ions reached the tight junction, basal lamina and pericapillary tissue. Similarly, the albumin immunopositive staining was identified in pericapillary tissue. The changes in brain micro vascular permeability were transient, the leakage of micro vascular vessels appeared at 1 h, and reached its peak at 3 h, and nearly recovered at 12 h, after EMP exposure. In addition, the leakage of micro vascular was more obvious after exposure of EMP at 400 pulses than after exposure of EMP at 200 pulses.

CONCLUSIONExposure to 200 and 400 pulses (1 Hz) of EMP at 200 kV/m can increase cerebral micro vascular permeability in rats, which is recoverable.

Animals ; Brain ; blood supply ; Capillary Permeability ; physiology ; Electromagnetic Fields ; adverse effects ; Electrophysiology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo develop quality of life questionnaire of Chinese medicine for postoperative patients with colorectal cancer (QLQ-CMPPCC), thus comprehensively and objectively evaluating the clinical efficacy of Chinese medicine and pharmacy in treating postoperative patients with colorectal cancer (CC).

METHODSThe theoretical structure model of the questionnaire was addressed in combined with basic theories of Chinese medicine according to the principle of WHO quality of life (QOL). The primary questionnaire was developed using methods of structuralization policy making after we extensively retrieve various universal and specific questionnaires for CC cancer patients at home and abroad. The 205 CC patients were tested by questionnaire. The items were screened using experts grading method, item selection analysis, dispersion trends of standard deviation, t-test, correlation coefficient method, factor analysis,and Cronbach's alpha.

RESULTSThe QLQ-CMPPCC was developed containing four domains of physical, psychological, independence, and social functions, involving 20 aspects and 54 items. Of them, non-fistula patients answered 43 items and fistula patients answered 46 items. One item covered the general QOL evaluation.

CONCLUSIONSQLQ-CMPPCC showed Chinese medical features. It comprehensively reflected the connotation of QOL for postoperative CC patients. It could be taken as a tool for evaluating Chinese medical efficacy for postoperative CC patients.

Colorectal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Postoperative Period ; Quality of Life ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Tongxinluo superfine (TXL) on experimental anginal model induced by Arginine Vasopressin in rats with endothelial dysfunction.

METHODFirst, the endothelial dysfunction rat model was made by methionine-induced hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy). The thoracic aorta were excised, and acetylcholine (Ach)-induced endothelium dependent relaxation and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) induced endothelium-independent relaxation were measured. Total plasma homocysteine (Hcy) concentrations were measured with automated fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect plasma von Willebrand factor (vWF) level. Plasma nitric oxide (NO) contents were assayed by method of nitrate reductase. Then, the rat model of collaterals contraction (model group) was established by AVP intravenous injection in rats with endothelial dysfunction and the S wave change (DeltaS) and T wave depression in Lead II ECG were used as the index of angina severity. The nitric oxide (NO) contents in serum and the expression of myocardium eNOS mRNA were measured.

RESULTAch (0. 1-1000 nmol L(-1))-induced endothelium dependent relaxation (EDR) of aortic rings was significantly decreased in HHcy group. The endothelium-independent relaxation induced by SNP (0.001-10 micromol L(-1)) was not significantly different between the two groups. Plasma homocysteine concentrations and vWF levels in rats treated with methionine were higher than those of control group, while NO contents were significantly decreased in HHcy group compared with control. The results showed that L-methionine intake induced hyperhomocysteinemia in rats. Impaired EDR, increased vWF and decreased NO suggested the exist of endothelial dysfunction. DeltaS of model group increased from 1 min to 5 min and T wave of model group depressed at 2 min compared with that of control after the administration of vasopressin (0.5 U kg(-1)). The intragastric administration of TXL inhibited vasopressin-induced S wave change at 4 min and 5 min and T wave depression from 30 s to 3 min after AVP injection. The NO contents in serum and the expression of myocardium eNOS mRNA of TXL group were increased compared with model group.

CONCLUSIONExperimental angina induced by AVP injection is more severe in rats with endothelial dysfunction. Tongxinluo Superfine can protect against collaterals contraction in rats maybe by increasing the NO contents in serum and the expression of myocardium eNOS mRNA.

Acetylcholine ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Aorta, Thoracic ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Electrocardiography ; Endothelium, Vascular ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Hyperhomocysteinemia ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Myocardial Ischemia ; blood ; genetics ; physiopathology ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; pathology ; Nitric Oxide ; blood ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Nitroprusside ; pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Vasodilation ; drug effects ; Vasodilator Agents ; pharmacology ; von Willebrand Factor ; metabolism

Objective:To investigate the etiology, prognosis and prognostic factors of pediatric acute liver failure(PALF), in order to provide the basis for clinical treatment of PALF.Methods:The clinical data of children with PALF hospitalized at Hunan Children′s Hospital from May 2008 to May 2018 were collected, and the causes and prognosis were analyzed.According to the prognosis, the patients were divided into the death group and the survival group, whose biochemical indexes were then compared.After that, the statistical analysis of different data were carried out by using t-test, Wilcoxon test and χ2 test separately. Results:In 120 PALF cases, there were 68 males and 52 females, and there were 36 infants, 34 toddlers, 22 preschoolers and 28 school-age children.Twenty cases (16.7%) were caused by sepsis, 19 cases (15.8%) by genetic metabolic diseases, 18 cases (15.0%) by poisoning, 12 cases (10.0%) by viral infection, 6 cases (5.0%) by drugs, 1 case (0.8%) by bile polyp, and 1 case (0.8%) by tumor disease.Besides, the etiology of 43 cases (35.9%) was unknown.Among the cases with known etiologies, genetic metabolic and infectious diseases were the main cause of disease in infants, toddler patients were mostly caused by infectious diseases and drug/toxicants, and drug/toxicants and hereditary metabolic diseases were the dominant cause of disease in school-age children and preschoolers.Mortality rate of children with PALF was 50.0%.Among them, the mortality of Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome, sepsis, Citrin deficiency and Tyrosinemia was higher than that of other diseases.Compared with the survival group, the total bilirubin (TB)[159.00(73.05, 274.00) μmol/L vs.62.75(2.65, 221.75)μmol/L], direct bilirubin(DB)[83.00(41.43, 160.00) μmol/L vs.38.74(10.98, 128.75) μmol/L], prothrombin time (PT)[39.60(24.93, 62.60) s vs.24.65(21.43, 29.83) s], international standardized ratio (INR)[3.40(2.30, 6.74) vs.2.09(1.85, 2.84)], and blood ammonia (NH 3) levels [109.50(85.25, 149.75) μmol/L vs.80.00(60.25, 102.75) μmol/L] in the death group were significantly increased, and the diffe-rences were statistically significant(all P<0.05); while the levels of albumin[(28.72±5.88) g/L vs.(33.69±4.96) g/L], alanine aminotransferase (ALT) [586.50(223.25, 1 082.00) U/L vs.1 434.00(615.00, 3 334.50) U/L]and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) [827.50(545.00, 2 024.00) U/L vs.1 663.50(821.00, 4 886.75) U/L]in the death group were significantly decreased, and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05). However, the blood glucose and cholesterol levels in both groups had no statistically significant difference. Conclusion:The mortality of children with PALF is high, and different age groups have different etiologies.The increase of TB, DB, PT, INR, NH3 and the ratio of hepatic encephalopathy, and the decrease of albumin, AST and ALT suggest poor prognosis.

BACKGROUNDVentricular septal rupture (VSR) remains an infrequent but devastating complication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The best time to undergo surgical repair is controversial and there is currently no risk stratification for patients with VSR to guide treatment. The purpose of this study was to review the clinical outcomes of 70 patients with VSR, to analyze the short-term prognosis factors of VSR following AMI, and to make a risk stratification for patients with VSR.

METHODSA total of 70 consecutive VSR patients following AMI treated in our hospital from January 2002 to October 2010 were enrolled in this study retrospectively. The difference of clinical characteristics were observed between patients with VSR who survived ≤30 days and survived >30 days. We analyzed the short-term prognosis factors of VSR and established the short-term prognosis index of VSR (SPIV) based on the Logistic regression analysis to stratify patients with VSR.

RESULTSAmong 12 354 patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, 70 (0.57%) patients (33 males and 37 females) were found to have VSR. The average age was (68.1±8.5) years. Fifty-four (77.1%) patients were diagnosed with an acute anterior infarction. Patients with VSR selected for surgical repair had better outcomes than patients treated conservatively; 1-year mortality 9.5% versus 87.8%, P < 0.005. Logistic regression analysis revealed that female (P = 0.013), anterior AMI (P = 0.023), non-ventricular aneurysm (P = 0.023), non-diabetes (P = 0.009), Killip class 3 or 4 (P = 0.022) and time from AMI to VSR less than 4 days (P = 0.027) were independent risk determinants for shortterm mortality. SPIV ≥9 indicates a high risk as the 30-day mortality is 77.4%; SPIV <8 indicates a low risk as the 30-day mortality is 28.6%; SPIV between 8 and 9 indicates a moderate risk.

CONCLUSIONSVSR remains a rare but devastating complication of AMI. The independent risk determinants for short-term mortality of VSR were female gender, anterior AMI, non-ventricular aneurysm, non-diabetes, Killip class 3 or 4, and the time from AMI to VSR less than 4 days. It is reasonable to take more active treatments for the patients at high risk to save more lives.

Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; complications ; physiopathology ; Ventricular Septal Rupture ; diagnosis ; etiology

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of electromagnetic pulse (EMP) on the permeability of blood-brain barrier, tight junction (TJ)-associated protein expression and localization in rats.

METHODS66 male SD rats, weighing (200 approximately 250) g, were sham or whole-body exposed to EMP at 200 kV/m for 200 pulses. The repetition rate was 1 Hz. The permeability of the blood-brain barrier in rats was assessed by albumin immunohistochemistry. The expression of typical tight junction protein ZO-1 and occludin in both cerebral cortex homogenate and cerebral cortex microvessel homogenate was analyzed by the Western blotting and the distribution of ZO-1 and occludin was examined by immunofluorescence microscopy.

RESULTSIn the sham exposure rats, no brain capillaries showed albumin leakage, at 0.5 h after 200 kV/m EMP exposure for 200 pulses; a few brain capillaries with extravasated serum albumin was found, with the time extended, the number of brain capillaries with extravasated serum albumin increased, and reached the peak at 3 h, then began to recover at 6 h. In addition, no change in the distribution of the occludin was found after EMP exposure. Total occludin expression had no significant change compared with the control. However, the expression level of ZO-1 significantly decreased at 1 h and 3 h after EMP exposure in both cerebral cortex homogenate and cerebral cortex microvessel homogenate. Furthermore, immunofluorescence studies also showed alterations in ZO-1 protein localization in cerebral cortex microvessel.

CONCLUSIONThe EMP exposure (200 kV/m, 200 pulses) could increase blood-brain barrier permeability in rat, and this change is associated with specific alterations in tight junction protein ZO-1.

Animals ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; radiation effects ; Brain ; metabolism ; Capillary Permeability ; radiation effects ; Electromagnetic Fields ; adverse effects ; Male ; Membrane Proteins ; metabolism ; Phosphoproteins ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Zonula Occludens-1 Protein